Abstract: Provided are a concentration method and system for concentrating a raw material solution, and in which a raw material solution containing a solute and a solvent is concentrated to obtain a concentrate of the raw material solution, wherein the solvent contains water and an organic solvent. In the method and system for concentrating a raw material solution, the system includes a combination of: a first concentrating means for removing water in the raw material solution by means of a forward osmosis method; and a second concentrating means for evaporating and removing water and an organic solvent in the raw material solution.

Abstract: A feedstock solution flow concentration system, which has a first step for counterflowing or parallel flowing a feedstock solution flow a containing a solute and a solvent b, and a draw solution flow d via a forward osmosis membrane o and transferring the solvent b in the feedstock solution flow a to the draw solution flow d to obtain a concentrated feedstock solution flow c, which is the feedstock solution flow which has been concentrated, and a diluted draw solution flow e, which is the draw solution flow which has been diluted.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a gas separation membrane module that has high, long-term utility. The present disclosure provides a gas separation membrane module that has: a housing; a gas separation membrane that is arranged inside the housing; and an adhesive part that fixes the gas separation membrane to the housing.

Abstract: Provided is a system that can prevent or reduce adhesion of a raw material component to a membrane surface and increase the recovery rate of the raw material component after concentration. A raw material liquid concentration system for a medicine production process is provided with: a forward osmosis membrane unit having a forward osmosis membrane, and a raw material liquid side space and an inductive solution side space which are separated from each other by the forward osmosis membrane; a raw material liquid channel for supplying, to the raw material liquid side space, a raw material liquid containing a solvent and a solute; an inductive solution channel for supplying, to the inductive solution side space, an inductive solution containing an inductive material; a concentrated liquid channel for removing a concentrated raw material liquid from the forward osmosis membrane unit; and a diluted inductive solution channel for removing a diluted inductive solution from the forward osmosis membrane unit.

Abstract: A raw material solution concentration system that has: a first unit for obtaining a concentrated raw material solution and a diluted induction solution by bringing a raw material solution containing a solvent and a solute into contact with an induction solution containing an induction solute through a forward osmosis membrane and transferring the solvent in the raw material solution into the induction solution and the induction solute in the induction solution into the raw material solution; and a second unit for performing a freeze-dry treatment on the concentrated raw material solution and obtaining a further-concentrated product.

Abstract: Provided is a supporting method of supporting production of a maple syrup liquid obtained by concentrating maple sap, the supporting method including: inputting initial supply liquid information including a sugar content and color information of a supply liquid that is maple sap before concentration; inputting concentration target information including a target sugar content of a concentrated liquid obtained by concentrating the maple sap; and outputting predicted color information indicating a color of the maple syrup liquid predicted based on the initial supply liquid information and the concentration target information.

Abstract: A feedstock solution flow concentration system, which has a first step for counterflowing or parallel flowing a feedstock solution flow a containing a solute and a solvent b, and a draw solution flow d via a forward osmosis membrane o and transferring the solvent b in the feedstock solution flow a to the draw solution flow d to obtain a concentrated feedstock solution flow c, which is the feedstock solution flow which has been concentrated, and a diluted draw solution flow e, which is the draw solution flow which has been diluted.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a gas separation membrane module that has high, long-term utility. The present disclosure provides a gas separation membrane module that has: a housing; a gas separation membrane that is arranged inside the housing; and an adhesive part that fixes the gas separation membrane to the housing.

Abstract: Module for gas separation that maintains moisture retention of a gas separation active layer at a uniform level has a composite hollow-fiber membrane configured as the interior of an exterior body and has a porous hollow-fiber support body and a gas separation active layer disposed on the surface of the hollow-fiber support body. The exterior body has a supply port and a discharge port for a first gas passing through the outer side of the composite hollow-fiber membrane, and a supply port and a discharge port for a second gas passing through the inner side of the composite hollow-fiber membrane. The first gas flows through a first space enclosed by the exterior body and the outer side of the composite hollow-fiber membrane and the second gas flows through a second space separated by the composite hollow-fiber membrane and the exterior body. The first space is filled with an absorbing solution.

Abstract: Provided are a composite forward osmosis membrane and a membrane module containing same. The composite forward osmosis membrane reduces salt back-diffusion and has high water-permeability, or is made of readily available materials and can be easily manufactured. Even when used at high pressure, separation between a substrate membrane support layer and an active separation layer does not occur in the composite forward osmosis membrane, and thus the composite forward osmosis membrane exhibits stable high performance.

Abstract: This system for concentrating solvent-containing articles involves a first step in which: a supply flow (a) comprising solvent-containing articles containing a solute and a solvent (b) is caused to flow counter to or parallel with a permeant flow (d) through a forward osmosis membrane (o); the solvent (b) contained in the supply flow (a) is made to pass through the forward osmosis membrane (o) and to move into the permeant flow (d); and a concentrate flow (c) formed from the concentrated solvent-containing articles and a flow (e) formed from the diluted permeant flow (d) are obtained, wherein the permeant flow (d) is an inorganic salt solution containing multivalent cations, and the temperature of the permeant flow (d) in the aforementioned first step is 5-60° C.

Abstract: Provided is a gas separation membrane containing polysaccharides and being characterized by having a crystallinity of 17% or lower, the crystallinity being represented by equation (1) below: (1) Crystallinity (%)=[Ic/(Ic+Ia)]×100 (In equation (1), Ic is the sum of the integrals of the scattering intensities of crystalline peaks obtained from X-ray diffraction analysis of the gas separation membrane, and Ia is the sum of the integrals of the scattering intensities of the amorphous halo).

Abstract: A gas separation membrane, characterized by having a porous support and a polyamine layer formed on the porous support, the number-average molecular weight of the polyamine constituting a part of the polyamine being 100,000-500,000.

Abstract: A semiconductor device of an embodiment includes an overvoltage protection diode in which an N-type semiconductor layer and a P-type semiconductor layer, formed on an insulating film in a voltage supporting region, are alternately disposed adjacently to each other. The overvoltage protection diode is disposed at a corner portion on the upper face of the insulating film, and extends from the corner portion to the center portion of the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A semiconductor device of an embodiment includes a conductive semiconductor substrate, an insulating film formed on the semiconductor substrate, an overvoltage protection diode configured to be formed on the insulating film and to include an n-type semiconductor layer and a p-type semiconductor layer alternately arranged adjacent to each other, and an insulating film that covers the overvoltage protection diode. The concentration of the p-type impurities in the p-type semiconductor layer is lower than the concentration of the n-type impurities in the n-type semiconductor layer. The concentration peak of the p-type impurities is disposed in a non-boundary region between a boundary region and a boundary region.

Abstract: A semiconductor switch SW that includes a collector electrode C, an emitter electrode E and a gate electrode G, a Zener diode 5A configured to include one end electrically connected to the collector electrode C, the other end electrically connected to the gate electrode G, and n-type semiconductor layers and p-type semiconductor layers alternately arranged adjacent to each other, a Zener diode 5B configured to include one end electrically connected to the gate electrode G, the other end electrically connected to the emitter electrode E, and n-type semiconductor layers and p-type semiconductor layers alternately arranged adjacent to each other, are provided. The Zener diode 5A and the Zener diode 5B are configured so as not to allow the voltage of the gate electrode G to be increased to an on-threshold voltage of the semiconductor switch SW in the reverse bias application state.

Abstract: A semiconductor device according to an embodiment includes: an insulating film formed on a voltage supporting region B; an overvoltage protection diode that includes an n-type semiconductor layer and a p-type semiconductor layer; conductor portions that are formed on the insulating film and are electrically connected to the overvoltage protection diode; and a high-potential portion arranged above the overvoltage protection diode via an insulating film. The p-type impurity concentration of the p-type semiconductor layer is lower than the n-type impurity concentration of the n-type semiconductor layer. In the reverse bias application state, the high-potential portion has a higher potential than a potential of the potential of the p-type semiconductor layer disposed directly under the high-potential portion.

Abstract: Provided is a gas separation membrane for purifying mixed raw material gas including condensable gas, said gas separation membrane exhibiting excellent separation ability and being capable of maintaining a gas permeation rate at a high level for a long time under a condensable gas atmosphere.

Abstract: A semiconductor switch SW that includes a collector electrode C, an emitter electrode E and a gate electrode G, a Zener diode 5A configured to include one end electrically connected to the collector electrode C, the other end electrically connected to the gate electrode G, and n-type semiconductor layers and p-type semiconductor layers alternately arranged adjacent to each other, a Zener diode 5B configured to include one end electrically connected to the gate electrode G, the other end electrically connected to the emitter electrode E, and n-type semiconductor layers and p-type semiconductor layers alternately arranged adjacent to each other, are provided. The Zener diode 5A and the Zener diode 5B are configured so as not to allow the voltage of the gate electrode G to be increased to an on-threshold voltage of the semiconductor switch SW in the reverse bias application state.

Abstract: Module for gas separation that maintains moisture retention of a gas separation active layer at a uniform level has a composite hollow-fiber membrane configured as the interior of an exterior body and has a porous hollow-fiber support body and a gas separation active layer disposed on the surface of the hollow-fiber support body. The exterior body has a supply port and a discharge port for a first gas passing through the outer side of the composite hollow-fiber membrane, and a supply port and a discharge port for a second gas passing through the inner side of the composite hollow-fiber membrane. The first gas flows through a first space enclosed by the exterior body and the outer side of the composite hollow-fiber membrane and the second gas flows through a second space separated by the composite hollow-fiber membrane and the exterior body. The first space is filled with an absorbing solution.