Abstract: A gas sensor includes a solid electrolyte body provided with a measured gas side electrode and a reference gas side electrode, a heater in the solid electrolyte body, a housing for holding the solid electrolyte body therein, and a cover for covering the solid electrolyte body. The cover has a large-diameter cover portion positioned on an outer circumferential side of the solid electrolyte body, a small-diameter cover portion positioned adjacent to a tip side of the large-diameter cover portion and formed smaller than the large-diameter cover portion, and a stepped portion connecting the small-diameter cover portion and the large-diameter cover portion. A first through hole is formed at a tip of the small-diameter cover portion. A second through hole is formed at a plurality of positions in a circumferential direction of the stepped portion.

Abstract: A gas sensor includes a housing, an insulator, an inner cover, and an outer cover. An inner peripheral hole of the housing includes a rear end side hole and a front end side hole portion and a rear end side hole portion. A step portion which is formed in a slant shape is provided at a boundary between the front end side hole portion and the rear end side hole portion. The inner cover has a large-diameter portion which faces the step portion. The insulator has a flange which holds the large-diameter portion between itself and the step portion. A burr is formed on the surface of the large-diameter portion. The burr faces the surface of the step portion. This avoids inclination of the cover relative to the inner peripheral hole of the housing and obviates the risk of damage to or breakage of a device body.

Abstract: A gas sensor includes a sensor device, a device-side insulator porcelain, an atmospheric side insulator porcelain, a housing, a seal disposed between the housing and the device-side insulator porcelain, and an atmospheric side cover. The atmospheric side cover includes a large-diameter portion, a small-diameter portion, and a shoulder portion formed therebetween. The shoulder portion presses a base end surface of the atmospheric side insulator porcelain to a front end side through a biasing member to place the atmospheric side insulator porcelain in contact with the device-side insulator porcelain. The shoulder portion is defined by a contact portion placed in contact with the biasing member and a detached portion separate from the biasing member to form a communication path which communicates between an outer space and an outside path.

Abstract: A gas sensor includes a sensor device, a device-side insulator porcelain, an atmospheric side insulator porcelain, a housing, a seal disposed between the housing and the device-side insulator porcelain, and an atmospheric side cover. The atmospheric side cover includes a large-diameter portion, a small-diameter portion, and a shoulder portion formed therebetween. The shoulder portion presses a base end surface of the atmospheric side insulator porcelain to a front end side through a biasing member to place the atmospheric side insulator porcelain in contact with the device-side insulator porcelain. The shoulder portion is defined by a contact portion placed in contact with the biasing member and a detached portion separate from the biasing member to form a communication path which communicates between an outer space and an outside path.

Abstract: A gas sensor includes a solid electrolyte body provided with a measured gas side electrode and a reference gas side electrode, a heater in the solid electrolyte body, a housing for holding the solid electrolyte body therein, and a cover for covering the solid electrolyte body. The cover has a large-diameter cover portion positioned on an outer circumferential side of the solid electrolyte body, a small-diameter cover portion positioned adjacent to a tip side of the large-diameter cover portion and formed smaller than the large-diameter cover portion, and a stepped portion connecting the small-diameter cover portion and the large-diameter cover portion. A first through hole is formed at a tip of the small-diameter cover portion. A second through hole is formed at a plurality of positions in a circumferential direction of the stepped portion.

Abstract: A gas sensor includes a housing, an insulator, an inner cover, and an outer cover. An inner peripheral hole of the housing includes a rear end side hole and a front end side hole portion and a rear end side hole portion. A step portion which is formed in a slant shape is provided at a boundary between the front end side hole portion and the rear end side hole portion. The inner cover has a large-diameter portion which faces the step portion. The insulator has a flange which holds the large-diameter portion between itself and the step portion. A burr is formed on the surface of the large-diameter portion. The burr faces the surface of the step portion. This avoids inclination of the cover relative to the inner peripheral hole of the housing and obviates the risk of damage to or breakage of a device body.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave shielding building material is disclosed, the building material comprising an electrically conductive concrete which has electromagnetic wave shielding properties and comprises a hydraulic inorganic material and carbon fibers of 0.6-3% by weight. It is possible to easily produce the building material having good electromagnetic wave shielding functions at low cost.

Abstract: A car body for railway rolling stock wherein a plurality of outside plates forming the car body are joined to frame members of the car body by spot welding. The outside plates are produced of a ferrous material except for stainless steel and a film or coating is provided on an outside surface of the outside plates. By virtue of the joining of the outside plates to the frame members and the joining of the outside plates to each other by spot welding, less input heat is required as compared with a continuous welding; therefore, outside plate distortion can be reduced and time and labor for manufacturing of the car body can be reduced. Moreover, since the outside plates are produced of a ferrous material, the painting of the outside surfaces of the outside plates can easily be accomplished.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave shielding transparent body comprising one or more transparent sheets, a transparent conductive layer formed as a first electric conductor on at least one of said transparent sheets, and a second electric conductor separated from said transparent conductive layer.

Abstract: In a building having electromagnetically shielded sections formed by using electromagnetic shielding members as structural members for outer walls, floors an so forth, a zone partitioned with a bearing wall structure having walls such as a fire wall (12) reaching a floor slab is formed as a unit of the electromagnetically shielded space, thereby eliminating the need for an additional process of forming a rising portion or a partition formed on a partition wall formed below a double-ceiling. At the connection between the floor slab and the wall, a space formed therebetween is filled with asbestos (42), and the floor slab and the wall are integrally connected electrically, and a space between a column (51) and a floor decking plate (52) is covered with a shielding plate (54) while the floor slab is fabricated in an ordinary manner, thus forming electromagnetically shielded sections.

Abstract: An electromagnetic shield-type doorway for a building is provided with two doors having a curved passageway between them. By lengthening the passageway to such an extent that the two doors cannot be opened simultaneously, electric waves can be blocked at either of the doors. The electromagnetic shielding effect can be enhanced by installing a revolving door in the passageway and attaching electrically conductive brushes to at least the lower edge and one side edge of the revolving door to fill the gaps at these edges. In a system for electromagnetically shielding a building, a doorway passageway of the building is partitioned by three or more doorways each having an electromagnetic shielding function. When persons leaving and exiting a building simultaneously approach entrance and exit doors at the ends of the doorway passageway so that these doors open at the same time, the central doorway remains closed to maintain the integrity of the electromagnetic shield.

Abstract: A building with an electromagnetic shield structure for individual floors uses an electromagnetic shielding material in a body of the building and in openings such as windows and doorways, and the external wall surface of the building is covered with an electromagnetic shielding layer. An electromagnetically shielded space within the building is divided into individual floors by floor partitions using an electromagnetic shielding material. Wireless communication utilizing electric waves is carried out within the building, with the same frequency band or any desired frequency band being allotted to each floor. With the above arrangement, sets of communications equipment using the same frequency band on one floor can communicate with one another without interfering with sets on another floor, even though the sets of equipment on the other floors use the same frequency band.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for detecting and processing an abnormality in electromagnetic shielding for use in an intelligent building which is constructed using an electromagnetic shielding material for the skeleton and openings such as windows and doorways so that the whole of the building is formed into an electromagnetic shielding structure in order to carry out radio communication inside the building. The system has radio wave detecting means for detecting an external radio wave inside the building, level judging means for judging the level of an external radio wave detected by the radio wave detecting means, and processing means for detecting and processing an abnormality on the basis of an output from the level judging means, whereby an abnormality in the electromagnetic shielding performance is detected on the basis of the intensity level of a detected radio wave intruding into the building from the outside.

Abstract: Disclosed is a radio wave leakage diagnosing system for use in an intelligent building which is constructed using an electromagnetic shielding material for the skeleton and openings such as windows and doorways so that the whole of the building is formed into an electromagnetic shielding structure. The system has a radio wave detector disposed outside the building for detecting a predetermined radio wave transmitted from each floor of the building, so that a floor, togethere with a specific position, where there is a leakage of radio wave is detected on the basis of the intensity of the detected radio wave. With this arrangement, a predetermined radio wave is transmitted from each floor of the building and the transmitted radio wave is detected by the radio wave detector.

Abstract: In a building in which electromagnetic shielding members are used in a body of the building and at openings such as windows, entrances and exits to provide the overall building with electromagnetic shielding, a window glass and a window frame are each provided with an electromagnetic shielding body formed so as to be electrically integrated with a grounded connection of a building structure. This enables the window openings to be provided with an electromagnetic shielding effect through simple construction work irrespective of the structure, shape and material of the window opening. Further, an earth bond is obtained between a sash frame and iron rods for reinforcing the concrete of the building body. This makes it possible to ground the sash frame in a simple manner without exposing it, and to obtain an electromagnetic shielding effect, merely by providing the earth bond between the reinforcing rods and sash frame before the concrete is poured.