Abstract: A cooling apparatus for automotive use wherein speed of an electric cooling fan is controlled solely at a predetermined speed. When a relay switch is switched on, voltage of a battery is applied to a lag circuit. Output of the lag circuit is applied to a gate G of a MOS transistor, but rise of the gate-applied voltage is delayed by the lag circuit according to a time constant thereof, and increases slowly. When the gate-applied voltage reaches the threshold voltage of the MOS transistor, the MOS transistor begins to switch on. However, when the gate-applied voltage is low, the drain current flowing through the MOS transistor is limited and thereby surge current at the motor is minimized.

Abstract: A fluid pressure drive device including a primary drive portion operated by receiving an operational command, and a secondary drive portion operated due to the operation of the primary drive portion. In this fluid pressure drive device, at least parts of movable members in the above both drive portions are overlapped so as to shorten the lengths of fluid passages. As a result, a time interval from the receiving of an operational command until the generation of a drive force in the final drive portion, i.e., a response time of the drive device may be shortened.