Abstract: Compositions containing the following components (A) and (B): (A) at least one ?-glutamyl peptide selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the formula (I): ?-Glu-X-Gly??(I) wherein X is an amino acid residue or an amino acid derivative residue, and a compound represented by the formula (II): ?-Glu-Y??(II) wherein Y is an amino acid residue or an amino acid derivative residue, or a salt thereof, and (B) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of citronellal, limonene, 2-methylpyrazine, butanoic acid, methyl anthranilate, and nootkatone, are effective for suppressing off-tastes of food and drink.

Abstract: Compositions, containing the following components (A) and (B): (A) at least one ?-glutamyl peptide selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the formula (I): ?-Glu-X-Gly??(I) wherein X is an amino acid residue or an amino acid derivative residue, and a compound represented by the formula (II): ?-Glu-Y??(II) wherein Y is an amino acid residue or an amino acid derivative residue, or a salt thereof, and (B) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of ?-aminobutyric acid and serine, are effective for inhibiting off-flavors of food and drink.

Abstract: By using a glucose oxidase and a metal-containing yeast, a processed aquatic food of which physical property is improved, and an enzyme preparation for modifying a property of a processed aquatic food can be obtained.

Abstract: An in-cylinder injection, spark ignited internal combustion engine including a fuel injection valve spraying fuel substantially in a sector having a relatively small thickness and spreading substantially vertically to implement homogenous combustion and stratified combustion, ensures that for stratified combustion a large portion of the sprayed fuel is injected into a cavity and thus sufficiently vaporized and positioned as a combustible air fuel mixture in a vicinity of an ignition plug. A fuel injection valve is arranged at a perimeter of an upper portion of the cylinder and a piston has a top surface provided with a cavity biased in location to be farther from the fluid injection valve and having a wall opposite the fuel injection valve deviating toward the cylinder's substantial center the fuel sprayed for stratified combustion through the fuel injection valve into the cavity.

Abstract: The present invention provides processes for preparing a slurry containing aspartame, which is stable and is useful as a sweetener; as well as methods of assessing the stability of an aspartame slurry.

Abstract: An in-cylinder injection, spark ignited internal combustion engine including a fuel injection valve spraying fuel substantially in a sector having a relatively small thickness and spreading substantially vertically to implement homogenous combustion and stratified combustion, ensures that for stratified combustion a large portion of the sprayed fuel is injected into a cavity and thus sufficiently vaporized and positioned as a combustible air fuel mixture in a vicinity of an ignition plug. A fuel injection valve is arranged at a perimeter of an upper portion of the cylinder and a piston has a top surface provided with a cavity biased in location to be farther from the fuel injection valve and having a wall opposite the fuel injection valve deviating toward the cylinder's substantial center the fuel sprayed for stratified combustion through the fuel injection valve into the cavity.

Abstract: The present invention provides processes for preparing a slurry containing aspartame, which is stable and is useful as a sweetener; as well as methods of assessing the stability of an aspartame slurry.

Abstract: A cooling system for an engine having a plurality of cylinder bores which are arranged along a longitudinal axis. First and second coolant passages continuously extend along the periphery of the bores on each side of the axis, extending from the bore arranged in one end of the engine to the bore arranged in another end of the engine. The first and the second passages are connected to each other by a connector at one end of the engine. Intermediate walls are formed between adjacent bores. A connecting passage is formed in each intermediate wall for connecting the first and the second coolant passages. Water as a coolant flows from an inlet, which is formed at the other end of the first coolant passage, through, in turn, the first coolant passage, the connector, and the second coolant passage, and flows out from an outlet, which is formed at the other end of the second coolant passage. Water also flows through the connecting passages.

Abstract: A cooling system of an internal combustion engine has a plurality of cylinder coolant passages. Each of the passages is provided for one of a plurality of cylinders. The plurality of cylinder coolant passages has grooves provided on outer surfaces of cylinder liners of the plurality of cylinders. The system also includes a cylinder head coolant passage located so as to extend in a cylinder head and a coolant supply for supplying coolant to the cylinder head coolant passage. The cylinder head coolant passage has branch passages connected therewith, each of the branch passages being also connected with respective one of the plurality of cylinder coolant passages.

Abstract: A cooling system for an internal combustion engine able to realize a cooling effect matching a distribution of incoming heat of a cylinder liner. A plurality of annular grooves are formed on an outer surface of the cylinder liner, and a passage connecting the annular grooves is also provided. An introducing passage part is formed between an inlet passage of a coolant and the uppermost annular groove. A curved portion is provided to the introducing passage part. A flow direction of the coolant flowing into the introducing passage part is smoothly changed so as to flow along a direction of a passage connecting the annular grooves. An amount of coolant flowing into the annular grooves located lower than the uppermost annular groove is increased appropriately.

Abstract: A cooling system of a cylinder liner of an internal combustion engine includes a plurality of first passages formed on an outer surface of the cylinder liner of the internal combustion engine and spaced apart from each other. A second passage is formed on the outer surface of the cylinder liner and runs in an axial direction of the cylinder liner, coupling the first passages to each other. The second passage receives, via an inflow part thereof, a coolant supplied in a traverse direction substantially perpendicular to the axial direction. A third passage is formed on the outer surface of the cylinder liner, and runs in the axial direction of the cylinder liner, coupling the first passages to each other. The third passage outputs the coolant received from the first passages to an outflow part thereof. The second passage has a traverse-sectional area which decreases as a distance of the traverse-sectional area from the inflow part increases.

Abstract: A cooling system of an internal combustion engine has a plurality of coolant passages located in a row along a longitudinal axial direction of a cylinder liner. Each of the plurality of coolant passages is located so as to extend approximately along a circumference of the cylinder liner. The plurality of coolant passages are located between an inner wall of a cylinder block and an outer wall of the cylinder liner. The cylinder liner is fitted in the cylinder block. The cooling system also has an inflow passage through which coolant flows into the plurality of coolant passages. The cooling system also contains a flux passage through which coolant flows out of the plurality of coolant passages.

Abstract: A cooling system for an internal combustion engine eliminate stagnation of a coolant flowing in a plurality of annular passages formed between a cylinder block and a cylinder liner along a circumference of an outer surface of the cylinder linear. Inflow and outflow passages, connected to the annular passages, are provided extending in a direction of an axis of the cylinder liner. An inlet passage, supplying a coolant to the inflow passage, is provided. A guiding member is provided at an entrance of each of the annular passages so as to lead a portion of a coolant to an upstream side of each of the annular passages. Sufficient amount of coolant flows through the annular passages of the cylinder linear, and thus the wall of the cylinder liner can be cooled efficiently.