Abstract: This invention provides an electrode for an electrochemical cell in which an active material in an electrode material is a proton-conducting compound, wherein the electrode material comprises a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound or a polymer having a unit containing a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moiety.

Abstract: This invention provides an electrode for an electrochemical cell in which an active material in an electrode material is a proton-conducting compound, wherein the electrode material comprises a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound or a polymer having a unit containing a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moiety.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel indole carboxylic ester trimer which is characterized by being represented by the following general formula (1): wherein R represents a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms; n is an integer of 1-4; Xa? represents at least one anion selected from a group of anions having a valency of 1-3 consisting of chloride ion, bromide ion, iodide ion, fluoride ion, nitrate ion, sulfate ion, hydrogen sulfate ion, phosphate ion, borofluoride ion, perchlorate ion, thiocyanate ion, acetic acid ion, propionic acid ion, methanesulfonic acid ion, p-toluenesulfonic acid ion, trifluoroacetic acid ion and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid ion; a represents the ionic valence number of X and is an integer of 1-3; and m is 0-0.5.

Abstract: This invention relates to a polymer having a chain structure of a repeating unit of a proton-conducting compound which causes an electrochemical redox reaction in a solution of a proton source to act as an electrode active material, and a heterocyclic compound structure; and an electrochemical cell comprising the polymer as an electrode active material.

Abstract: A secondary battery and capacitor includes as an active material of an electrode a compound having a trimer structure comprising three structure units of one or more kind of indole compounds selected from indole and indole derivatives and a condensed polycyclic structure having a six-membered ring composed of atoms of the second and the third position of the each three structure units, wherein the active material comprises as the compound a first compound having a trimer structure wherein any bonds between the structure units are formed among the second position of one structure unit and the third position of the other structure unit and a second compound having a trimer structure comprising a bond formed among the second position of one structure unit and the second position of the other structure unit, and a proton is utilized as a charge carrier of the first compound and the second compound.

Abstract: This invention provides an electrode comprising a porous conductive substrate as well as an electrode active material and a conductive auxiliary filled in the pores in the substrate. This electrode exhibits improved shape stability (strength), a lower resistivity and better response. This electrode can be used to provide an electrochemical cell capable of quick charge/discharge and exhibiting improved cycle properties.

Abstract: A proton-conducting electric double layer capacitor comprising a electrolytic solution containing an aqueous solution of an organic or inorganic acid whereto a water-soluble N-containing heterocyclic compound is added.

Abstract: The present invention provides a secondary battery and a capacitor which may provide an excellent high rate and cycle characteristic as well as sufficient electromotive force and capacity. The secondary battery and a capacitor have an active material of an electrode comprising a trimer compound comprising three units of indole or indole derivatives in condensed ring form, wherein the second position and the third position of each unit form a six-membered ring, and a proton which can be utilized as a charge carrier of the trimer compound.

Abstract: A small battery and an electric double layer capacitor exhibit adequate cell voltage and capacitor withstand voltage. Specifically, the battery or electric double layer capacitor includes basic cells having a pair of electrodes oppositely laminated via the separator, and an electrolyte are packaged in a resin sheet package. The basic cells are laminated in series via a sheet current collector. The sheet current collector extends to an edge of the resin sheet package around the periphery of the basic cells laminated on both sides of the current collector. The sheet current collector is glued or fused to the resin sheet in its edge. The adjacent basic cells via the sheet current collector are fluid-tightly separated within the resin sheet package.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel indole carboxylic ester trimer which is characterized by being represented by the following general formula (1): wherein R represents a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms; n is an integer of 1-4; Xa? represents at least one anion selected from a group of anions having a valency of 1-3 consisting of chloride ion, bromide ion, iodide ion, fluoride ion, nitrate ion, sulfate ion, hydrogen sulfate ion, phosphate ion, borofluoride ion, perchlorate ion, thiocyanate ion, acetic acid ion, propionic acid ion, methanesulfonic acid ion, p-toluenesulfonic acid ion, trifluoroacetic acid ion and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid ion; a represents the ionic valence number of X and is an integer of 1-3; and m is 0-0.5.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a copolymer compound prepared by copolymerizing two or more monomers selected from indole and indole derivatives. The copolymer compound can be used as an electrode active material to provide an electrochemical cell with an increased capacity and improved cycle properties.

Abstract: This invention relates to a polymer having a chain structure of a repeating unit of a proton-conducting compound which causes an electrochemical redox reaction in a solution of a proton source to act as an electrode active material, and a heterocyclic compound structure; and an electrochemical cell comprising the polymer as an electrode active material.

Abstract: A proton-conducting electric double layer capacitor comprising a electrolytic solution containing an aqueous solution of an organic or inorganic acid whereto a water-soluble N-containing heterocyclic compound is added.

Abstract: A secondary battery of a proton conductive polymer, wherein a positive electrode 2 and a negative electrode 4 are arranged facing to each other via a separator in an electrolytic solution and only a proton in a ? conjugated polymer or a proton of a hydroxyl group in a hydroxyl-containing macromolecular as an active material of an electrode in the positive and negative electrodes participates in a charge/discharge; the secondary battery uses a membrane, which has acid resistance, oxidation resistance and a functional group having cation exchange function, as the separator 3.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell contains, as an electrode active material, a mixture of trimer compounds each in the form of indoles or indole derivatives coupled to each other in second and third positions thereof, and tetramer compounds each of indoles or indole derivatives. In the cell, protons are used as charge carriers.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a method of producing electric cells which can improve the production yield, and for that purpose there is provided a method of producing an electric cell, wherein an acidic solution as an electrolytic solution and electrically conductive rubber as an exterior material are used, characterized in that sealing both of the positive electrode and the negative electrode piled via the separator with both of the gasket, through which the stainless needle is inserted, and the electrically conductive rubber, performing a vulcanization binding, after said vulcanization binding, forming a hole by pulling off the stainless needle from the gasket, injecting the electrolytic solution through said hole and sealing said hole; thus obtaining electric cells at high production yield.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrolytic solution comprising an aqueous solution of an organic or inorganic acid whereto a water-soluble N-containing heterocyclic compound is added, and an electrochemical cell such as a secondary battery and an electric double layer capacitor that uses such an electrolytic solution.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electrochemical cell stack in which a plurality of electrochemical cell unit comprising a sheet separator; a pair of a cathodic and an anodic sheet electrodes impregnated with an electrolytic solution which are placed facing to each other via the separator; a pair of a cathodic and an anodic current collector which are placed facing to each other via the pair of the cathodic and the anodic electrodes respectively; and a gasket surrounding the electrodes for sealing the pair of electrodes are stacked; comprising a sheet conductor between the units of the stack; and wherein the sheet conductor is placed such that the outer circumference of its face contacting with the unit is disposed to almost overlap with the inner circumference of the gasket in the unit. This invention can provide a more reliable electrochemical cell stack.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrode for an electrochemical cell which comprises a cathode containing a proton-conducting compound as an electrode active material, an anode containing a proton-conducting compound as an electrode active material and an electrolyte containing a proton source, comprising a proton-conducting compound and an anion-exchange resin. This invention can be used to improve cycle-life properties and high-speed charge/discharge properties in an electrochemical cell.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electrochemical cell comprising a cathode containing a proton-conducting compound as an electrode active material, an anode containing a proton-conducting compound as an electrode active material and an aqueous electrolytic solution containing a proton source as an electrolyte, wherein the electrolytic solution comprises a polymeric compound having an atom with an unpaired electron in its principal chain as an electron-transfer promoter. This invention can provide an electrochemical cell exhibiting improved capacity, high-speed charge/discharge properties and cycle properties.