Abstract: In a CMOS image sensor in which a plurality of pixels is arranged in a matrix, a transistor in which a channel formation region includes an oxide semiconductor is used for each of a charge accumulation control transistor and a reset transistor which are in a pixel portion. After a reset operation of the signal charge accumulation portion is performed in all the pixels arranged in the matrix, a charge accumulation operation by the photodiode is performed in all the pixels, and a read operation of a signal from the pixel is performed per row. Accordingly, an image can be taken without a distortion.

Abstract: In a CMOS image sensor in which a plurality of pixels is arranged in a matrix, a transistor in which a channel formation region includes an oxide semiconductor is used for each of a charge accumulation control transistor and a reset transistor which are in a pixel portion. After a reset operation of the signal charge accumulation portion is performed in all the pixels arranged in the matrix, a charge accumulation operation by the photodiode is performed in all the pixels, and a read operation of a signal from the pixel is performed per row. Accordingly, an image can be taken without a distortion.

Abstract: A core network connected to a mobile communication network and establishing voice communication between communication apparatuses receives a connection request that includes an identifier identifying a terminating communication apparatus, from the mobile communication network, to which an originating mobile communication apparatus is connected, and temporarily signals a first codec candidate that should be used by the originating mobile communication apparatus to the originating mobile communication apparatus. Then, the core network determines at least one codec that can be used in the terminating communication apparatus.

Abstract: Influence of external light is suppressed. With a photodetector including a photodetector circuit which generates a data signal in accordance with illuminance of incident light and a light unit which overlaps with the photodetector circuit, a first data signal is generated by the photodetector circuit when the light unit is in an ON state, a second data signal is formed by the photodetector circuit when the light unit is in an OFF state, and the first data signal and the second data signal are compared, so that a difference data signal that is data of a difference between the two compared data signals is generated.

Abstract: To reduce power consumption. Included are a selection signal output circuit, a reset signal output circuit, and a plurality of photodetector circuits. After the selection signal output circuit outputs part of the selection signals, output of the other selection signals from the selection signal output circuit is stopped. After the reset signal output circuit outputs part of the reset signals, output of the other reset signals from the reset signal output circuit is stopped.

Abstract: To reduce power consumption, included are a selection signal output circuit, a reset signal output circuit, and a photodetector circuit. The selection signal output circuit is for outputting a selection signal. The reset signal output circuit is for outputting a reset signal. The photodetector circuit is supplied with the reset signal and the selection signal, is brought into a reset state in accordance with the input reset signal, generates a voltage corresponding to the illuminance of incident light when light enters the photodetector circuit, and outputs the generated voltage as a data signal in accordance with the input selection signal. In a first period, the reset signal output circuit and the selection signal output circuit output the reset signal and the selection signal, respectively. In a second period, stopped are output of the reset signal from the reset signal output circuit and output of the selection signal from the selection signal output circuit.

Abstract: In a CMOS image sensor in which a plurality of pixels is arranged in a matrix, a transistor in which a channel formation region includes an oxide semiconductor is used for each of a charge accumulation control transistor and a reset transistor which are in a pixel portion. After a reset operation of the signal charge accumulation portion is performed in all the pixels arranged in the matrix, a charge accumulation operation by the photodiode is performed in all the pixels, and a read operation of a signal from the pixel is performed per row. Accordingly, an image can be taken without a distortion.

Abstract: A drying method in which a substrate on which a coating liquid such as a resist liquid containing a volatile solvent is applied is dried under a reduced pressure in an airtight container, and an inert gas is then supplied in the container, so that flows do not concentrate and accumulate in the center portion includes placing the substrate in the container, reducing pressure in the container by exhausting air through an exhaust channel using an exhaust mechanism and volatizing the solvent, and returning the container to atmospheric pressure by supplying an inert gas through a supply channel using a supply mechanism after the reducing step. The supply mechanism includes long purge nozzles ejecting the gas inside the container and spaced from and parallel to two opposed substrate edges. The returning step is performed by the nozzles ejecting the gas toward inside walls of the container opposite to the substrate.

Abstract: A method of measuring polarization mode dispersion of an optical fiber includes inputting linearly polarized pulse light into an optical fiber, separating the input linearly polarized light from backscattered light from the optical fiber, detecting a light intensity of the backscattered light as time series data since the generation of the pulse light, calculating a fluctuation of the detected light intensity in the time series data, and evaluating polarization mode dispersion in the optical fiber, based on the calculated fluctuation value.

Abstract: An optical fiber includes: a core at a center; a first cladding layer; a second cladding layer; and a third cladding layer. A maximum refractive index of the core is greater than any of maximum refractive indices of the first cladding layer, the second cladding layer, and the third cladding layer, and the maximum refractive index of the second cladding layer is smaller than any of the maximum refractive indices of the first and the third cladding layer. Additionally, a ratio of a2/a1 is not less than about 2.5 and not more than about 4.5, where a1 represents the radius of the core, and a2 represents the radius of an outer periphery of the first cladding layer, and a relative refractive index difference of the core with respect to a maximum refractive index of the third cladding layer is not less than 0.20% and not more than 0.70%.

Abstract: An optical fiber includes: a core at a center; a first cladding layer; a second cladding layer; and a third cladding layer. A maximum refractive index of the core is greater than any of maximum refractive indices of the first cladding layer, the second cladding layer, and the third cladding layer, and the maximum refractive index of the second cladding layer is smaller than any of the maximum refractive indices of the first and the third cladding layer. Additionally, a ratio of a2/a1 is not less than about 2.5 and not more than about 4.5, where a1 represents the radius of the core, and a2 represents the radius of an outer periphery of the first cladding layer, and a relative refractive index difference of the core with respect to a maximum refractive index of the third cladding layer is not less than 0.20% and not more than 0.70%.

Abstract: A method of measuring polarization mode dispersion of an optical fiber includes inputting linearly polarized pulse light into an optical fiber, separating the input linearly polarized light from backscattered light from the optical fiber, detecting a light intensity of the backscattered light as time series data since the generation of the pulse light, calculating a fluctuation of the detected light intensity in the time series data, and evaluating polarization mode dispersion in the optical fiber, based on the calculated fluctuation value.

Abstract: An undergarment formed from a tubular mixed knitted fabric that comprises a poly(trimethylene terephthalate) fiber crimped yarn and a short fiber, a blending ratio of the crimped yarn is 15 to 60% by weight, a blending ratio of the short fiber is 30 to 85% by weight, and the tubular mixed knitted fabric has a course number of from 30 to 70 courses/2.54 cm and a wale number of from 30 to 70 wales/2.54 cm.

Abstract: The present invention provides a warp knitted fabric containing a latent crimp fiber but no elastic fiber, and showing a stretchability of 60% or more in both the warp and weft directions, and a residual strain at 60% elongation recovery of 15% or less in both the warp and weft directions. The warp knitted fabric of the present invention shows little lowering of the stretchable functions during dyeing at high temperature, repeated washing, repeated stretching, or the like treatment, and is excellent in elongation recovery due to the high stretchability, surface smoothness and shape retention.

Abstract: The present invention provides a warp knitted fabric containing a latent crimp fiber but no elastic fiber, and showing a stretchability of 60% or more in both the warp and weft directions, and a residual strain at 60% elongation recovery of 15% or less in both the warp and weft directions. The warp knitted fabric of the present invention shows little lowering of the stretchable functions during dyeing at high temperature, repeated washing, repeated stretching, or the like treatment, and is excellent in elongation recovery due to the high stretchability, surface smoothness and shape retention.

Abstract: A weft knitted fabric made from a poly(trimethylene terephthalate) fiber yarn and not containing other elastic yarns such as a polyurethane yarn, a polyester type elastic yarn and a polyester ether type elastic yarn, and showing an elongation under constant load in a range from 80 to 250% in the weft direction under a load of 19.6N per 2.5 cm, an elongation elastic modulus after elongation by 50% of 80% or more in the weft direction, a fabric weight per square meter in a range from 80 to 500 g/m2, a bulk density in a range from 0.28 to 0.60 g/cm3 and a shear rigidity G in a range from 0.28 to 1.50 cN/cm•deg.

Abstract: The present invention provides an undergarment formed from a tubular knitted fabric that comprises a poly(trimethylene terephthalate) fiber crimped yarn in a blending ratio of 15% by weight or more, the tubular knitted fabric having a course number of from 30 to 70 courses/2.54 cm and a wale number of from 30 to 70 wales/2.54 cm. The undergarment of the present invention has a soft feeling, shows excellent stretchability and an excellent elongation recovery in both the warp and weft directions, and is excellent in durability and/or a comfort to the wearer.

Abstract: A stretchable nonwoven fabric manufactured by using a hydrogenated block copolymer obtained by hydrogenating a block copolymer including polymer blocks A constituted mainly by a vinyl aromatic compound and a polymer block B constituted mainly by a conjugated diene compound, at least one polymer block B being arranged on an end of a polymer chain of the block copolymer, as a raw material. The spinning property and characteristics of the nonwoven fabric can be further improved by adding a polyolefin to the above raw material.The obtained stretchable nonwoven fabric has a superior strength, extension characteristics, i.e., elongation and extension recovery, and weathering resistance, and can be broadly used for many applications due to those characteristics.

Abstract: A nonwoven fabric having a weight per unit area of 5 g/m.sup.2 to 500 g/m.sup.2 composed of a polyallyene sulfide fiber having a mean fiber diameter of 0.1 .mu.m to 8.0 .mu.m is provided. The nonwoven fabric of extra fine polyallylene sulfide fibers has superior heat resistance, wet heat resistance, resistance to chemicals and fire retardant properties, suitable for various filter applications.

Abstract: The disclosed composite fabric, useful as a substratum for artificial leather, comprises a woven or knitted frabic and at least one non-woven fabric firmly bonded to the woven or knitted fabric, and is produced by providing a precursory sheet with two or more layers from a woven or knitted fabric and one or more fibrous webs which consist of numerous extremely fine fibers having an average diameter of from 0.1 to 6.0 microns, and uniformly impacting the fibrous web surface of the precursory sheet with numerous fluid jets ejected under a high pressure of from 15 to 100 kg/cm.sup.2, at a ratio of a total impact area of the fluid jets on the precursory sheet surface to an area of the precursory sheet surface to be impacted of at least 1.