Abstract: A power supply system includes a power generation facility configured to supply power to a consumer and a server configured to communicate with the facility. The facility includes a fuel cell configured to generate, using fuel gas supplied via a supply path of the fuel gas to the consumer, power to be supplied to the consumer, and a measurement unit configured to measure a supply amount of the fuel gas used for the power generation. The server includes an acquisition unit configured to acquire information concerning a supply amount of the fuel gas supplied to the consumer, and a specifying unit configured to specify, based on a measurement result of the measurement unit received from the facility and the information, a supply amount of the fuel gas not used for the power generation in the supply amount of the fuel gas supplied to the consumer.

Abstract: A power supply system includes a power generation facility configured to supply power to a consumer and a server configured to communicate with the facility. The facility includes a fuel cell configured to generate, using fuel gas supplied via a supply path of the fuel gas to the consumer, power to be supplied to the consumer, and a measurement unit configured to measure a supply amount of the fuel gas used for the power generation. The server includes an acquisition unit configured to acquire information concerning a supply amount of the fuel gas supplied to the consumer, and a specifying unit configured to specify, based on a measurement result of the measurement unit received from the facility and the information, a supply amount of the fuel gas not used for the power generation in the supply amount of the fuel gas supplied to the consumer.

Abstract: A fuel cell stack includes a fuel cell. A separator of the fuel cell includes a sandwiching section for sandwiching an electrolyte electrode assembly, a bridge section, and a reactant gas supply section. A fuel gas channel and an oxygen-containing gas channel are formed in the sandwiching section. A fuel gas supply channel, a fuel gas return channel, and an oxygen-containing gas supply channel are formed in the bridge section. A fuel gas supply passage, a fuel gas discharge passage and an oxygen-containing gas supply passage are formed in the reactant gas supply section. The bridge section is provided integrally with the reactant gas supply section, and surrounds the entire outer circumference of the sandwiching section.

Abstract: A fuel cell stack includes a lower end plate for placing a stack body on the lower end plate, a load plate for applying a load to the stack body in a stacking direction, and a fuel cell support member provided between the load plate and the stack body. The fuel cell support member includes composite layers made of composite material of alumina fiber and vermiculite. The fuel cell support member includes a first support section for applying a load to sandwiching sections at a position corresponding to electrolyte electrode assemblies, and a second support section for applying a load to reactant gas supply sections in the stacking direction. The density of the first support section is smaller than the density of the second support section.

Abstract: A fuel cell stack includes a stack body formed by stacking a plurality of solid oxide fuel cells in a stacking direction. The fuel cell stack includes wall plate members and fuel cell support members. The wall plate members are provided in the stacking direction of the stack body around the sides of the stack body. Each of the fuel cell support members includes a composite layer made of composite material of alumina fiber and vermiculite. The fuel cell support members are interposed between the wall plate members and the sides of the stack body, and apply a load to the sides of the stack body in directions of a separator surface.

Abstract: A fuel cell stack includes a lower end plate for placing a stack body on the lower end plate, a load plate for applying a load to the stack body in a stacking direction, and a fuel cell support member provided between the load plate and the stack body. The fuel cell support member includes composite layers made of composite material of alumina fiber and vermiculite. The fuel cell support member includes a first support section for applying a load to sandwiching sections at a position corresponding to electrolyte electrode assemblies, and a second support section for applying a load to reactant gas supply sections in the stacking direction. The density of the first support section is smaller than the density of the second support section.

Abstract: A fuel cell stack includes a stack body formed by stacking a plurality of solid oxide fuel cells in a stacking direction. The fuel cell stack includes wall plate members and fuel cell support members. The wall plate members are provided in the stacking direction of the stack body around the sides of the stack body. Each of the fuel cell support members includes a composite layer made of composite material of alumina fiber and vermiculite. The fuel cell support members are interposed between the wall plate members and the sides of the stack body, and apply a load to the sides of the stack body in directions of a separator surface.

Abstract: A fuel cell stack includes a fuel cell. A separator of the fuel cell includes a sandwiching section for sandwiching an electrolyte electrode assembly, a bridge section, and a reactant gas supply section. A fuel gas channel and an oxygen-containing gas channel are formed in the sandwiching section. A fuel gas supply channel, a fuel gas return channel, and an oxygen-containing gas supply channel are formed in the bridge section. A fuel gas supply passage a fuel gas discharge passage and an oxygen-containing gas supply passage are formed in the reactant gas supply section. The bridge section is provided integrally with the reactant gas supply section, and surrounds the entire outer circumference of the sandwiching section.

Abstract: A plasma display apparatus (10) is provided with: a control device 100; a PDP 900 including a display panel device 200 and a driving device 400; and a functional device 500. In operation of the PDP 900, an X driving device 420 and a Y driving device 430 of the driving device 400 are drive-controlled by the control device 100, and sustain pulse voltages are applied to sustain electrodes 213 of the display panel device 200. This generates unnecessary radiant electromagnetic wave near the display panel device 200 and the driving device 400. A coil 610 of a power regenerating apparatus 600 is provided such that the core direction of an air core portion 611b is perpendicular to the radiant direction of the unnecessary radiant electromagnetic wave, and the coil converts the unnecessary radiant electromagnetic wave to an AC voltage. The AC voltage is converted to a DC voltage by a rectifying device 620 and it is regenerated as DC power for the functional device 500 through a power supply line.

Abstract: A heat exchange system is provided that includes an evaporator (11) that carries out heat exchange between exhaust gas discharged from an exhaust port (16B) and water, exhaust gas passages (87, 88) on the upstream side in the direction of flow of the exhaust gas being disposed on the radially inner side, an exhaust gas passage (89) on the downstream side being disposed on the radially outer side, and an oxygen concentration sensor cooling portion (92) for cooling a mounting section of an oxygen concentration sensor (91) facing the exhaust gas passage (87) on the most upstream side being positioned on the radially outer side of the exhaust gas passage (87). Water is supplied separately to a water passage (W3) of the evaporator (11) and a water passage (W4) of the oxygen concentration sensor cooling portion (92), and the water passage (W3) of the evaporator (11) is arranged so that the direction of flow of the water is opposite to the direction of flow of the exhaust gas.

Abstract: A cooling block forming a top wall of a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine is formed by layering, from the outside to the inside, a casing, an upper layer block, a middle layer block, and a lower layer block. Labyrinth-shaped cooling water passages are formed on upper side faces of the three layers of blocks, and cooling water supplied from a cooling water supply passage flows from the cooling water passage on the side far from the combustion chamber to the cooling water passage on the side close to the combustion chamber, and is discharged from a cooling water discharge passage. Since the cooling water flows in a direction opposite to the direction of emission of heat of combustion from the combustion chamber, it is possible to ensure that there is sufficient difference in temperature between a cylinder head and the cooling water throughout the cooling water passages.

Abstract: A heat exchange system is provided that includes an evaporator (11) that carries out heat exchange between exhaust gas discharged from an exhaust port (16B) and water, exhaust gas passages (87, 88) on the upstream side in the direction of flow of the exhaust gas being disposed on the radially inner side, an exhaust gas passage (89) on the downstream side being disposed on the radially outer side, and an oxygen concentration sensor cooling portion (92) for cooling a mounting section of an oxygen concentration sensor (91) facing the exhaust gas passage (87) on the most upstream side being positioned on the radially outer side of the exhaust gas passage (87). Water is supplied separately to a water passage (W3) of the evaporator (11) and a water passage (W4) of the oxygen concentration sensor cooling portion (92), and the water passage (W3) of the evaporator (11) is arranged so that the direction of flow of the water is opposite to the direction of flow of the exhaust gas.

Abstract: Heat transfer members (H4, H3, H2, H1) are sequentially disposed within an exhaust port (18), within a pre-catalytic device (34), and on the downstream of a main catalytic device (35); the exhaust port (18), the pre-catalytic device (34), and the main catalytic device (35) being provided in an exhaust passage (33) of an internal combustion engine. The heat transfer surface density (heat transfer area/volume) of the heat transfer members (H4) on the upstream side of the exhaust passage (33) is the lowest, and that of the heat transfer members (H1) on the downstream side is the highest. Thus, even though the temperature of the exhaust gas is higher on the upstream side of the exhaust passage (33) than it is on the downstream side of the exhaust passage (33), a uniform heat transfer performance across all of the heat exchangers (H4, H3, H2, H1) may be maintained.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is provided in which an exhaust port communicating with a combustion chamber formed in a cylinder head is formed from independent exhaust ports, which are positioned on the upstream side, and a grouped exhaust port, in which the plurality of independent exhaust ports are combined. Water supplied from a supply pump passes through a water passage of the grouped exhaust port and a water passage of the independent exhaust ports while cooling the exhaust port, and a valve seat and valve guide on the periphery of the exhaust port, which have high temperatures, thus heating the water itself and thereby recovering waste heat of the internal combustion engine. The heated water carries out heat exchange with exhaust gas in an evaporator provided in an exhaust passage and turns into high temperature, high pressure steam, which drives an expander of a Rankine cycle system.

Abstract: First heat exchangers (H4, H3, H2) are disposed within an exhaust port (18), within a pre-catalytic device (34), and on the downstream of a main catalytic device (35); the exhaust port (18), the pre-catalytic device (34), and the main catalytic device (35) being provided in each exhaust passage (33) of a multicylinder internal combustion engine. These first heat exchangers (H4, H3, H2) are independently provided for each of the exhaust passages (33), and a second heat exchanger (H1) is disposed in a section where these exhaust passages (33) are combined. Since the first heat exchangers (H4, H3, H2) are disposed on the upstream side of the exhaust passage (33), high heat exchange efficiency can be obtained by high temperature exhaust gas, and, moreover, the occurrence of exhaust interference can be avoided, thereby preventing any decrease in the output of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A heat exchange system is provided in which low temperature water from a supply pump (15) is split and supplied to an auxiliary evaporator (17) provided so as to cover an exhaust port (16) extending from a combustion chamber of an internal combustion chamber (E) and to a main evaporator (11) provided downstream of the exhaust port (16). The direction of water flowing through the auxiliary evaporator (17) is parallel to the direction of flow of exhaust gas, and as a result an upstream section of the exhaust port (16), which has a high temperature, can be cooled effectively with low temperature water, and the escape of heat from the upstream section of the exhaust port (16) can be suppressed.

Abstract: A waste heat recovering device for an internal combustion engine includes: an internal combustion engine; and an evaporator into which an exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine is introduced as a high temperature fluid. An exhaust gas inlet of the evaporator is placed adjacent to an exhaust valve of the internal combustion engine. Thus, there can be provided a waste heat recovering device having a high waste heat recovery rate.

Abstract: An evaporator (11) is provided that carries out heat exchange between exhaust gas discharged from an exhaust port (16B) of an internal combustion engine and water, the evaporator (11) including a large number of heat transfer plates (83) stacked at predetermined intervals from each other in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper and a large number of pipe members (90) running through the heat transfer plates (83) and being connected in a zigzag shape at opposite ends, and exhaust gas passages (87, 88, 89) being defined between the heat transfer plates (83) by a partition wall (86) formed by making projections formed on the heat transfer plates (83) abut against each other. While passing through the exhaust gas passages (87, 88, 89), the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust port (16B) carries out heat exchange with water flowing through the pipe members (90), and the water that has received the thermal energy of the exhaust gas turns into high temperature, high pressure steam.

Abstract: There is provided an evaporator (23) disposed between an exhaust manifold (22) and an exhaust pipe (24), the evaporator (23) including, in sequence from the upstream side toward the downstream side, a first exhaust gas passage (56) having a third stage heat exchanger (H3), a second exhaust gas passage (55) having a second stage heat exchanger (H2), and a third exhaust gas passage (50) having a first stage heat exchanger (H1). Formed in the annular second exhaust gas passage (55) of the second stage heat exchanger (H2) is a spiral passage divided by a spiral heat transfer plate (68), and arranged in a spiral shape so as to follow the heat transfer plate (68) are a plurality of undulating heat transfer tubes (67) that are stacked out of phase.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is provided in which an exhaust port (16) communicating with a combustion chamber (24) formed in a cylinder head (20) is formed from independent exhaust ports (16A), which are positioned on the upstream side, and a grouped exhaust port (16B), in which the plurality of independent exhaust ports (16A) are combined. Water supplied from a supply pump passes through a water passage (W1) of the grouped exhaust port (16B) and a water passage (W2) of the independent exhaust ports (16A) while cooling the exhaust port (16), and a valve seat (29) and valve guide (40) on the periphery of the exhaust port (16), which have high temperatures, thus heating the water itself and thereby recovering waste heat of the internal combustion engine. The heated water carries out heat exchange with exhaust gas in an evaporator provided in an exhaust passage and turns into high temperature, high pressure steam, which drives an expander of a Rankine cycle system.