Abstract: There is provided a transverse current suppressing material that suppresses a transverse current of an organic electroluminescent element, a carbazole compound, a hole-injection layer containing the transverse current suppressing material and the carbazole compound and an organic electroluminescent element that has good drive voltage, luminous efficiency and durability and has a lower transverse current. A transverse current suppressing material for an organic electroluminescent element, represented by the formula (1) [In the formula (1), A is represented by the formula (2) or (3), and B is represented by the formula (4)].

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a cyclic azine compound exhibiting both excellent driving voltage characteristics and excellent current efficiency characteristics. The desired cyclic azine compound has a specific structure represented by formula (1).

Abstract: A long-length film including a plurality of knurl portions shaped by continuous linear concavo-convex portions on at least one surface thereof, wherein the plurality of knurl portions are aligned in a lengthwise direction of the long-length film, a planar shape of the knurl portion seen from a thickness direction of the long-length film includes: 10 or more corners having a curvature radius of 0.3 mm or less and an angle of 100° or less or a curvature radius of 0.2 mm or less and an angle of 120° or less, per one planar shape of the knurl portion; and 18 or more straight portions having a straight shape, per one planar shape of the knurl portion.

Abstract: A method for producing an optical film including a cutting step of performing irradiation with a laser light onto a layered body having a glass support and a resin layer provided on the support to cut the resin layer, wherein in the cutting step, the irradiation with the laser light is performed such that a beam of the laser light has a flat energy distribution, and a distance between a focus of the laser light and a receiving point of the laser light on a surface of the resin layer where the laser light is received or a ratio P/V of an output P of the laser light relative to a scanning speed V is in a specific range.

Abstract: A long-length film including a plurality of knurl portions shaped by continuous linear concavo-convex portions on at least one surface thereof, wherein the plurality of knurl portions are aligned in a lengthwise direction of the long-length film, a planar shape of the knurl portion seen from a thickness direction of the long-length film includes: 10 or more corners having a curvature radius of 0.3 mm or less and an angle of 100° or less or a curvature radius of 0.2 mm or less and an angle of 120° or less, per one planar shape of the knurl portion; and 18 or more straight portions having a straight shape, per one planar shape of the knurl portion.

Abstract: A method for producing an optical film including a cutting step of performing irradiation with a laser light onto a layered body having a glass support and a resin layer provided on the support to cut the resin layer, wherein in the cutting step, the irradiation with the laser light is performed such that a beam of the laser light has a flat energy distribution, and a distance between a focus of the laser light and a receiving point of the laser light on a surface of the resin layer where the laser light is received or a ratio P/V of an output P of the laser light relative to a scanning speed V is in a specific range.

Abstract: A cooling system for a piston of an internal combustion engine includes a cooling channel (34) designed as an oil passage embedded in the piston and arranged adjacent to a top ring groove, and an oil supply portion (8) that supplies oil to the cooling channel. An amount of oil supplied from the oil supply portion to the cooling channel is made larger when an amount of heat generated in a combustion chamber is large than when the amount of heat generated in the combustion chamber is small.

Abstract: To allow the correspondence between a region having different susceptibility and a tissue structure to be easily visible, a phase change weighted image is produced by use of a phase of each pixel of phase change image data and a color bar, and an absolute value image is produced by use of an absolute value of each pixel of absolute value image data and a grayscale. Then, a phase change fused image in which the phase change weighted image and absolute value image are overlaid on each other is displayed.

Abstract: To allow the correspondence between a region having different susceptibility and a tissue structure to be easily visible, a phase change weighted image is produced by use of a phase of each pixel of phase change image data and a color bar, and an absolute value image is produced by use of an absolute value of each pixel of absolute value image data and a grayscale. Then, a phase change fused image in which the phase change weighted image and absolute value image are overlaid on each other is displayed.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus for causing the light from a light source to enter the incident surface of a light guide plate and to project the light toward an object of illumination from the exit surface of the light guide plate extending in the direction perpendicular to the incident surface. The light source is made by placing a light-emitting diode on or near the light source rod extending in the longitudinal direction parallel to the incident surface of the light guide plate. The light source rod and the light guide plate are integrally made by forming a slot in a common plate.