Abstract: There is disclosed a method for removing palladium, which method is characterized by contacting a solution containing a palladium complex containing a phosphorus-type ligand in an organic solvent with a layered clay compound or a zeolite having a pore diameter of 0.6 to 2 nm.

Abstract: An organic polymer film with high mechanical strength, which is produced by a method comprising the steps of supplying a raw material gas containing an organic compound having at least one carbon-carbon triple bond in a molecule into a reaction chamber under reduced pressure, exciting the raw material gas in plasma generated in the reaction chamber, depositing the excited raw material gas on a surface of a substrate placed in the reaction chamber, and growing an organic polymer film on the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: An industrially advantageous process for producing an aryloxyacetic acid represented by the formula (2): wherein m represents an integer of 1 or 2, n represents an integer from 0 to 4, Ar represents a aromatic hydrocarbon ring, each Rs independently represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, a cycloalkoxy group, an aryloxy group, a halogen atom, an alkylcarbonyl group, an arylcarbonyl group, a carboxyl group or a nitro group, comprising a step in which an oxygen-containing gas is made act on an aryloxyethanol represented by the formula (1): (R)n-Ar&Parenopenst;O—CH2.CH2.OH)m  (1) wherein m, n, Ar, and R, respectively, have the same meanings as defined above, under conditions of using a catalyst comprising palladium and an indium compound and/or a copper compound in an aqueous medium and in the presence of 0.

Abstract: A process for producing 1-substituted tetrahydroquinazolines represented by the formula (III): ##STR1## wherein Z represents a methylene group which is optionally substituted by an alkyl group; R.sub.6 represents an alkyl group or an aralkyl group; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a nitro group, an azido group, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aralkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an acyloxygroup, or an amino group represented by XNR.sub.4 R.sub.5 in which X represents a direct bond, an alkylene group or a carbonyl group, and N, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 may form together a five- or six-membered heterocyclic ring or R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 independently represent an alkyl group or an acyloxy alkyl group; and R.sub.

Abstract: A process for producing isatoic anhydrides of the formula (II): ##STR1## which comprises reacting an anthranilic acid of formula (I): ##STR2## or a salt thereof with phosgene using a mixed solvent of water and an organic solvent miscible with water and inert to the reaction;conducting the reaction in the coexistence of an alkylpyridinium salt in an aqueous solvent; orusing a mixed solvent of water and a specific amount of an organic solvent substantially immiscible with water and inert to the reaction.

Abstract: A process for producing isatoic anhydrides of the formula (II): ##STR1## which comprises reacting an anthranilic acid of formula (I): ##STR2## or a salt thereof with phosgene using a mixed solvent of water and an organic solvent miscible with water and inert to the reaction;conducting the reaction in the coexistence of an alkylpyridinium salt in an aqueous solvent; orusing a mixed solvent of water and a specific amount of an organic solvent substantially immiscible with water and inert to the reaction.

Abstract: A 3-[(E)-1-propenyl]cephem compound represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R represents hydrogen, a protective group for an amino group, or the group shown by formula (II): ##STR2## in which R.sup.3 is a protective group for an amino group, R.sup.4 is a protective group for a hydroxyl group, and W is --CH.dbd. or --N.dbd.; R.sup.2 represents a protective group for a carboxyl group; and X represents hydrogen or chlorine. The compound is useful as an intermediate for producing cephem antibiotics and is prepared by isomerizing the corresponding 3-[(Z)-1-propenyl]cephem compound in an inert organic solvent in the presence of an aromatic thiol. The compound of formula (I) wherein X is chlorine can be converted into a 3-[(E)-3-ammonio-1-propenyl]cephem derivative through the reaction with a tertiary amine.

Abstract: 2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene is prepared by isomerizing 2,3-dimethyl-1-butene using at least one acid selected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid and sulfonic acids. By this process, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene is effectively prepared from 2,3-dimethyl-1-butene using an inexpensive catalyst such as sulfonic acid or the sulfonic acids. Further, a dimerization reaction product of propene can also be used in the isomerization step without removing the dimerization catalyst from the reaction product.

Abstract: A process for producing isatoic anhydrides of the formula (II): ##STR1## which comprises reacting an anthranilic acid of formula (I): ##STR2## or a salt thereof with phosgene using a mixed solvent of water and an organic solvent miscible with water and inert to the reaction; conducting the reaction in the coexistence of an alkylpyridinium salt in an aqueous solvent; or using a mixed solvent of water and a specific amount of an organic solvent substantially immiscible with water and inert to the reaction.

Abstract: A process for producing an dioxoquinazoline of following formula (II): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a nitro group, a lower alkyl group, an aralkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxylcarbonyl group or a group represented by YNR.sub.3 R.sub.4, wherein Y represents a direct bond, a lower alkylene group or a carbonyl group, and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 independently represent a lower alkyl group or N, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 may bond together to form a five- or six-membered heterocycle which comprises reacting an anthranylamide of formula (I): ##STR2## wherein X, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are as defined above.

Abstract: A process for producing 1-substituted tetrahydroquinazolines represented by the formula (III): ##STR1## as defined herein which comprises reacting tetrahydroquinazolines represented by the formula (I): ##STR2## with hexamethyldisilazane; and reacting the resultant product with a chloroalkanoate represented by the formula (II):Cl--Z--CO--O--R.sub.6 (II)in the presence of an iodide of an alkaline metal, followed by desilylation.

Abstract: A 3-?(E)-1-propenyl!cephem compound represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R represents hydrogen, a protective group for an amino group, or the group shown by formula (II): ##STR2## in which R.sup.3 is a protective group for an amino group, R.sup.4 is a protective group for a hydroxyl group, and W is --CH.dbd. or --N.dbd.; R.sup.2 represents a protective group for a carboxyl group; and X represents hydrogen or chlorine. The compound is useful as an intermediate for producing cephem antibiotics and is prepared by isomerizing the corresponding 3-?(Z)-1-propenyl!cephem compound in an inert organic solvent in the presence of an aromatic thiol. The compound of formula (I) wherein X is chlorine can be converted into a 3-?(E)-3-ammonio-1-propenyl!cephem derivative through the reaction with a tertiary amine.

Abstract: Disclosed are an oxychlorination catalyst comprising a carrier material, and a palladium compound, a copper compound and a vanadium compound which are supported on the carrier material; an oxychlorination catalyst comprising a carrier material, and a palladium compound, a copper compound, a vanadium compound and an alkaline earth metal compound which are supported on the carrier material; processes for preparing these catalysts; and a method for oxychlorination of an olefin or an aromatic hydrocarbon using one of these catalysts.

Abstract: A method for bonding a restorative composite resin to dentin which comprises:treating the surface of dentin with a dentin-treating liquid for, 1 to 90 seconds obtained by adding glutaraldehyde and ferric chloride to an aqueous solution of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid regulated to a hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of 7.4; removing the treating liquid by water-rinsing to dry the thus treated surface of dentin; applying a primer comprising an ethylene related unsaturated monomer, a (meth)acrylic ester polymer and tri-n-butyl borane on the dried surface of dentin; and filling the restorative composite resin onto the applied surface of dentin.