Abstract: A first switch designates one of energization instruction signals to designate a valve closing detection cylinder. A valve closing detection unit monitors downstream voltages of the fuel injection valves to detect occurrence of an inflection point in change of the downstream voltages and detects valve closing. A second switch designates one of the downstream voltages and designates the valve closing detection cylinder. A stage number designation unit designates a valve closing detection stage number. A valve closing time measuring unit measures a valve closing time, which is from a switching timing at which the energization instruction signal is switched from ON to OFF to a valve closing detection timing of the valve closing, for injection of the valve closing detection stage number of the valve closing detection cylinder. A valve closing time learning unit learns the valve closing time measured by the valve closing time measuring unit.

Abstract: An energization instruction switch switches energization instruction signals to instruct energization of fuel injection valves. A first cylinder designation switch designates one of the energization instruction signals to designate a valve closing detection cylinder. A valve closing detection unit monitors downstream voltage of the fuel injection valve to detect occurrence of an inflection point in change of the downstream voltage to detect a valve closing. A second cylinder designation switch designates one of the downstream voltages and designates the valve closing detection cylinder. A valve closing time measuring unit measures a valve closing time, which is from a switching timing of the energization instruction signal from ON to OFF to a valve closing detection timing, for injection of the valve closing detection cylinder. A valve closing time learning unit learns the valve closing time measured by the valve closing time measuring unit.

Abstract: An injection control device controls a solenoid in a fuel injection valve. The injection control device includes a transistor on an upstream side of a first power supply path to the solenoid and a transistor on an upstream side of a second power supply path to the solenoid. The injection control device has another transistor with a body diode arranged in parallel at a position on the first power supply path between the first transistor and an upstream terminal of the solenoid. The injection control device also includes a transistor on the downstream side of the first and second power supply paths. A drive controller in the injection control device drives the solenoid to an open position by switching ON the transistor on the downstream side and the transistor on the upstream side of the first power supply path or the transistor on the upstream side of the second power supply path.

Abstract: An injection controller includes a control IC outputting an energization instruction signal to apply a peak current to a fuel injection valve (i.e., an instruction TQ), and a current monitor unit detecting an electric current flowing in the fuel injection valve. The control IC corrects an output OFF time of the energization instruction signal based on a difference between (i) an integrated current of an ideal current profile which serves as a target current before reaching the peak current and (ii) an integrated current of an energization current in the fuel injection valve detected by the current monitor unit (i.e., an effective TQ).

Abstract: An injection control device has a current supply controller controlling a supply of an electric current for opening and closing a fuel injection valve, a current monitor monitoring the electric current supplied to the valve, and a boost controller performing a boost voltage generation control that generates a boost voltage from a power supply voltage by a tuning ON/OFF of a switching element for supplying a peak current to open the valve. When the current supply controller supplies the peak current to the fuel injection valve, the boost controller stops the boost voltage generation control in a stop period that includes a timing when an electric current supply amount takes a threshold value of the peak current.

Abstract: An injection control device controls a solenoid in a fuel injection valve. The injection control device includes a transistor on an upstream side of a first power supply path to the solenoid, and a transistor on an upstream side of a second power supply path to the solenoid. The injection control device has another transistor with a body diode arranged in parallel at a position between an upstream terminal of the solenoid and ground. The injection control device also includes a transistor on the downstream side of the first and second power supply paths. A drive controller in the injection control device drives the solenoid to an open position by switching ON the transistor on the downstream side and one of the transistors on the upstream side power supply paths.

Abstract: An injection control device controls a drive of a solenoid in a high pressure pump for pressurizing fuel to an internal combustion engine. The injection control device includes a transistor on an upstream side of a power supply path from a direct current power supply line to the solenoid and a transistor provided on a downstream side of the power supply path. The injection control device further includes a diode at a position between an upstream terminal of the solenoid and ground, a transistor arranged in parallel with the diode, and a drive controller. The drive controller drives the solenoid to an open position by switching ON the transistors on the upstream and downstream sides of the power supply path.

Abstract: An injection control device controls a solenoid in a fuel injection valve. The injection control device includes a transistor on an upstream side of a first power supply path to the solenoid and a transistor on an upstream side of a second power supply path to the solenoid. The injection control device has another transistor with a body diode arranged in parallel at a position on the first power supply path between the first transistor and an upstream terminal of the solenoid. The injection control device also includes a transistor on the downstream side of the first and second power supply paths. A drive controller in the injection control device drives the solenoid to an open position by switching ON the transistor on the downstream side and the transistor on the upstream side of the first power supply path or the transistor on the upstream side of the second power supply path.

Abstract: An in-vehicle electronic control unit includes a circuit board equipped with a coil and a power supply circuit, a resin member covering the circuit board, and a metal bracket fixed to the resin member for attaching the circuit board to a vehicle. The metal bracket includes a first shield portion and a second shield portion. The first shield portion is arranged to only a part of an upper surface of the resin member so that when projected in a winding axis direction of the coil, the first shield portion overlaps at least a part of the coil. The second shield portion extends from the first shield portion in the winding axis direction of the coil and is arranged to only a part of a side surface of the resin member.

Abstract: An in-vehicle electronic control unit includes a circuit board equipped with a coil and a power supply circuit, a resin member covering the circuit board, and a metal bracket fixed to the resin member for attaching the circuit board to a vehicle. The metal bracket includes a first shield portion and a second shield portion. The first shield portion is arranged to only a part of an upper surface of the resin member so that when projected in a winding axis direction of the coil, the first shield portion overlaps at least a part of the coil. The second shield portion extends from the first shield portion in the winding axis direction of the coil and is arranged to only a part of a side surface of the resin member.

Abstract: A multilayer printed circuit board includes an insulating substrate, circuit layers arranged in the insulating substrate, an electronic component, an electrode disposed on the circuit layer exposed from a surface of the insulating substrate and including a soldered portion at which a terminal of the electronic component is soldered, an internal layer conductor disposed on the circuit layer located inside the insulating substrate and defining through holes in a radial manner centering on the soldered portion, a heat releasing conductor disposed on the circuit layer next to the circuit layer on which the internal layer conductor is disposed, and connection vias inserted in the through holes and coupling the electrode and the heat releasing conductor so as to enable a heat transfer between the electrode and the heat releasing conductor. The internal layer conductor and the heat releasing conductor overlap a whole area of the soldered portion.

Abstract: A process for producing an unsymmetrical chain carbonic acid ester is described, which comprises reacting a first symmetrical chain carbonic acid ester with a second symmetrical chain carbonic acid ester or a monohydric alcohol in the presence of a catalyst comprising as an active catalyst component an oxide of at least one element selected from the Group IIIB elements of the periodic table.

Abstract: A process for preparing unsaturated dimers of .alpha.-methylstyrene comprising dimerizing .alpha.-methylstyrene using activated clay or acid clay as a catalyst, in which the dimerization is carried out in the presence of a carbonic acid ester, preferably ethylene carbonate, which process achieves high selectivity to unsaturated dimers with ease in controlling the reaction temperature.

Abstract: 4,4'-Biphenol is prepared through debutylation of 3,3', 5,5'-tetra-tert-butyl-4,4'-biphenol in an organic solvent in the presence of an acid catalyst wherein the debutylation is carried out continuously using at least two reactors aligned in series, with a high yield and high purity on an industrial level.

Abstract: A method of continuously distilling off the components of a mixture containing phenols, water and methanol using a single distillation column, wherein methanol is recovered from the top of the column, water containing phenols is dragged as a side stream from a recovery section of the column, and phenols are recovered as a bottom product. The method permits efficient separation by the single distillation column of the three components with high purity and low utility energy.

Abstract: A process for preparing 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl is disclosed, which comprises debutylation of 3,3', 5,5'-tetra-t-butyl-4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl in an organic solvent in the presence of an acid catalyst, wherein said debutylation is carried out in the presence of water and/or a lower alcohol. The desired product can be obtained at a high purity in a high yield.

Abstract: Aromatic alcohol is produced by reducing aromatic hydroperoxide with hydrogen in a liquid phase, using a Pt catalyst solely or a catalyst containing Pt and at least one element selected from the group consisting Pb, Sn, Cu, As, Sb, In, Se and Bi in a fixed bed reactor.

Abstract: A process for preparing p-cumylphenol which comprises reacting phenol and .alpha.-methylstyrene in the presence of an inorganic solid acid catalyst having an acid point of an acid strength Ho of up to -3, for example, activated clay and recovering the aimed p-cumylphenol from the reaction mixture thus obtained by distilling the same while introducing an inert gas such as nitrogen and/or steam into the distillation system is disclosed. The p-cumylphenol thus obtained has a high purity and an improved color compared with those obtained by conventional methods.