Abstract: A reaction wheel detects an angular momentum. A satellite controller selects a target thruster based on the detected angular momentum. A power supply apparatus changes adjustment electric power for the target thruster. A flow rate adjustment apparatus supplies a propellant to the target thruster at a flow rate corresponding to the adjustment electric power. This changes a thrust of the target thruster. When a discharge current of the target thruster does not become a target current, the power supply apparatus further changes the adjustment electric power for the target thruster.

Abstract: Provided is a technique that uses an established hepatocyte cell line in a method for evaluating an effect of a cytokine on a metabolic activity of a cytochrome P450 and in a method for evaluating a drug which interacts with a cytokine. The method for evaluating an effect of a cytokine on a metabolic activity of a cytochrome P450 includes: culturing an established hepatocyte cell line by using a culture chamber (10) including culture rooms (11), to thereby form spheroids (9); and evaluating the presence or absence of induction or attenuation of the cytochrome P450 after bringing a spheroid-shaped established hepatocyte cell line into contact with a test solution containing the cytokine in the culture chamber for one hour or more and less than 96 hours.

Abstract: Provided are a method capable of evaluating adherent cells under an environment similar to an in vivo environment by a culture method similar to a two-dimensional culture, and applications thereof. An adherent cell culture method uses, as a culture chamber (10), a chamber in which two or more culture spaces each having an equivalent diameter (D) that is 1 to 5 times the diameter of a desired spheroid and each having a height (H) that is 0.3 to 5 times the equivalent diameter are arranged and a surface of each of the culture spaces has a water contact angle of 45 degrees or less. Spheroids of adherent cells are cultured in the respective culture spaces (11) arranged in the culture chamber (10).

Abstract: Provided is a technique that uses an established hepatocyte cell line in a method for evaluating an effect of a cytokine on a metabolic activity of a cytochrome P450 and in a method for evaluating a drug which interacts with a cytokine. The method for evaluating an effect of a cytokine on a metabolic activity of a cytochrome P450 includes: culturing an established hepatocyte cell line by using a culture chamber (10) including culture rooms (11), to thereby form spheroids (9); and evaluating the presence or absence of induction or attenuation of the cytochrome P450 after bringing a spheroid-shaped established hepatocyte cell line into contact with a test solution containing the cytokine in the culture chamber for one hour or more and less than 96 hours.

Abstract: Provided are a method capable of evaluating adherent cells under an environment similar to an in vivo environment by a culture method similar to a two-dimensional culture, and applications thereof. An adherent cell culture method uses, as a culture chamber (10), a chamber in which two or more culture spaces each having an equivalent diameter (D) that is 1 to 5 times the diameter of a desired spheroid and each having a height (H) that is 0.3 to 5 times the equivalent diameter are arranged and a surface of each of the culture spaces has a water contact angle of 45 degrees or less. Spheroids of adherent cells are cultured in the respective culture spaces (11) arranged in the culture chamber (10).

Abstract: Provided is a method that achieves control of embryoid body size and can induce differentiation in a state where the embryoid body size is controlled, by using a cell culture chamber having a plurality of microchambers formed therein. A culture method for causing differentiation of pluripotent mammalian cells uses a cell culture chamber (10) having a plurality of microchambers (11) formed on a culture surface. The cell culture chamber (10) has a culture surface formed of spaces in which the microchambers (11) have a space structure with a height of 10 ?m to 500 ?m and a bottom area of 100 ?m2 to 1 mm2. The culture method for causing differentiation of pluripotent mammalian cells includes culturing pluripotent mammalian cells to obtain a cell population at least partially differentiated into endoderm lineage cells, by using the cell culture chambers (10).

Abstract: A reaction wheel detects an angular momentum. A satellite controller selects a target thruster based on the detected angular momentum. A power supply apparatus changes adjustment electric power for the target thruster. A flow rate adjustment apparatus supplies a propellant to the target thruster at a flow rate corresponding to the adjustment electric power. This changes a thrust of the target thruster. When a discharge current of the target thruster does not become a target current, the power supply apparatus further changes the adjustment electric power for the target thruster.

Abstract: Provided is a technique that uses an established hepatocyte cell line in a method for evaluating an effect of a cytokine on a metabolic activity of a cytochrome P450 and in a method for evaluating a drug which interacts with a cytokine. The method for evaluating an effect of a cytokine on a metabolic activity of a cytochrome P450 includes: culturing an established hepatocyte cell line by using a culture chamber (10) including culture rooms (11), to thereby form spheroids (9); and evaluating the presence or absence of induction or attenuation of the cytochrome P450 after bringing a spheroid-shaped established hepatocyte cell line into contact with a test solution containing the cytokine in the culture chamber for one hour or more and less than 96 hours.

Abstract: Provided are a method capable of evaluating adherent cells under an environment similar to an in vivo environment by a culture method similar to a two-dimensional culture, and applications thereof. An adherent cell culture method uses, as a culture chamber (10), a chamber in which two or more culture spaces each having an equivalent diameter (D) that is 1 to 5 times the diameter of a desired spheroid and each having a height (H) that is 0.3 to 5 times the equivalent diameter are arranged and a surface of each of the culture spaces has a water contact angle of 45 degrees or less. Spheroids of adherent cells are cultured in the respective culture spaces (11) arranged in the culture chamber (10).

Abstract: In a culture method for adipocytes, seeded adipocytes are cultured while being allowed to adhere to a culture bottom surface (14) and walls (12) disposed perpendicularly to the culture bottom surface (14), without suspending the adipocytes in a culture solution, thereby obtaining mature adipocytes in which spherical lipid droplets having increased in size are generated within cells. This method uses a culture chamber (10) in which the walls (12) are formed perpendicular to the culture bottom surface (14). Spherical mature adipocytes containing spherical lipid droplets having increased in size within cells are cultured in a state where a cell or an aggregate of cells is allowed to adhere to two or more locations on the walls (12) and the culture bottom surface (14), thereby obtaining adipocytes having a shape similar to that of adipocytes in vivo.

Abstract: Provided is a method that achieves control of embryoid body size and can induce differentiation in a state where the embryoid body size is controlled, by using a cell culture chamber having a plurality of microchambers formed therein. A culture method for causing differentiation of pluripotent mammalian cells uses a cell culture chamber (10) having a plurality of microchambers (11) formed on a culture surface. The cell culture chamber (10) has a culture surface formed of spaces in which the microchambers (11) have a space structure with a height of 10 ?m to 500 ?m and a bottom area of 100 ?m2 to 1 mm2. The culture method for causing differentiation of pluripotent mammalian cells includes culturing pluripotent mammalian cells to obtain a cell population at least partially differentiated into endoderm lineage cells, by using the cell culture chambers (10).