Abstract: An LCD projector which has a white light source for emitting a randomly polarized luminous flux, and a plurality of LCD panels for modulating luminous fluxes that are transmitted through the LCD panels. The LCD projector also includes four reflecting devices. The first reflecting device reflects a first portion of the luminous flux having a first polarization characteristic and a wavelength which is within a first predetermined range of wavelengths, to the first LCD panel. The second reflecting device reflects a second portion of the luminous flux that is not reflected to the first LCD panel, to the second LCD panel. The second portion of the luminous flux has the first polarization characteristic and a wavelength which is within a second predetermined range of wavelengths. The third reflecting device reflects a third portion of the luminous flux that is not reflected to the second LCD panel, to the third LCD panel.

Abstract: An apparatus for isometrically splitting a reference light beam into a plurality of equally split beams. The apparatus includes a plurality of beam splitters having identical reflectance and identical transmittance. The beam splitters are arranged so that the split beams are transmitted through an equal number of beam splitters and reflected by an equal number of beam splitters to obtain split beams having identical characteristics.

Abstract: A polarizer having first and second reflecting surfaces which define an angle of 120.degree. therebetween and a beam splitting surface which lies in a bisectional plane of the first and second reflecting surfaces. The first and second reflecting surfaces and the polarization beam splitting surface are arranged to meet at a line which defines an edge of the polarizer.

Abstract: A device including a polarizing beam splitter by which an incident luminous flux is split into a first luminous flux radiated onto a first photo sensor and a second luminous flux radiated onto a second photo sensor, and an adjusting mechanism provided for rotatably adjusting a position of one of the first and second luminous fluxes. The optical axis of the first luminous flux is coincident with that of the incident luminous flux. The optical axis of the second luminous flux is not parallel to the first luminous flux. By rotating the beam splitter about the optical axis of the first luminous flux, the beam receiving position of the second photo sensor, onto which the second luminous flux is radiated, is changed.

Abstract: A device for measuring a characteristic of an optical element which forms an interference fringe pattern using a reference light beam reflected from a reference surface and a test light beam that is guided from the optical element by a light refracting element. The interference fringe pattern is detected and data corresponding to the interference fringe pattern is output. The outputted data is processed such that information of wave front aberration representative of the interference fringe pattern is output. The information includes mathematical terms representative of position errors and of the characteristic of the optical element. The mathematical terms are calculated, and the mathematical terms representative of the characteristic of the optical element are corrected based on a value of at least one of the mathematical terms representative of the position errors. The corrected mathematical terms are then displayed.

Abstract: A real image finder system of a camera has an objective lens, an eyepiece lens and deflecting system. The deflecting system includes an erecting system positioned between the objective lens and the eyepiece lens. The finder system also includes an LCD panel that is located on an image plane of the objective lens with the LCD panel displaying information which is viewed through the eyepiece lens. A first polarizer is positioned between the objective lens and the LCD panel while a second polarizer is positioned between the LCD panel and the eyepiece lens. The first and second polarizers are arranged such that their transmission axes are perpendicular to each other. Further at least one optical component of the deflecting system is located between the first polarizer and the second polarizer.

Abstract: A disk recording and reproducing apparatus which realizes a simultaneous recording function with a simple pickup system.

Abstract: An optical system using polarized light is provided wherein a polarized light beam from an optical source is made to coincide with the natural polarization of the optical element acting upon the light beam. The polarization of the light beam from the optical source is adjusted to be effectively the same as the natural polarization of an optical element with birefringence upon which it is incident, and consequently the birefringence of this element has no effect on the convergence of the beam.

Abstract: A chromatic aberration correcting element that is a simple lens having at least one aspheric surface the radius of curvature of which increases from the optical axis toward the periphery, at least either one of the surfaces being formed as a diffraction lens surface that consists of annular segments in steps that are shifted discretely in a direction in which the lens thickness increases as a function of the distance from the optical axis. Also, a chromatic aberration correcting device having annular segments formed in steps on either a light entrance face or a light exit face or both, the annular segments being composed of planes perpendicular to and concentric with the optical axis.

Abstract: A device including a polarizing beam splitter by which an incident luminous flux is split into a first luminous flux radiated onto a first photo sensor and a second luminous flux radiated onto a second photo sensor, and an adjusting mechanism provided for adjusting a position of one of the first and second luminous fluxes. The optical axis of the first luminous flux is coincident with that of the incident luminous flux. The optical axis of the second luminous flux is not parallel to the first luminous flux. By moving the beam splitter along the optical axis of the first luminous flux, the beam receiving position of the second photo sensor, onto which the second luminous flux is radiated, is changed.

Abstract: A real image finder system of a camera has an objective lens, an eyepiece lens and deflecting system. The deflecting system includes an erecting system positioned between the objective lens and the eyepiece lens. The finder system also includes an LCD panel that is located on an image plane of the objective lens with the LCD panel displaying information which is viewed through the eyepiece lens. A first polarizer is positioned between the objective lens and the LCD panel while a second polarizer is positioned between the LCD panel and the eyepiece lens. The first and second polarizers are arranged such that their transmission axes are perpendicular to each other. Further at least one optical component of the deflecting system is located between the first polarizer and the second polarizer.

Abstract: In a magneto-optic disc apparatus detecting light is reflected by a recording track of a magneto-optic disc and split into a least two split beams which are received by respective sensors to detect signals recorded on said recording track. A calculator multiplies a predetermined difference signal of a plurality of detection signals outputted from one of the sensors by a predetermined coefficient. Signal detectors detect recorded signals in accordance with the predetermined difference signal which has been multiplied by the coefficient and detection signals of the sensors.

Abstract: An optical disk apparatus is provided which includes an incident light optical system which causes a light beam, having a wavefront aberration in which an odd function component with respect to two perpendicular axes corresponding to the radial and tangential directions of an optical disk is contained, to impinge on the disk. The apparatus further comprises a light detecting unit divided into at least two regions by a boundary line corresponding to the radial direction of the optical disk for detecting a light beam guided from the disk, and a computing mechanism which outputs a tracking error signal by computing the output differential between these two or more regions.

Abstract: A disk recording and reproducing apparatus which realizes a simultaneous monitoring function with a recording function with a simple pickup system is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a recording and reproducing head, a first memory for receiving and storing input signals at a first rate and supplying the stored signals at a second rate higher than the first rate so as to be recorded onto the disk medium at the second rate by means of the recording and reproducing head, a second memory for receiving and storing signals reproduced at the second rate by means of the recording and reproducing head and outputting the stored signals at a rate lower than the second rate, and a controller for controlling the recording and reproducing head to relatively scan a same portion of the disk medium twice for a predetermined period of time so that recording and reproduction occur alternately and successively at the portion of the disk medium for each predetermined number of blocks.

Abstract: An optical system of an optical disc apparatus is disclosed for converging and projecting a bundle of rays emitted from a light source onto an optical disc. The optical system includes a collimating lens which collimates the bundle of rays emitted from the light source, two anamorphic prisms for shaping the cross section of the collimated bundle of rays transmitted through the collimating lens, and an objective lens which converges the bundle of rays shaped by the anamorphic prisms onto the optical disc. At least one of the anamorphic prisms is detachably mounted to an immovable body portion of the optical system.

Abstract: A system used for measuring the tilt of an image formed by a lens. The measuring system has a light source, a diffraction grating, a reflection surface and a detector for detecting an interference pattern that is formed by the light after passing through the diffraction grating reflection surface and the lens.

Abstract: The optical disk apparatus of this invention is provided with a memory for memorizing a track offset signal corresponding to an angle of a galvanic mirror, or a photodetector having two pairs of photodetecting regions to detect different tracking error signals to each other, or two galvanic mirrors which are adjusted so as to prevent the track offset signal.

Abstract: This invention relates to a means of analyzing the shape of a surface to be measured by generating interference fringes containing a spatial carrier produced by tilting the wavefronts from a reference surface and the surface to be measured, taking several measurements of these interference fringes while varying the optical path length of the reference surface by means of a phase shift device, applying a spatial fringe scan method to the interference fringe data so as to detect the optical path length variation produced by the phase shift device, applying a temporal fringe scan method to this optical path length variation and several interference fringe data so as to analyze the interference fringes, and then subtracting the spatial carrier from the analytical results.

Abstract: A compound prism including a plurality of unit prisms which have reflective interfaces defined by outer and/or inner surfaces thereof and which are arranged so that light is reflected by an inner surface of the interface of one of the unit prisms and by an outer surface of the interface of another unit prism.

Abstract: An interferometer causes a reference beam and a subject beam reflected from a roof surface to interfere with each other to form an interference fringe, which is detected by an image detecting element in its measuring area. Detection data from the image detecting element is processed by an image processing circuit, and then subjected to phase difference detection. A continuous function is determined as an approximation to a relationship between phase data and unit measuring areas located in a direction perpendicular to a line corresponding to a ridge line of the roof surface. A analysis relating to a roof angle is performed based on the continuous function thus determined.