Abstract: An electrode manufacturing apparatus according to one aspect of the present disclosure is configured to discharge a liquid to form a resin layer or an inorganic layer on an electrode substrate which is being conveyed in a predetermined direction. The electrode manufacturing apparatus includes a detector, a liquid discharger provided downstream of the detector in the predetermined direction and configured to discharge the liquid to form the resin layer or the inorganic layer, and a controller configured to control a discharge condition of the liquid discharger. Points where a property varies are present on the electrode substrate along a direction intersecting the predetermined direction. The detector outputs pieces of detection information obtained by detecting one of the points in time series, and the controller controls the discharge condition of the liquid discharger based on combined detection information obtained by combining the pieces of detection information.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming device, a rotatable conveying member, and a suction device. The image forming device forms an image on a continuous recording medium. The conveying member has a hollow drum shape. The conveying member conveys the continuous recording medium. The suction device is disposed inside the hollow drum shape of the conveying member. The suction device sucks the continuous recording medium through the conveying member in a fixed region in which the continuous recording medium and the conveying member are in contact with each other.

Abstract: A liquid discharge apparatus includes a liquid discharge head including a nozzle face including a nozzle configured to discharge a liquid, a head cap configured to cover the nozzle face of the liquid discharge head, a buffer tank disposed downstream from the head cap in a direction of collection of the liquid from the liquid discharge head and configured to temporarily store the liquid, a communication passage coupling the head cap and the buffer tank, and a heater configured to heat the liquid stored in the buffer tank. The quid discharge apparatus further includes a heat source configured to generate heat and a heat introduction passage coupling the heat source with the buffer tank, to introduce exhaust heat from the heat source into the buffer tank.

Abstract: A device includes a temperature control member and a linearly-contact member. The temperature control member has an outer peripheral surface to contact a conveyed substrate to which liquid is applied, and heats or cools the substrate. The linearly-contact member contacts the substrate and the temperature control member on an upstream side from a contact position between the substrate and the temperature control member in a conveyance direction of the substrate.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming device, a rotatable conveying member, and a suction device. The image forming device forms an image on a continuous recording medium. The conveying member has a hollow drum shape. The conveying member conveys the continuous recording medium. The suction device is disposed inside the hollow drum shape of the conveying member. The suction device sucks the continuous recording medium through the conveying member in a fixed region in which the continuous recording medium and the conveying member are in contact with each other.

Abstract: An apparatus according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a temperature controlling member configured to heat or cool a conveyed substrate to which a liquid is applied, the conveyed substrate contacting an outer peripheral surface of the temperature controlling member; and an upstream inlet air unit configured to draw air between the substrate and the temperature controlling member, the upstream inlet air unit being provided upstream of a contact location of the substrate with the temperature controlling member, in a conveying direction.

Abstract: A device includes a temperature control member and a linearly-contact member. The temperature control member has an outer peripheral surface to contact a conveyed substrate to which liquid is applied, and heats or cools the substrate. The linearly-contact member contacts the substrate and the temperature control member on an upstream side from a contact position between the substrate and the temperature control member in a conveyance direction of the substrate.

Abstract: A liquid discharge apparatus includes a liquid discharge head including a nozzle face including a nozzle configured to discharge a liquid, a head cap configured to cover the nozzle face of the liquid discharge head, a buffer tank disposed downstream from the head cap in a direction of collection of the liquid from the liquid discharge head and configured to temporarily store the liquid, a communication passage coupling the head cap and the buffer tank, and a heater configured to heat the liquid stored in the buffer tank. The quid discharge apparatus further includes a heat source configured to generate heat and a heat introduction passage coupling the heat source with the buffer tank, to introduce exhaust heat from the heat source into the buffer tank.

Abstract: An apparatus according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a temperature controlling member configured to heat or cool a conveyed substrate to which a liquid is applied, the conveyed substrate contacting an outer peripheral surface of the temperature controlling member; and an upstream inlet air unit configured to draw air between the substrate and the temperature controlling member, the upstream inlet air unit being provided upstream of a contact location of the substrate with the temperature controlling member, in a conveying direction.

Abstract: A line head type liquid discharge apparatus includes a treatment liquid applying device, a first discharging device, a heating device, and a second discharging device. The treatment liquid applying device applies a treatment liquid to a non-permeable base material. The first discharging device discharges a first ink containing an organic solvent onto the non-permeable base material to which the treatment liquid has been applied. The heating device heats, with an infrared ray, the non-permeable base material onto which the first ink has been discharged. The second discharging device discharges a second ink containing an organic solvent onto the non-permeable base material heated by the heating device. A content ratio of the organic solvent contained in the first ink is higher than a content ratio of the organic solvent contained in the second ink.

Abstract: A dryer includes a conveyor to convey a film including a first surface onto which a liquid is applied, a noncontact heater to heat the first surface of the film conveyed by the conveyor without contacting the first surface, a contact heater to contact and heat a second surface of the film opposite the first surface, and circuitry to set a first heating temperature of the contact heater less than 85° C. and set a second heating temperature of the noncontact heater to be 30° C. to 90° C. higher than the first heating temperature.

Abstract: A line head type liquid discharge apparatus includes a treatment liquid applying device, a first discharging device, a heating device, and a second discharging device. The treatment liquid applying device applies a treatment liquid to a non-permeable base material. The first discharging device discharges a first ink containing an organic solvent onto the non-permeable base material to which the treatment liquid has been applied. The heating device heats, with an infrared ray, the non-permeable base material onto which the first ink has been discharged. The second discharging device discharges a second ink containing an organic solvent onto the non-permeable base material heated by the heating device. A content ratio of the organic solvent contained in the first ink is higher than a content ratio of the organic solvent contained in the second ink.

Abstract: A dryer includes a conveyor to convey a film including a first surface onto which a liquid is applied, a noncontact heater to heat the first surface of the film conveyed by the conveyor without contacting the first surface, a contact heater to contact and heat a second surface of the film opposite the first surface, and circuitry to set a first heating temperature of the contact heater less than 85° C. and set a second heating temperature of the noncontact heater to be 30° C. to 90° C. higher than the first heating temperature.

Abstract: A maintenance device used in a liquid discharge head includes a first cap to seal a nozzle face of the liquid discharge head, a second cap disposed outside the first cap, and a humidity conditioner disposed outside the first cap and inside the second cap. The second cap seals the first cap and at least a contact portion between the nozzle face of the liquid discharge head and the first cap. The humidity conditioner adjusts humidity in a space between the first cap and the second cap.

Abstract: A maintenance device used in a liquid discharge head includes a first cap to seal a nozzle face of the liquid discharge head, a second cap disposed outside the first cap, and a humidity conditioner disposed outside the first cap and inside the second cap. The second cap seals the first cap and at least a contact portion between the nozzle face of the liquid discharge head and the first cap. The humidity conditioner adjusts humidity in a space between the first cap and the second cap.

Abstract: A developing device includes a developer bearer disposed facing a latent image bearer in a development range, and an alternating voltage application unit to apply alternating voltage to the developer bearer to generate an alternating electrical field in the development range to cause toner to move from the developer bearer to the latent image bearer while reciprocating therebetween. The alternating voltage has a frequency within a range from 20 kHz to 60 kHz and a peak-to-peak voltage equal to or greater than 300 V.

Abstract: A developing device includes a developer bearer disposed facing a latent image bearer in a development range, and an alternating voltage application unit to apply alternating voltage to the developer bearer to generate an alternating electrical field in the development range to cause toner to move from the developer bearer to the latent image bearer while reciprocating therebetween. The alternating voltage has a frequency within a range from 20 kHz to 60 kHz and a peak-to-peak voltage equal to or greater than 300 V.