Abstract: An accumulator including a shell (1) divided into a gas chamber (9) and a fluid inflow chamber (6) by a bladder (32) made of a cold-resistant and gas-barrier laminated sheet which includes a polyvinyl alcohol type resin film (20) containing a polyol type plasticizer in an amount of 15% to 50% by weight, a rubber sheet layer (21) laminated at least on one side of the polyvinyl alcohol type resin film and a film (23) disposed therebetween of a non-vapor and non-plasticizer-permeable resin film.

Abstract: An accumulator including a shell (1) divided into a gas chamber (a) and a fluid inflow chamber (b) by a bladder (32) made of a cold-resistant and gas-barrier laminated sheet which includes a polyvinyl alcohol type resin film (20) containing a polyol type plasticizer in an amount of 15% to 50% by weight, a rubber sheet layer (21) laminated at least one side of the polyvinyl alcohol type resin film and a film (23) disposed therebetween of a non-vapor- and non-plasticizer-permeable resin film.

Abstract: A ceramic coating bonded to an iron tubular member comprising a bonding layer formed on a surface of the iron tubular member by a reaction of an iron tubular oxide layer of the iron tubular member and a silicate; and an iron oxide diffusion-preventing layer produced from fine metal oxide particles or an organometallic binder by firing on a surface of the bonding layer. The ceramic coating may further comprises an oxidation-preventing layer, a heat-insulating layer, a refractory layer or a thin dense protective layer. It may be produced by coating the surface of the iron tubular member with a silicate binder to form a layer which is then converted to a bonding layer by a heat treatment in a steam atmosphere; coating the surface of the bonding layer with fine metal oxide particles or an organometallic binder to form an iron oxide diffusion-preventing layer; and after curing and drying firing the resulting ceramic coating in an atmosphere having an oxygen partial pressure of 10 mmHg or less.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a heat resistant member includes the step of designing the shape of the heat resistant member, including the substeps of estimating thermal stress of the heat resistant member by heating a model formed by a high-thermal expansion material which has a similar shape to the desired shape of the heat resistant member while the model is restrained and also while it is free. The high-thermal expansion material is different from the material of the member being modeled and has a thermal expansion coefficient greater than that of the material of the member being modeled. Additionally, the step of designing includes the substeps of measuring the strain of the model at each of a plurality of predetermined positions while the model is heated by strain gauges adhered to predetermined positions on the model, and calculating the stress at each predetermined position from the difference in measured strain values between the restraint state and the free state.

Abstract: A method of estimating a thermal stress of a heat-resistant member, part or the whole of which is to be heated to a high temperature, comprising heating a model formed by a high-thermal expansion material and having a shape similar to that of the heat-resistant member; and measuring a thermal strain of the model at each of predetermined positions by strain gauges adhered thereto.

Abstract: A ceramic coating bonded to a metal member comprising a bonding layer formed by the reaction of an oxide layer formed on a surface of said metal member in advance and a silicated; and an anti-oxidizing first ceramic layer formed on said bonding layer and comprising inorganic flaky particles burned to have a cross-linked laminate structure.