Abstract: A fraud detection electronic control unit is connected to an electronic control unit through an in-vehicle network system. The fraud detection electronic control unit includes a storage and a determination unit. The storage stores a first regulation for determining whether the frame transmitted from the electronic control unit is fraudulent. The determination unit determines whether the frame transmitted from the electronic control unit is fraudulent in pursuant to the first regulation. When a predetermined condition is satisfied, the storage acquires a second regulation retained by the electronic control unit and updates the stored first regulation.

Abstract: A process cartridge including a photosensitive drum; a developing roller; a rotatable roller having a rotation shaft in a position deviated from an axis of the developing roller; an Oldham coupling member at an end portion of the shaft of the rotatable roller; an urging member for urging the drive receiving portion; a supporting portion supporting the drive receiving portion; an abutting portion receiving the supporting portion urged by the urging member, an elastic sheet positioned to contact at least part of the Oldham coupling member, wherein the abutting portion is positioned outside an outer periphery of the drum on a plane perpendicular to the shaft of the rotatable roller.

Abstract: A drum unit detachably mountable to a main assembly of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive drum and a coupling member provided on the photosensitive drum. The coupling member includes a driving force receiving portion and a supporting portion movably supporting the driving force receiving portion. The supporting portion includes a first extended portion and a second extended portion which extend at least in an axial direction of the photosensitive drum.

Abstract: A material cartridge includes a first unit including a first attachment portion, a second unit and a first memory unit. The first memory unit that is attached to the first attachment portion and includes a first electrode and a first storage element. A cartridge reproduction method includes: detaching the first memory unit from the first attachment portion; attaching an electrode unit to the first attachment portion, the electrode unit including a second electrode, the second electrode configured to be brought into contact with a main body electrode of an image forming apparatus so as to be electrically connected to the main body electrode; and attaching, to the first unit, an element unit including a second storage element configured to be electrically connected to the second electrode. The element unit is located in a gap formed between the first unit and the second unit.

Abstract: A toner transport apparatus includes: a storing portion that stores toner used by a developing apparatus; an ejection port for outputting the toner from the storing portion; a transport path unit that includes a receiving part which receives the toner ejected from the ejection port, and that constitutes a transport path for transporting the toner to the developing apparatus; a pump for outputting the toner stored in the storing portion from the ejection port toward the transport path unit; and an optical sensor unit that is disposed in a passage area through which the toner output by the pump from the ejection port to the transport path unit passes, the optical sensor unit detecting whether or not toner is present.

Abstract: A security apparatus includes a receiver that receives a frame front at least one network, a parameter storage that stores at least one examination parameter defining a content of an examination on a frame, and processing circuitry that performs operations. The operations include judging whether a predetermined condition is satisfied for the frame received by the receiver. When the predetermined condition is satisfied, updating the stored at least one examination parameter, and when the predetermined condition is not satisfied, not updating the stored at least one examination parameter. The operations also include executing an examination, based on the stored at least one examination parameter, as to whether the frame received by the receiver is an attack frame, and performing a process depending on a result of the execution of the examination such that an influence of an attack frame on at least one electronic control unit is suppressed.

Abstract: A second unit includes a restricted portion that comes into contact with a restricting portion provided to a body of an apparatus, the restricted portion coming into contact with the restricting portion, in order to restrict the movement of a developer carrier in a direction to make contact with an image carrier, when a developing cartridge has not reached a predetermined attachment position, and not coming into contact with the restricting portion when the developing cartridge is in the predetermined attachment position.

Abstract: An unauthorized activity detection method is provided in an onboard network system having multiple electronic units (ECU) that perform communication via a bus, such that an occurrence of an unauthorized state can be detected by monitoring frames transmitted over the bus. The unauthorized activity detection method determines, by a monitoring electronic control unit using unauthorized activity detection rule information indicating a first condition, whether or not a set of frames received from the bus satisfies the first condition. The first condition being a condition regarding a relation in content between a first frame having a first identifier and a second frame having a second identifier that differs from the first identifier. And the method further detects the occurrence of the unauthorized state in a case where the first condition is not satisfied.

Abstract: A process cartridge includes a photosensitive drum and a first casing rotatably supporting the photosensitive drum. The process cartridge also includes a developing roller configured to develop an electrostatic latent image formed on the photosensitive drum with toner, a supplying roller configured to supply the developing roller with the toner, and a second casing rotatably supporting the developing roller and the supplying roller and containing the toner. A rotatable coupling is provided with a projection and operatively connected to the supplying roller and the developing roller so that the coupling can transmit a rotational force to the supplying roller and the developing roller, and at least a part of the coupling being movable in a direction perpendicular to a rotational axis of the coupling.

Abstract: A developing device includes a frame having an accommodation chamber where a developer is accommodated, and a replenishing port replenishing a developer to the accommodation chamber from outside; and a stirring member stirring the developer in the accommodation chamber, the stirring member including a rotating shaft portion rotatably supported by the frame and a sheet member having one end fixed to the rotating shaft portion and another end as a free end and being rotatable with the rotating shaft portion. When the stirring member is rotated, the free end of the sheet member is capable of contacting an inner wall surface of the accommodation chamber in which the replenishing port is formed, and a through hole penetrating in a thickness direction of the sheet member is provided in a region of the sheet member that comes into contact with the inner wall surface of the accommodation chamber.

Abstract: A process cartridge including a photosensitive drum; a developing roller; a rotatable roller having a rotation shaft in a position deviated from an axis of the developing roller; an Oldham coupling member at an end portion of the shaft of the rotatable roller; an urging member for urging the drive receiving portion; a supporting portion supporting the drive receiving portion; an abutting portion receiving the supporting portion urged by the urging member, an elastic sheet positioned to contact at least part of the Oldham coupling member, wherein the abutting portion is positioned outside an outer periphery of the drum on a plane perpendicular to the shaft of the rotatable roller.

Abstract: A cartridge for an image forming apparatus including a movable member is provided with a first engaging portion and a second engaging portion movable between a first position and a second position, the cartridge includes a first engaged portion engageable with the first engaging portion; and a second engaged portion engageable with the second engaging portion, wherein by the first engaged portion being engaged with the first engaging portion in the process of mounting, the movable member is moved from the first position to the second position to permit the second engaged to pass the second engaging portion in a mounting direction.

Abstract: A gateway serving as a security apparatus connected to one or a plurality of buses includes a receiver that receives a frame from a bus, a parameter storage that stores an examination parameter defining a content of an examination of the frame, an updater configured to, in a case where a predetermined condition is satisfied for the frame received by the receiver, update the examination parameter stored in the parameter storage, and an examiner that performs an examination, based on the examination parameter stored in the parameter storage, in terms of judgment of whether or not the frame received by the receiver is an attack frame.

Abstract: A second unit includes a restricted portion that comes into contact with a restricting portion provided to a body of an apparatus, the restricted portion coming into contact with the restricting portion, in order to restrict the movement of a developer carrier in a direction to make contact with an image carrier, when a developing cartridge has not reached a predetermined attachment position, and not coming into contact with the restricting portion when the developing cartridge is in the predetermined attachment position.

Abstract: An information processing device includes: a first communication unit which transmits and receives communication data through a network connected to a first GW, a second GW, and at least one electronic control unit; a monitoring unit which determines whether the communication data is normal; and a notification unit which transmits, at least to the second GW, a notification that brings the network to a state in which one of a transfer function of the first GW and a transfer function of the second GW gateway is active and the other one of the transfer functions is inactive, when the monitoring unit does not determine that the communication data is normal.

Abstract: A key management method serves as an electronic control unit (ECU) in an onboard network system having a plurality of ECUs that perform communication by frames via a network. The method includes storing a shared key and executing encryption processing based on the shared key. The method further includes executing inspection of a security state of the shared key stored in a case where a vehicle is in at least one of the following particular states: the vehicle is not driving and is an accessory-on state; a fuel cap of the vehicle is open, and the vehicle is not driving and is fueling; the vehicle is parked, which is indicated by the gearshift; the vehicle is in a stopped state before driving, which is indicated by the gearshift; and a charging plug is connected to the vehicle, and the vehicle is electrically charging.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a stopper movable between a stopping position in which the stopper contacts with a downstream end portion of a cartridge, having a first contacting portion and a second contacting position, in a mounting direction, to stop the cartridge from being moved in the mounting direction and a non-stopping position in which the stopper is retracted from the stopping position so as not to stop the cartridge from being moved in the mounting direction. The stopper moves from the stopping position to the non-stopping position in conjunction with movement of a movable member from a first position to a second position.

Abstract: An information processing device is provided. A first communication unit transmits and receives communication data through a network. The network is connected to a first gateway, a second gateway, and at least one electronic control unit. A monitoring unit determines whether the communication data is normal. A notification unit transmits, at least to the second gateway, a notification that brings the network to a state in which one of a transfer function of the first gateway and a transfer function of the second gateway is active and the other one of the transfer functions is inactive, when the monitoring unit determines that the communication data is not normal.

Abstract: A key management method serves as an electronic control unit (ECU) in an onboard network system having a plurality of ECUs that perform communication by frames via a network. The method includes storing a shared key, acquiring a session key, and executing encryption processing using the session key. The method further includes executing inspection of a security state of the shared key stored in a case where a vehicle is in at least one of the following particular states: the vehicle is not driving and is an accessory-on state; a fuel cap of the vehicle is open, and the vehicle is not driving and is fueling; the vehicle is parked, which is indicated by the gearshift; the vehicle is in a stopped state before driving, which is indicated by the gearshift; and a charging plug is connected to the vehicle, and the vehicle is electrically charging.