Abstract: A method of fabricating a liquid crystal display device includes forming a first alignment layer on a first substrate, forming a second alignment layer on a second substrate, disposing the first substrate and the second substrate such that the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer are spaced apart, forming a liquid crystal layer including liquid crystal molecules between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer and forming an electrode layer on one of the first substrate and the second substrate, the electrode layer applying an electric field to the liquid crystal molecules along a direction parallel to the first and second substrates, the forming the first alignment layer including applying a copolymer solution including first moieties and second moieties, and the first moieties have affinity with the first substrate, and the second moieties have compatibility with the liquid crystal molecules and heating the first alignment layer.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a liquid crystal display device includes forming a first alignment layer on a first substrate, forming a second alignment layer on a second substrate, disposing the first substrate and the second substrate such that the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer are spaced apart, forming a liquid crystal layer including liquid crystal molecules between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer and forming an electrode layer on one of the first substrate and the second substrate, the electrode layer applying an electric field to the liquid crystal molecules along a direction parallel to the first and second substrates, the forming the first alignment layer including applying a copolymer solution including first moieties and second moieties, and the first moieties have affinity with the first substrate, and the second moieties have compatibility with the liquid crystal molecules and heating the first alignment layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment includes a light source; a first substrate on which a first alignment layer is formed; a second substrate on which a second alignment layer is formed; a liquid crystal layer between the first and second alignment layers; and an electrode layer on one of the first and second substrates, the electrode layer applying an electric field to liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer along a direction parallel to the first and second substrates, wherein when the electric field is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are twistedly arranged from the second alignment layer to the first alignment layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment includes a light source; a first substrate on which a first alignment layer is formed; a second substrate on which a second alignment layer is formed; a liquid crystal layer between the first and second alignment layers; and an electrode layer on one of the first and second substrates, the electrode layer applying an electric field to liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer along a direction parallel to the first and second substrates, wherein when the electric field is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are twistedly arranged from the second alignment layer to the first alignment layer.

Abstract: There are provided a conductive nanowire network, a conductive board and transparent electrode utilizing it, and a method for producing the same. The conductive nanowire network of the invention has essentially unbroken, continuous conductive nanowires randomly formed into a network. In the method for producing a conductive nanowire network according to the invention, nanofibers are applied in a random network-like fashion onto a substrate covered with a conductive layer, the conductive layer regions that are not covered with the nanofibers are removed, and then the nanofibers are removed. The network structure (wire diameter and network density) are also controlled to obtain a transparent electrode exhibiting both transparency and conductivity.

Abstract: A substrate for a flexible display device according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a self-supporting film where a particle has a grafted polymer chain and is disposed in two dimensions or three dimensions through the grafted polymer chain.

Abstract: A substrate for a flexible display device according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a self-supporting film where a particle has a grafted polymer chain and is disposed in two dimensions or three dimensions through the grafted polymer chain.

Abstract: There are provided a conductive nanowire network, a conductive board and transparent electrode utilizing it, and a method for producing the same. The conductive nanowire network of the invention has essentially unbroken, continuous conductive nanowires randomly formed into a network. In the method for producing a conductive nanowire network according to the invention, nanofibers are applied in a random network-like fashion onto a substrate covered with a conductive layer, the conductive layer regions that are not covered with the nanofibers are removed, and then the nanofibers are removed. The network structure (wire diameter and network density) are also controlled to obtain a transparent electrode exhibiting both transparency and conductivity.

Abstract: Disclosed are a liquid crystal display element exhibiting a continuous gradation memory property as well as different display properties substantially similar to those of a liquid crystal display element having nematic liquid crystals, while enabling continuous tone display, and a method for manufacturing the same.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal display device to display moving and still images with superior image quality, comparable to common LCDs and to display memory images by a voltage lower than conventional electronic paper, and a method for operating the same. The liquid crystal display device comprises: a pair of electrode substrates facing each other; an orientation film of a polymer material on the pair of electrode substrates; a liquid crystal material between the pair of electrode substrates, wherein the liquid crystal display device displays an image by varying orientation of the liquid crystal material and a surfacial region of the orientation film, depending on temperature and voltage.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal display device to display moving and still images with superior image quality, comparable to common LCDs and to display memory images by a voltage lower than conventional electronic paper, and a method for operating the same. The liquid crystal display device comprises: a pair of electrode substrates facing each other; an orientation film of a polymer material on the pair of electrode substrates; a liquid crystal material between the pair of electrode substrates, wherein the liquid crystal display device displays an image by varying orientation of the liquid crystal material and a surfacial region of the orientation film, depending on temperature and voltage.

Abstract: Disclosed are a liquid crystal display element exhibiting a continuous gradation memory property as well as different display properties substantially similar to those of a liquid crystal display element having nematic liquid crystals, while enabling continuous tone display, and a method for manufacturing the same.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium having a non-magnetic base and a dispersion of magnetic particles coated thereon. The magnetic layer includes a polyoxyalkylene substituted organosilicic compound to reduce friction and to reduce wear on the magnetic head.