Abstract: The current invention is directed to a high density disk and a method of manufacturing the high density disk. The high density is accomplished by narrowing the pitch and increasing the groove depth so as not to sacrifice any desirable features of the high density optical disk medium.

Abstract: The current invention is directed to a high density disk and a method of manufacturing the high density disk. The high density is accomplished by narrowing the pitch and increasing the groove depth so as not to sacrifice any desirable features of the high density optical disk medium.

Abstract: A high density disk and a method of manufacturing the same is disclosed. High density is achieved by narrowing groove pitch and increasing groove depth in a manner which does not sacrifice any desirable features of the high density optical disk medium.

Abstract: A cleaning apparatus in accordance with the present invention includes a first inflow section, provided on a first side surface of a cleaning tank having a substantially rectangular parallelopiped shape, having two inflow openings, a second inflow section, provided on a second side surface facing the first side surface, having inflow openings, and outflow openings for releasing a cleaning liquid flown in from the first and second inflow sections. The cleaning liquid flowing in from the inflow openings forms complex and strong flows in the cleaning tank, thus removing contaminants on a cleaning target evenly and efficiently without nonuniformity and preventing stagnation of the cleaning liquid in the cleaning tank. The cleaning liquid released in filtered by a circulatory section and is allowed to flow into the cleaning tank again through a pipe.

Abstract: A cleaning apparatus and method in accordance with the present invention includes a first inflow section, provided on a first side surface of a cleaning tank having a substantially rectangular parallelopiped shape, having two inflow openings, a second inflow section, provided on a second side surface facing the first side surface, having inflow openings, and outflow openings for releasing a cleaning liquid flown in from the first and second inflow sections. The cleaning liquid flowing in from the inflow openings forms complex and strong flows in the cleaning tank, thus removing contaminants on a cleaning target evenly and efficiently without nonuniformity and preventing stagnation of the cleaning liquid in the cleaning tank. The cleaning liquid released in filtered by a circulatory section and is allowed to flow into the cleaning tank again through a pipe.

Abstract: Novel sulfoxide derivatives having the formula (I) 5 or (V) show a gastric acid-secretion inhibitory effect: ##STR1## wherein each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, phenyl, phenylalkyl or cycloalkyl, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may form together with the adjacent N atom a heterocyclic group; each of R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.4a, R.sup.4b, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, and R.sup.7 is hydrogen, halogen, lower alkoxy, lower alkyl, trifluoromethyl, or fluorine atom-containing lower alkoxy; Y is CH or N; and Z is unsubstituted or substituted 2-pyridine or 2-aminophenyl.

Abstract: An apovincaminic acid derivative represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein n is an integer of from 2 to 11, and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are disclosed. These compounds are useful for therapy of cerebrovascular injuries, peripheral vessel injuries, angina pectoris, hypertension and senile dementia.

Abstract: A novel organosilicon compound of the following formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, respectively, represent a monovalent hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, is described.

Abstract: Sulfoxide derivatives having the formula (I) or (V) show a gastric acid-secretion inhibitory effect: ##STR1## wherein each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, phenyl, phenylalkyl or cycloalkyl, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may form together with the adjacent N atom a heterocyclic group; each of R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.4a, R.sup.4b, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, and R.sup.7 is hydrogen, halogen, lower alkoxy, lower alkyl, trifluoromethyl, or fluorine atom-containing lower alkoxy; Y is CH or N; and Z is unsubstituted or substituted 2-pyridine or 2-aminophenyl.

Abstract: Vincaminic acid derivatives represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonylallyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, a phenyl group substituted by alkoxy groups each having 1 or 2 carbon atoms or a thienyl group, A is a hydroxy group, B is a hydrogen atom, or A and B together form a valence bond, and the acid addition salts thereof are disclosed. These compound are useful as thereapeutic effect on cerebovascular injuries.

Abstract: A method of protecting gastrointestinal tract in a mammal from the untoward, non-gastric-acid-induced effects of exposure to gastrointestinally injuruous agents, which comprises administering orally to said mammal a non-antisecretory amount of a benzimidazole derivative having the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is the hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group, phenyl group or aralkyl group, R.sup.2 is the hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together with the adjacent nitrogen atom forms a ring, and each of R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 independently is the hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, the trifluoromethyl group, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, a lower alkoxycarbonyl group or an amino group.