Abstract: There are provided a plurality of poles whose roots are connected to a central part and whose tips extend in mutually different directions on an identical plane or on an identical curved surface, wherein a pole width at each of the roots is narrower than a pole width between each of the roots and the corresponding one of the tips, and a pole width at each of the tips is narrower that the pole width between each of the roots and the corresponding one of the tips, each pole width being defined by a length of a line segment in a direction perpendicular, on the identical plane or on the identical curved surface, to a line segment connecting each of the roots to a corresponding one of the tips in the respective poles.

Abstract: There are provided a plurality of poles whose roots are connected to a central part and whose tips extend in mutually different directions on an identical plane or on an identical curved surface, wherein a pole width at each of the roots is narrower than a pole width between each of the roots and the corresponding one of the tips, and a pole width at each of the tips is narrower that the pole width between each of the roots and the corresponding one of the tips, each pole width being defined by a length of a line segment in a direction perpendicular, on the identical plane or on the identical curved surface, to a line segment connecting each of the roots to a corresponding one of the tips in the respective poles.

Abstract: A bactericidal composition comprising a carboxy group-containing cellulose ester or carboxy group-containing cellulose ether, a bactericide, alcohol, and water. Some embodiments further comprise a plasticizer. The compositions described herein may be used to disinfect the surface of skin in preparation for surgical procedures.