Abstract: A control apparatus configured to control a power unit of a vehicle includes an electronic control unit configured to i) store a set of measurement values of at least one physical parameter representing a plurality of conditions of the power unit; ii) approximate the stored set of the measurement values, by mixed probability distribution, so as to obtain a first probability distribution of the measurement values representing a first condition, and a second probability distribution of the measurement values representing a second condition; iii) set a discrimination boundary between values representing the first condition and values representing the second condition, between mean values of the first probability distribution and the second probability distribution; and iv) control the power unit, according to a result of comparison between a measurement value and the discrimination boundary.

Abstract: A control device of an internal combustion engine using a neural network. When a value of an operating parameter of the engine is outside a preset range, the number of nodes of a hidden layer one layer before an output layer of the neural network is increased and training data obtained by actual measurement with respect to a newly acquired value of an operating parameter of the engine is used to learn a weight of the neural network so that a difference between the output value changing corresponding to the value of the operating parameter of the engine and training data corresponding to the value of the operating parameter of the engine becomes smaller.

Abstract: A control device of an internal combustion engine using a neural network, wherein an output value obtained by experiments is made training data for a value of an operating parameter of the engine in a presumed usable range, while an output value obtained by prediction without relying on experiments is made training data for a value of the operating parameter of the engine outside of the presumed usable range. The training data obtained by experiments and the training data obtained by prediction are used to learn the weights and the biases of the neural network so that an output value which changes in accordance with a value of an operating parameter of the engine matches the training data, and thereby even outside of the presumed usable range of the operating parameter, the output value can be suitably estimated.

Abstract: An actuator includes: a pair of supporting beams to support an object from both sides thereof in a direction parallel to an axis of rotation; a pair of movable beams to sandwich the object and the pair of supporting beams from both sides in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation; a plurality of beams to sandwich the pair of movable frames from both sides thereof in the direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation and support the object; a resonant drive source to apply bending vibration to the pair of movable frames and drive the object around the axis of rotation when a resonant drive operation is performed; and a non-resonant drive source to apply bending vibration to the plurality of beams and tilt and drive the object around a second axis of rotation perpendicular to the axis of rotation when a non-resonant drive operation is performed.

Abstract: An actuator includes: a pair of supporting beams to support an object from both sides thereof in a direction parallel to an axis of rotation; a pair of movable beams to sandwich the object and the pair of supporting beams from both sides in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation; a plurality of beams to sandwich the pair of movable frames from both sides thereof in the direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation and support the object; a resonant drive source to apply bending vibration to the pair of movable frames and drive the object around the axis of rotation when a resonant drive operation is performed; and a non-resonant drive source to apply bending vibration to the plurality of beams and tilt and drive the object around a second axis of rotation perpendicular to the axis of rotation when a non-resonant drive operation is performed.

Abstract: An actuator which tilts and drives an object to be driven around an axis of rotation includes: a pair of supporting beams arranged to support the object to be driven from both sides thereof in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation; a pair of movable beams arranged to sandwich the object to be driven and the pair of supporting beams from both sides in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation; a drive source arranged to apply bending vibration to the movable frames; and a pair of connection parts arranged to connect the movable frames and end portions of the supporting beams by a multiple-beam structure, convert the bending vibration into torsional vibration, and transmit the torsional vibration to the supporting beams.

Abstract: An actuator which tilts and drives an object to be driven around an axis of rotation includes: a pair of supporting beams arranged to support the object to be driven from both sides thereof in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation; a pair of movable beams arranged to sandwich the object to be driven and the pair of supporting beams from both sides in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation; a drive source arranged to apply bending vibration to the movable frames; and a pair of connection parts arranged to connect the movable frames and end portions of the supporting beams by a multiple-beam structure, convert the bending vibration into torsional vibration, and transmit the torsional vibration to the supporting beams.

Abstract: A cylinder inflow exhaust gas amount calculation system of an internal combustion engine provided with an intake passage, an exhaust passage, an exhaust gas recirculation passage connecting the intake passage and exhaust passage, and an exhaust gas flow rate control valve arranged in the exhaust gas recirculation passage for controlling the flow rate of the exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust gas recirculation passage, and the system calculating an amount of cylinder inflow exhaust gas defined as an amount of exhaust gas flowing into a cylinder, utilizing an amount of passage exhaust gas defined as an amount of exhaust gas passing through the exhaust gas flow rate control valve, wherein an amount of cylinder inflow exhaust gas is calculated considering the dead time corresponding to the time taken until the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust gas flow rate control valve reaches the cylinder and a tracking lag of a change in the amount of cylinder inflow exhaust gas with respect to a change in the amount of

Abstract: A device for controlling an internal combustion engine, comprising a variable valve mechanism for varying opening areas (valve lift) or the working angles (valve-opening periods) of at least either the intake valves or the exhaust valves, wherein a pressure in the cylinder is calculated based on the opening area or the working angle of at least either the intake valve or the exhaust valve varied by the variable valve mechanism, and the internal combustion engine is controlled based on the pressure in the cylinder. Upon calculating the pressure in the cylinder based on the opening areas or the working angles of the intake and exhaust valves, it is possible to more suitably control the internal combustion engine based not only upon the peak combustion pressure in the cylinder like when a combustion pressure sensor is used but also upon a pressure in the cylinder at a moment other than the peak combustion pressure.

Abstract: A cylinder inflow exhaust gas amount calculation system of an internal combustion engine provided with an intake passage, an exhaust passage, an exhaust gas recirculation passage connecting the intake passage and exhaust passage, and an exhaust gas flow rate control valve arranged in the exhaust gas recirculation passage for controlling the flow rate of the exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust gas recirculation passage, and the system calculating an amount of cylinder inflow exhaust gas defined as an amount of exhaust gas flowing into a cylinder, utilizing an amount of passage exhaust gas defined as an amount of exhaust gas passing through the exhaust gas flow rate control valve, wherein an amount of cylinder inflow exhaust gas is calculated considering the dead time corresponding to the time taken until the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust gas flow rate control valve reaches the cylinder and a tracking lag of a change in the amount of cylinder inflow exhaust gas with respect to a change in the amount of

Abstract: A device for controlling an internal combustion engine, comprising a variable valve mechanism for varying opening areas (valve lift) or the working angles (valve-opening periods) of at least either the intake valves or the exhaust valves, wherein a pressure in the cylinder is calculated based on the opening area or the working angle of at least either the intake valve or the exhaust valve varied by the variable valve mechanism, and the internal combustion engine is controlled based on the pressure in the cylinder. Upon calculating the pressure in the cylinder based on the opening areas or the working angles of the intake and exhaust valves, it is possible to more suitably control the internal combustion engine based not only upon the peak combustion pressure in the cylinder like when a combustion pressure sensor is used but also upon a pressure in the cylinder at a moment other than the peak combustion pressure.

Abstract: A device for controlling an internal combustion engine, comprising a variable valve mechanism for varying opening areas (valve lift) or the working angles (valve-opening periods) of at least either the intake valves or the exhaust valves, wherein a pressure in the cylinder is calculated based on the opening area or the working angle of at least either the intake valve or the exhaust valve varied by the variable valve mechanism, and the internal combustion engine is controlled based on the pressure in the cylinder. Upon calculating the pressure in the cylinder based on the opening areas or the working angles of the intake and exhaust valves, it is possible to more suitably control the internal combustion engine based not only upon the peak combustion pressure in the cylinder like when a combustion pressure sensor is used but also upon a pressure in the cylinder at a moment other than the peak combustion pressure.

Abstract: A device for controlling an internal combustion engine, comprising a variable valve mechanism for varying opening areas (valve lift) or the working angles (valve-opening periods) of at least either the intake valves or the exhaust valves, wherein a pressure in the cylinder is calculated based on the opening area or the working angle of at least either the intake valve or the exhaust valve varied by the variable valve mechanism, and the internal combustion engine is controlled based on the pressure in the cylinder. Upon calculating the pressure in the cylinder based on the opening areas or the working angles of the intake and exhaust valves, it is possible to more suitably control the internal combustion engine based not only upon the peak combustion pressure in the cylinder like when a combustion pressure sensor is used but also upon a pressure in the cylinder at a moment other than the peak combustion pressure.

Abstract: A device for controlling an internal combustion engine, comprising a variable valve mechanism for varying opening areas (valve lift) or the working angles (valve-opening periods) of at least either the intake valves or the exhaust valves, wherein a pressure in the cylinder is calculated based on the opening area or the working angle of at least either the intake valve or the exhaust valve varied by the variable valve mechanism, and the internal combustion engine is controlled based on the pressure in the cylinder. Upon calculating the pressure in the cylinder based on the opening areas or the working angles of the intake and exhaust valves, it is possible to more suitably control the internal combustion engine based not only upon the peak combustion pressure in the cylinder like when a combustion pressure sensor is used but also upon a pressure in the cylinder at a moment other than the peak combustion pressure.

Abstract: A device for controlling an internal combustion engine, comprising a variable valve mechanism for varying opening areas (valve lift) or the working angles (valve-opening periods) of at least either the intake valves or the exhaust valves, wherein a pressure in the cylinder is calculated based on the opening area or the working angle of at least either the intake valve or the exhaust valve varied by the variable valve mechanism, and the internal combustion engine is controlled based on the pressure in the cylinder. Upon calculating the pressure in the cylinder based on the opening areas or the working angles of the intake and exhaust valves, it is possible to more suitably control the internal combustion engine based not only upon the peak combustion pressure in the cylinder like when a combustion pressure sensor is used but also upon a pressure in the cylinder at a moment other than the peak combustion pressure.

Abstract: A device for controlling an internal combustion engine, comprising a variable valve mechanism for varying opening areas (valve lift) or the working angles (valve-opening periods) of at least either the intake valves or the exhaust valves, wherein a pressure in the cylinder is calculated based on the opening area or the working angle of at least either the intake valve or the exhaust valve varied by the variable valve mechanism, and the internal combustion engine is controlled based on the pressure in the cylinder. Upon calculating the pressure in the cylinder based on the opening areas or the working angles of the intake and exhaust valves, it is possible to more suitably control the internal combustion engine based not only upon the peak combustion pressure in the cylinder like when a combustion pressure sensor is used but also upon a pressure in the cylinder at a moment other than the peak combustion pressure.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to generate an adaptive value in a short time. An adaptive value generating program has an adaptive procedure control program and a DOE tool. The DOE tool is a general statistical processing tool. The adaptive value procedure generating program functions as an interface between a measuring apparatus and the DOE tool. In a data obtaining process, the adaptive value procedure generating program automatically determines a method of selecting a measurement point and passes the result to the DOE tool. Selection of an approximation function and selection of an optimization method are automated. Further, evaluation of a final approximation expression and determination of confirmation data are also automated.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to reduce the number of measuring processes of an actual apparatus. A final model for estimating the behavior of an engine 3 is generated by the following procedure. First, a simulation model in which physical properties of the engine 3 are considered is set. Next, measurement is roughly performed by an actual apparatus. Based on the difference between the simulation data and the measurement data, a correction function is Err, 130 derived. By combining the physical model and the correction function Err, 130, a final model is obtained. By using the final model, a final adaptive value is determined.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to generate an adaptive value in a short time. An adaptive value generating program has an adaptive procedure control program and a DOE tool. The DOE tool is a general statistical processing tool. The adaptive value procedure generating program functions as an interface between a measuring apparatus and the DOE tool. In a data obtaining process, the adaptive value procedure generating program automatically determines a method of selecting a measurement point and passes the result to the DOE tool. Selection of an approximation function and selection of an optimization method are automated. Further, evaluation of a final approximation expression and determination of confirmation data are also automated.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to reduce the number of measuring processes of an actual apparatus. A final model for estimating the behavior of an engine 3 is generated by the following procedure. First, a simulation model in which physical properties of the engine 3 are considered is set. Next, measurement is roughly performed by an actual apparatus. Based on the difference between the simulation data and the measurement data, a correction function is Err, 130 derived. By combining the physical model and the correction function Err, 130, a final model is obtained. By using the final model, a final adaptive value is determined.