Abstract: The present disclosure provides a positive electrode active material having a spinel-type crystal structure that can reduce an increase in resistance and a decrease in capacity retention rate due to repeated charging and discharging of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery. The positive electrode active material disclosed herein is configured of a lithium manganese composite oxide having a spinel-type crystal structure, wherein the lithium manganese composite oxide includes secondary particles in which a plurality of primary particles are aggregated, an average particle diameter of the secondary particles based on a SEM image is 10 ?m or more and 20 ?m or less, an average particle diameter of the primary particles based on a SEM image is 4 ?m or more and 8 ?m or less, and nickel atoms are provided in the surface layer portion of the secondary particles.

Abstract: A vertical bag-making/filling/packaging machine (1) comprises; a top folding portion (20) which forms a first fold (F1) by folding a side of a band-shaped film (F) into a Z-shape; a bottom folding portion (30) which forms a second fold (F5) by folding a center of the film (F) into an M-shape; a top seal portion (40) which forms a top gusset (G3) and a spout portion (G7) protruding from the top gusset (G3) by heat-welding the first fold (F1) and side edges (E1 and E2) of the film (F) so as to make the film (F) into a tube shape; and a bottom-seal portion (50) which forms a bottom gusset (G4) by heat-welding the second fold (F5).

Abstract: Clustering can be performed using a self-expression matrix in which noise is suppressed. A self-expression matrix is calculated that minimizes an objective function that is for obtaining, from among matrices included in a predetermined matrix set, a self-expression matrix whose elements are linear weights when data points in a data set are expressed by linear combinations of points, the objective function being represented by a term for obtaining the residual between data points in the data set and data points expressed by linear combinations of points using the self-expression matrix, a first regularization term that is multiplied by a predetermined weight and is for reducing linear weights of the data points that have a large Euclidean norm in the self-expression matrix, and a second regularization term for the self-expression matrix. A similarity matrix defined by the calculated self-expression matrix is then calculated.

Abstract: An anomaly detection technique which realizes high accuracy while reducing cost required for normal model learning is provided. An anomaly detection apparatus includes an anomaly degree estimating unit configured to estimate an anomaly degree indicating a degree of anomaly of anomaly detection target equipment from sound emitted from the anomaly detection target equipment (hereinafter, referred to as anomaly detection target sound) based on association between a first probability distribution indicating distribution of normal sound emitted from one or more pieces of equipment different from the anomaly detection target equipment and normal sound emitted from the anomaly detection target equipment (hereinafter, referred to as normal sound for adaptive learning).

Abstract: Clustering can be performed using a self-expression matrix in which noise is suppressed. A self-expression matrix is calculated that minimizes an objective function that is for obtaining, from among matrices included in a predetermined matrix set, a self-expression matrix whose elements are linear weights when data points in a data set are expressed by linear combinations of points, the objective function being represented by a term for obtaining the residual between data points in the data set and data points expressed by linear combinations of points using the self-expression matrix, a first regularization term that is multiplied by a predetermined weight and is for reducing linear weights of the data points that have a large Euclidean norm in the self-expression matrix, and a second regularization term for the self-expression matrix. A similarity matrix defined by the calculated self-expression matrix is then calculated.

Abstract: An optical-recording medium is provided with at least a first recording layer for recording information optically; and a second recording layer for recording information optically by a light beam that passes through said first recording layer; wherein the track pitch of a recording track that is formed on said second recording layer is narrower than the track pitch of a recording track that is formed on said first recording layer.

Abstract: An information recording medium has an excellent jitter characteristic with a considerable difference in reflectance between prior to and subsequent to recording. The information recording medium includes a recording layer which contains a material having a reflectance which varies by irradiation of a light beam, on which information is recorded as reflectance variations, and a substrate for supporting the recording layer, the recording layer including a metal nitride as a major component.

Abstract: An optical-recording medium is provided with at least a first recording layer for recording information optically; and a second recording layer for recording information optically by a light beam that passes through said first recording layer; wherein the track pitch of a recording track that is formed on said second recording layer is narrower than the track pitch of a recording track that is formed on said first recording layer.

Abstract: An optical recording medium records information so that a recording density of a first recording layer 11 at the most distant part from a incidence plane of laser beam is higher than that of a second recording layer 13 at the incidence plane side.

Abstract: An optical recording medium includes a recording layer containing an alloy represented by a general formula: (TixM1x)yM2y, where element M1 is Si or Al, element M2 is an element selected from the group consisting of Si, Al and Fe and different from the element M1, x is equal to or larger than 0.3 and equal to or smaller than 0.8, and y is equal to or larger than 0.75 and equal to or smaller than 1. The thus constituted optical recording medium only places minimal load on the global environment.

Abstract: An information recording medium has an excellent jitter characteristic with a considerable difference in reflectance between prior to and subsequent to recording. The information recording medium includes a recording layer which contains a material having a reflectance which varies by irradiation of a light beam, on which information is recorded as reflectance variations, and a substrate for supporting the recording layer, the recording layer including a metal nitride as a major component.

Abstract: An optical disk with multi-layered structure provided with at least two recording layers is provided. In respective recording layers, tracks are formed, and the track is formed such that the amount of eccentricity is different in respective recording layers. In the method for identifying the recording layer which identifies the recording layer of the optical disk, the recording layer is identified by detecting the amount of the eccentricity set to the track of the respective recording layers.

Abstract: An optical recording medium includes a recording layer containing as a primary component an alloy containing at least two elements selected from the group consisting of Fe, Al and Si and the alloy contained in the recording layer as a primary component has a composition [x1, y1, z1] in terms of the ternary composition diagram that falls within a region of a pentagon defined by straight lines connecting points [57, 43, 0], [0, 55, 45], [15, 0, 85], [89, 11, 0] and [0, 16, 84] in the ternary composition diagram. According to the thus configured optical recording medium, only minimal load is placed on the global environment.

Abstract: A stack “0” having a recording layer serving to transmit a light beam includes a heat dissipating layer, a reflective layer, an enhanced layer, and the recording layer, which are formed in that order on an intermediate layer. The reflective layer is translucent to a light beam, while the heat dissipating layer has a thermal conductivity higher than that of the intermediate layer as well as a refractive index higher than or equal to that of the intermediate layer and less than or equal to a refractive index 3. The thickness of the heat dissipating layer is set to a value within the range of a predetermined condition defined in accordance with a refractive index, the wavelength of the light beam, and a given integer. Thus, an information read/write medium configured to enable information to be recorded/reproduced thereon/therefrom as well as to effectively cool a recording layer serving to transmit a light beam is provided.

Abstract: An optical recording medium includes a recording layer containing as a primary component an alloy containing at least two elements selected from the group consisting of Fe, Al and Si and the alloy contained in the recording layer as a primary component has a composition [x1, y1, z1] in terms of the ternary composition diagram that falls within a region of a pentagon defined by straight lines connecting points [57, 43, 0], [0, 55, 45], [15, 0, 85], [89, 11, 0] and [0, 16, 84] in the ternary composition diagram.

Abstract: An optical recording medium includes a recording layer containing an alloy represented by a general formula: (TixM11-x)yM21-y, where element M1 is Si or Al, element M2 is an element selected from the group consisting of Si, Al and Fe and different from the element M1, x is equal to or larger than 0.3 and equal to or smaller than 0.8, and y is equal to or larger than 0.75 and equal to or smaller than 1.

Abstract: An information recording medium has a light transmissive layer, a first information recording layer, a transparent layer, and a second information recording layer sequentially stacked to reproduce information signals upon exposure of the light transmissive layer to laser light, wherein the first information recording layer comprises a first protective layer, a phase change recording film, and a second protective layer sequentially from the light transmissive layer, and the rate of power fluctuation between a reproducing light passing through a recorded region of the first information recording layer and that passing through an unrecorded region of the first information recording layer during reproduction of the information signals from the second information recording layer, are within 10%, whereby the information signals can be recorded/reproduced on/from the second information recording layer through the first information recording layer satisfactorily.

Abstract: An optical recording medium records information so that a recording density of a first recording layer 11 at the most distant part from a incidence plane of laser beam is higher than that of a second recording layer 13 at the incidence plane side.

Abstract: A stamper having a good cost performance, which can be easily separated (released) from a layer of photo-curing resin, is provided. A process for producing an optical multi-layer recording medium having a good productivity is also provided by using such a stamper. The process for producing an optical multi-layer recording medium includes the steps of: laminating a layer of non-cured photo-curing resin and a transparent stamper made of amorphous polyolefin resin in this sequence on a substrate; curing the non-cured photo-curing resin with light permeated through the transparent stamper; and removing the transparent stamper.

Abstract: A stack “0” having a recording layer serving to transmit a light beam includes a heat dissipating layer, a reflective layer, an enhanced layer, and the recording layer, which are formed in that order on an intermediate layer. The reflective layer is translucent to a light beam, while the heat dissipating layer has a thermal conductivity higher than that of the intermediate layer as well as a refractive index higher than or equal to that of the intermediate layer and less than or equal to a refractive index 3. The thickness of the heat dissipating layer is set to a value within the range of a predetermined condition defined in accordance with a refractive index, the wavelength of the light beam, and a given integer. Thus, an information read/write medium configured to enable information to be recorded/reproduced thereon/therefrom as well as to effectively cool a recording layer serving to transmit a light beam is provided.