Abstract: A light source that has a small size can provide uniform light at high efficiency and can have a high degree of freedom in design, a method for manufacturing this light source, and a projector having this light source include a solid-state light-emitting chip that supplies G-light, which is light of a predetermined wavelength range, a support, a package mold, and a heat sink that constitute a solid-state light-emitting chip supporting part for supporting the solid-state light-emitting chip, an optical guide that reflects the G-light and thus causes the G-light to exit into an illuminating direction, and a support, which is an optical guide supporting part for supporting the optical guide. A light exiting surface of the solid-state light-emitting chip and a light incident surface of the optical guide are provided at a predetermined spacing. The solid-state light-emitting chip is, for example, an InGaN-based LED flip chip.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of the invention provide a spatial light modulator that is inexpensive, has a long life and a high light use efficiency, and with which can be obtained a high-contrast image, and a projector disposed with the spatial light modulator. Exemplary embodiments provide a spatial light modulator including a liquid crystal layer that includes plural aperture regions AP, modulates light in accordance with image signals and emits the modulated light; and microlens elements that are disposed at an incident side of the liquid crystal layer in correspondence to the aperture regions AP and condense the light made incident so that the light passes through the aperture regions AP. The microlens elements include plural focal positions f1 and f2 that are different per plural substantially annular portions R1 and R2 around an optical axis AX.

Abstract: To provide a light source unit and a projector with high light utilization efficiency, the unit has a surface emitting part to emit light from a planer emitting region, a reflecting metal electrode provided on one surface side of the surface emitting part, a square pyramid prism on the other surface side of the surface emitting part 101 and including glass. A bottom surface of the square pyramid prism 104 has substantially the same size and shape as the planer emitting region 101a. Inclined surfaces of the square pyramid prism output the light refracted by the inclined surfaces of the light that has entered the square pyramid prism from the bottom surface in a specific direction and guide the light reflected by the inclined surfaces toward the bottom surface. The reflecting metal electrode reflects the light that has been reflected by the inclined surfaces and transmitted through the bottom surface and the surface emitting part toward the square pyramid prism again.

Abstract: The invention provides a compact and bright image display device using a tilt-mirror device and a projector using the image display device. An image display device of the present invention can include a first color-ray light-source for supplying a G-ray, a second color-ray light-source for supplying a R-ray or B-ray, and a tilt-mirror device having a plurality of movable mirror elements being alternatively switchable the position thereof between a first reflection position and a second reflection position. The first color-ray light-source can be arranged so that the G-ray is reflected in a predetermined direction when the movable mirror elements are located in the first reflection position, and the G-ray is reflected in a direction when the movable mirror elements are located in the second reflection position.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of the present invention provide a display panel or the like in which it is easy to enlarge a size of the display panel. A display panel according to exemplary embodiments includes a first transparent electrode layer and a second transparent electrode layer which are optically transparent, a conductivity-variable layer which is provided on the first transparent electrode layer, and an electroluminescent layer which is provided between the conductivity-variable layer and the second transparent electrode layer, and which emits light by applying a voltage thereto.

Abstract: An optically controlled device includes a transparent electrode, a conductivity variable portion, a driving electrode, a movable unit, and a support portion. A method of controlling the optically controlled device includes inputting a control light into the transparent electrode, applying a voltage modulated according to an input signal between the transparent electrode and the movable unit, and moving the movable unit to a predetermined position by generating a force corresponding to the voltage between the driving electrode and the movable unit based on a change of electrical conductivity of the conductivity variable portion.

Abstract: A scanning device, a laser projector and an optical device that are capable of accomplishing a wide scanning area in a simple manner include a galvanomirror that is a scanning part scans a laser light in a two-dimensional direction. The laser light from the galvanomirror is incident on a scanning optical system. The scanning optical system includes a first lens group having a positive refracting power and a second lens group having the positive refracting power in this order from the scanning part. The galvanomirror is disposed in the vicinity of a focal position that is located at an incident side of the laser light of the first lens group. The first lens group and second lens group are disposed such that the focal position that is located at an exiting side of the laser light of the first lens group is approximately coincident with the focal position that is located at an incident side of the laser of the second lens group.

Abstract: A projector includes a super-high pressure mercury lamp a spatial light-modulator that modulates a light from the super-high mercury lamp based on an image signal, a projection lens that projects the light modulated, and an optical filter that is used to insert a prism group in the optical path and to remove the prism group that is inserted in the optical path, and a position fixing part that makes a relative-angle between each spatial light-modulator and the prism group constant.

Abstract: A projector with high safety is provided by directly shutting down the laser beam production when normal scanning of the laser beam is not carried out, thereby reducing exposure to the laser beam. For this purpose, the projector is provided with a laser beam source (10) that outputs a laser beam and modulates the laser beam in a beam form based on an image signal, a scanning unit (30) that scans the laser beam output by the laser beam source (10) at least in one-dimensional direction, a scan driving unit (50) that drive controls the scanning unit by a first force, a retaining unit (40) that stops and retains the scanning unit at a predetermined position by a second force, and a light shielding unit (70) that shields the laser beam from the scanning unit (30) that is retained by the retaining unit (40). The scan driving unit (50) releases the scanning unit (30) retained by the retaining unit (40), and drives it when the first force is larger than the second force.

Abstract: To provide an image display device and a rear projector which are compact and light in weight and which can afford a large screen, and a screen which is well suited for them, a screen having a first surface which laser lights enter, and a second surface from which the laser lights exit, includes an illuminant for R light, an illuminant for G light, and an illuminant for B light, which generate the R light, G light and B light by being irradiated with the UV laser lights, respectively. The first surface includes openings which pass the UV laser lights therethrough so as to irradiate the illuminants for the respective colored lights, ,with the UV laser lights, and light shield portions provided at the peripheral parts of the openings in order to intercept the UV laser lights.

Abstract: To provide a space light modulating apparatus and a projector that offers a smooth image without a light-shielding part such as a black matrix being recognized, the projector includes a space light modulating apparatus (110R) that modulates incident light based on an image signal, and that outputs modulated light, and a group of prisms (210) that is installed on output-side of the space light modulating apparatus (110R). The space light modulating apparatus (110R) includes opening sections (230) that are a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix form and a black matrix (220) placed between the opening sections. The group of prisms (210) is constituted by prism elements (211) each of which has at least a refracting surface (212). Light from one of the opening sections (230) is incident on at least one portion of the group of prisms (210).

Abstract: The invention relates to a small-format exposure head wherein ball lenses are positioned in alignment with individual devices of an organic EL array to efficiently collect a light beam from each device onto an image carrier such as a photosensitive material with no crosstalk yet with sufficient resolving power, and an imaging system incorporating the same. An array of organic EL devices is provided on a long length of substrate 3 in at least one row of pixel arrangement. On the light-emitting side of the array of organic EL devices, a ball lens 10 is positioned in alignment and contact with each light emitter 2 of the organic EL device. The ball lens 10 formed of a transparent material having a refractive index of 2 or greater.

Abstract: A digital drive apparatus has a memory cell array. Each memory cell includes a storage section that stores a supply of data therein and that is capable of keeping output corresponding to the stored data, and a transfer element that is capable of transferring the data to the storage section. The memory cell also has an address terminal that supplies an address signal to the transfer element, a data terminal that is connected with the transfer element and supplies the data to the storage section via the transfer element, and an output terminal that outputs the data stored in the storage section. The memory cell further includes a reset terminal that supplies a reset signal, which sets the output of the storage section to a predetermined state, to the storage section regardless of the data previously stored in the storage section.

Abstract: A micromachine and a manufacturing method are provided for a micromachine that has a dynamic first microstructured portion serving as a drive portion, and a static second microstructured portion adapted to perform a switching function and which functions as an optical element. The second microstructured portion can be manufactured at least without complex steps, such as a silicon process, by forming a static second microstructure on the dynamic first microstructured portion, or in such a way as to be overlaid thereon by mold transfer. Thus, the microstructured portion of a complex shape can be easily formed with good reproducibility. When a plurality of elements are arranged in an array, similarly as in the case of a spatial light modulator, the stable reproduction thereof is achieved by the mold transfer. Thus, as compared with the case of manufacturing all elements in a silicon process, the probability of an occurrence of a defect is very low.

Abstract: The invention provides a display panel having high light-extraction efficiency which can be easily produced. The present invention provides a display panel including an emission layer having a light-emitting layer and a transparent member (transmission layer) having recesses, an inclined surface of the recesses acting as a total reflection surface to reflect part of light radiated from the light-emitting layer. The display panel changes the optical path by total reflection, thus having no light-absorption loss and having high light-extraction efficiency. Since there is no need to deposit a reflecting film, it is easy to produce. Thus, a high-intensity display panel can be provided at low cost.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a small optical writing head, such as an organic EL array exposure head, having long work distance with little crosstalk, a method of manufacturing the same, and an image forming apparatus using the same. The optical writing head is an optical writing head which projects fluxes of modulated light from light-emitting parts 2 of a light-emitting element array such as an organic EL array or fluxes of modulated light transmitted through shutter parts 2 of an optical shutter element array onto an image carrier 11 to form a predetermined pattern on the image carrier 11. The optical writing head comprises ball lenses 10 which are arranged such that the alignment of the ball lenses 10 corresponds to the alignment of the light-emitting parts 2 of the light-emitting element array or the shutter parts 2 of the optical shutter element array.

Abstract: The invention provides a compact and bright image display device using a tilt-mirror device and a projector using the image display device. An image display device of the present invention can include a first color-ray light-source for supplying a G-ray, a second color-ray light-source for supplying a R-ray or B-ray, and a tilt-mirror device having a plurality of movable mirror elements being alternatively switchable the position thereof between a first reflection position and a second reflection position. The first color-ray light-source can be arranged so that the G-ray is reflected in a predetermined direction when the movable mirror elements are located in the first reflection position, and the G-ray is reflected in a direction when the movable mirror elements are located in the second reflection position.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical switching element causing less loss of light and permitting high response, thinning of an optical system for illumination, and the realization of an image display device exhibiting precise grayscale properties. In the optical switching element, an extraction surface of a light extraction unit mounted to a thin film is brought into contact with the total reflection surface of a light guide serving as a light guide unit comprising a glass plate or the like for transmitting light by total reflection, or near at a distance from the total reflection, surface for allowing extraction of evanescent waves, to extract the incident light transmitted through the light guide and emit the extracted light to the outside through an emission member.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical switching element causing less loss of light and permitting high response, thinning of an optical system for illumination, and the realization of an image display device exhibiting precise grayscale properties. In the optical switching element, an extraction surface of a light extraction unit mounted to a thin film is brought into contact with the total reflection surface of a light guide serving as a light guide unit comprising a glass plate or the like for transmitting light by total reflection, or near at a distance from the total reflection, surface for allowing extraction of evanescent waves, to extract the incident light transmitted through the light guide and emit the extracted light to the outside through an emission member.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical switching element causing less loss of light and permitting high response, thinning of an optical system for illumination, and the realization of an image display device exhibiting precise grayscale properties. In the optical switching element, an extraction surface of a light extraction unit mounted to a thin film is brought into contact with the total reflection surface of a light guide serving as a light guide unit comprising a glass plate or the like for transmitting light by total reflection, or near at a distance from the total reflection, surface for allowing extraction of evanescent waves, to extract the incident light transmitted through the light guide and emit the extracted light to the outside through an emission member.