Abstract: A semiconductor device with a distributed Bragg reflector is disclosed, in which periodic corrugations are formed between two semiconductor layers along the direction of travel of light. In accordance with the present invention, the periodic corrugations are formed by grid-like layers of a refractory material. The refractory material is an insulator, a refractory metal or a laminate member of an insulator and a refractory metal.

Abstract: There is disclosed a light emitting device comprising at least a semiconductor laser and an optical modulating element for modulating the output light from the semiconductor laser. In accordance with the present invention, a capacitive element for suppressing noise of the semiconductor laser arising from reflected light is disposed in parallel relation to current injection terminals of the semiconductor laser.

Abstract: A turbo-supercharger is provided for internal combustion engines which comprises a turbine disposed at an intermediate portion of an exhaust passage for the engine, and which is driven by a gas flowing therein. A compressor is disposed at an intermediate portion of a suction passage for the engine and is driven by said turbine. Also, a pre-chamber is disposed at that portion of the suction passage which is on the downstream side of the compressor, and is characterized by a resonance chamber which is communicated with the suction passage via a branch passage. The branch passage can be connected to the suction passage between the pre-chamber and the compressor, between the throttle valve and a fuel injection nozzle, on the upstream side of the compressor or directly at the pre-chamber.

Abstract: A laminate composed of a fire-retardant resin composition comprising a polyolefin resin and hydrate of calcium silicate containing 30% by weight or more of platy crystals and/or needle shaped crystals with an aspect ratio of 3 or higher in sheet form and having metal sheet on both sides thereof.

Abstract: Just before a container is sealed by a container sealing apparatus or a container has a sealing body fed to its narrow-mouth by a sealing body feeder, an inert gas is blown into a head space of the container to replaced air present in the head space, and thereafter the container is immediately sealed or a sealing body is fed thereto to sealingly confine the inert gas within the head space. Preferably prior to the above-mentioned step, a heated gas is fed into the head space of the container which has been filled with a liquid to eliminate bubbles existing within the head space and remove the air trapped in the bubbles by the thermal energy of the heated gas. An apparatus to be used for practicing the above method is also disclosed.

Abstract: An oxygen concentration detector under a temperature control for an internal combustion engine. An oxygen sensor of a critical current type is held between a gas under test and a reference gas, in the vicinity of which a heater is located for heating up the oxygen sensor in a sensor activating temperature range. A first voltage is applied for a positive bias control to the oxygen sensor during a first period, and a second voltage is applied for a negative bias control thereto during a second period. Electric current flowing through the oxygen sensor is detected during the first period in order to detect the oxygen concentration in the gas under test. The current value is also detected during the second period in order to detect and maintain constant the internal electric resistance of the oxygen sensor by controlling the heater heating output.

Abstract: An improved washing device in washing a sealing portion of an apparatus for sealing a container such as a bottle includes a washing cap adapted to be detachably mounted to a bottom of a sealing plunger of the sealing apparatus, and a washing liquid circulating device for circulating a washing liquid to portions of the sealing plunger to be washed by the intermediary of the washing cap.

Abstract: A flat coil for use in a rotary electric machine has an annular row of generally radially extending and circumferentially spaced electrically conductive segments (1) on each annular end face of an electrically insulating base member (2). Each segment has a non-effective section disposed adjacent to the radially inner end of the segment and having a mean thickness greater than that of the remaining sections of the segment to improve the cooling ability of the coil. The segments are formed by punching a blank of thin copper sheet to form therein an annular row of radially extending and circumferentially spaced slits to thereby form an annular row of radially extending and circumferentially spaced segments. Before or after the blank is punched, the blank is subjected to forging, electrolytic plating, electrolyzing treatment or mechanical treatment so that the non-effective section of each segment has a thickness greater than that of the remaining sections.

Abstract: An oxygen gas concentration-sensing device comprises a solid electrolyte body which is prepared from an oxygen ion-permeable metal oxide and whose first surface is exposed to the gas to be sensed and the second surface is exposed to a reference gas. First and second electrodes are respectively pressed against the first and second surface of the solid electrolyte body. The first electrode exposed to the gas is covered with a porous gas diffusion-resisting layer. This gas diffusion-resisting layer is chosen to have an average pore-size ranging from 300 .ANG. to 400 .ANG..

Abstract: An exhaust apparatus for a vehicle having an internal combustion engine mounted on a vehicle body. The engine includes a supercharger comprising an exhaust turbine coupled to an exhaust passage of the engine and a compressor is coupled to an intake passage of the engine. The exhaust apparatus comprises an exhaust passage having one end coupled to the exhaust turbine. A first muffler is coupled to the other end of the exhaust passage and a diverging member has one end coupled to the exhaust passage at a point upstream from the first muffler. A second muffler is coupled to the other end of the diverging means.

Abstract: A moving body detecting apparatus comprises a television camera for picking up an object and delivering video signals thereof, a memory for storing values of spatial filter function in corresponding relation to the picture elements of the television camera, a multiplier for multiplying the video signals by the spatial filter function read out from the memory in synchronism with scanning by the television camera, an integrator for integrating the multiplied signals for a required area, and a calculating device for calculating the desired information as to the moving body, such as its speed, from the result of integration.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has a compressor in its intake passage and an exhaust turbine driven by exhaust gases, the turbine driving the compressor. A charge pipe downstream from the compressor charges a plenum chamber and the output from the plenum chamber passes through an intake pipe equipped with a throttle valve. The cross section area of the charge pipe is less than that of the maximum opening through the throttle valve. A branch pipe connects the charge pipe to a resonance chamber and the cross section area of the branch pipe is equal to or greater than the restricted cross section area of the charge pipe, with the result that surging of the compressor is minimized.

Abstract: A supercharger apparatus for an internal combustion engine having an intake passage member coupled to the internal combustion engine. The intake passage member comprises a compressor, a pre-chamber on the downstream side of the compressor, a throttle valve on the downstream side of the pre-chamber, and a heat insulating elastic member interposed between the compressor and the pre-chamber and between the pre-chamber and an intake port of the engine. The portion of the intake passage that has the pre-chamber and the valve is supported in a floating condition by said elastic member on both ends thereof.

Abstract: A limiting current type oxygen analyzer designed for detecting oxygen concentration comprising a solid electrolyte element made from an oxygen ion conductive metal oxide and a pair of porous film electrodes provided on the inner and outer sides of said element respectively, at least one side electrodes being coated with a gas-diffusive resistive layer made from a porous insulating metal oxide, wherein the oxygen ions in the gas to which said element is exposed are caused to diffuse in the inside of said electrolyte element by applying a given voltage across said both electrodes and the limiting current corresponding to the concentration of said diffused oxygen ions is measured to determine the oxygen concentration in the gas to be analyzed, further characterized in that said gas-diffusive resistive layer is composed of a three-layer structure consisting of the first, second and third layers counted from the electrode side, said first layer having porosity of 11-15%, the second layer 6-8% and the third layer 1

Abstract: A device for sensing the oxygen concentration in an exhaust gas has a cup-like oxygen-ion permeable cylindrical member made of solid electrolyte consisting of oxygen-ion conducting metal oxide. The cylindrical member has an inner circumferential surface communicating with the atmosphere and an outer circumferential surface communicating with the exhaust gas for producing an electromotive force corresponding to a difference between the oxygen concentrations on the inner circumferential surface and on the outer circumferential surface and has a negative-resistance temperature characteristic. A pair of first electrodes serving as a lean sensor each comprise a thin film made of porous metal material and are provided on the inner circumferential surface and outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical member, respectively, in opposed relationship to each other. An oxygen-gas diffusion limiting layer covers the lean sensing electrode on the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical member.

Abstract: A process for producing a polyolefin characterized by polymerizing an olefin in the presence of a catalytic system composed of solid titanium trichloride, an organic aluminum compound, an aromatic hydrocarbon and a monocarboxylic acid ester having an olefinic double bond or an aromatic ring in the molecule thereof.

Abstract: An oxygen concentration sensor is provided for sensing a concentration of oxygen in a sensing gas, in which a solid reference material acting as a solid pole is housed within a container on the inner surface of which an electrode is provided. A sealing material having an output terminal is located to seal the entrance of the container so as to electrically connect the inner surface electrode to the output terminal through the sealing material.

Abstract: An oxygen concentration sensor including a solid electrolyte member having two portions, one portion being exposed to a gas of interest and the other portion being exposed to the atmosphere, an inner cover formed with a first space communicating portion arranged to communicate with the other portion of the solid electrolyte member, and a water-proof cover enclosing the inner cover to define a ventilating passage between the inner cover and the water-proof cover and formed with a second space communicating portion maintaining the first space communicating portion of the inner cover in communication with the atmosphere through the ventilating passage. The second space communicating portion of the water-proof cover is axially spaced apart from the first space communicating portion of the inner cover by a predetermined distance. Also included is structure to prohibit the flow of water through said ventilating passage. The second space communicating portion is separated from this structure.

Abstract: A propylene-ethylene block copolymer is produced in the presence of a catalytic system essentially comprising an organoaluminum compound and a solid titanium trichloride catalytic complex having an atomic ratio of Al to Ti of less than 0.15 and having a complexing agent in two stages of polymerization;(a) a first stage for polymerizing propylene in the presence of a liquid propylene and hydrogen to produce a propylene homopolymer having a melt flow index of 1 to 150 at a ratio of 70 to 95% by weight based on a total of polymers; and(b) a second stage for copolymerizing propylene and ethylene in the presence of hydrogen and a liquid propylene at a concentration of propylene in vapor phase based on a total of propylene and ethylene in vapor phase of 50 to 85 mol. % and at a concentration of hydrogen in vapor phase based on a total of propylene and ethylene in vapor phase of 0.5 to 30 mol %, to produce ethylene-propylene copolymer having a melt flow index of 10.sup.-7 to 0.

Abstract: A solid electrolyte for an oxygen concentration sensor is provided by mixing ZrO.sub.2 and about 7.5 to 8.5% by mol of a stabilizer such as Y.sub.2 O.sub.3, grinding the mixture to have a BET specific surface are of about 9 to 20 m.sup.2 /g, adding to the ground mixture a forming aid, forming the mixture into a predetermined configuration and firing the formed mixture at about 1420.degree. to 1520.degree. C. The electrolyte has a surface-average grain size of about 5 microns or less and a structure of a cubic phase alone at the surface thereof and even in a finely ground state.