Abstract: A sheet-shaped member is provided and includes a porous carbon material including a material obtained from carbonization of a raw material including rice husk, the raw material having a silicon content of at least 5 wt %, the raw material is heat treated before carbonization, and the raw material is treated by an alkali treatment after carbonization to reduce the silicon content, the porous carbon material having a specific surface area of at least 10 m2/g as measured by the nitrogen BET method, a pore volume of at least 0.1 cm3/g as measured by the BJH method and MP method, and an R value of 1.

Abstract: A device is provided by use of a helical substituted polyacetylene. The device comprises a structure comprised of a helical substituted polyacetylene having a helical main chain, and a pair of electrodes for applying a voltage or electric current to the structure, wherein the molecule of the helical substituted polyacetylene has a length larger than the distance between the pair of the electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention provides an aromatic polyester which is substantially free from the occurrence of coloration and retains significantly high transparency even after being thermally processed at high temperature and which has high flowability. The aromatic polyester contains a polyhydric phenol residue and a residue of any one of aromatic polycarboxylic acid, halide thereof, and anhydride thereof, and terminals of the aromatic polyester have a structure represented by the formula —C(O)—R. The aromatic polyester has an end-capping rate of 90% or higher and a weight average molecular weight (Mw) ranging from 3,000 to 1,000,000.

Abstract: There is provided an aromatic polyester suitable for optical applications, which has not only high heat resistance and transparency, but also enhanced fluidity at a relatively low molding temperature of less than 300° C. despite its high molecular weight to be substantially colorless after the molding process. The aromatic polyester of the present invention comprises polyhydric phenol residues and residues of aromatic polycarboxylic acid, acid halide or acid anhydride thereof; wherein the polyhydric phenol residues comprise polyhydric phenol residues represented by Formula (I): —O—Ar—W1x—Ar—O— and/or Formula (II): —O—Ar—O—, and bulky polyhydric phenol residues represented by Formula (III): —O—Ar—W2—Ar—O—; wherein the molar ratio of the polyhydric phenol residues represented by Formula (I) and/or Formula (II) to the polyhydric phenol residues represented by Formula (III) is in the range of 100:0 to 30:70 (exclusive of 100:0).

Abstract: The present invention provides a modifier for aromatic polyesters which enhances the melt fluidity of aromatic polyesters without a significant decrease in the heat resistance of the aromatic polyesters, and an aromatic polyester resin composition including the modifier for aromatic polyesters. The present invention relates to a modifier for aromatic polyesters comprising polyhydric phenol residues and residues of aromatic polycarboxylic acid, acid halide or acid anhydride thereof, and the modifier comprises a material having a structure composed of a first residue selected from the group consisting of divalent residues represented by Formula (I): —Ar—W1x—Ar— and by Formula (II): —Ar—, the first residues being bonded to two identical or different second residues selected from the group consisting of monovalent residues represented by Formula (III): and monovalent residues represented by Formula (IV): —O—C(O)—R7—.

Abstract: There is provided an aromatic polyester suitable for optical applications, which has not only high heat resistance and transparency, but also enhanced fluidity at a relatively low molding temperature of less than 300° C. despite its high molecular weight to be substantially colorless after the molding process. The aromatic polyester of the present invention comprises polyhydric phenol residues and residues of aromatic polycarboxylic acid, acid halide or acid anhydride thereof; wherein the polyhydric phenol residues comprise polyhydric phenol residues represented by Formula (I): —O—Ar—W1x—Ar—O— and/or Formula (II): —O—Ar—O—, and bulky polyhydric phenol residues represented by Formula (III): —O—Ar—W2—Ar—O—; wherein the molar ratio of the polyhydric phenol residues represented by Formula (I) and/or Formula (II) to the polyhydric phenol residues represented by Formula (III) is in the range of 100:0 to 30:70 (exclusive of 100:0).

Abstract: A device is provided by use of a helical substituted polyacetylene. The device comprises a structure comprised of a helical substituted polyacetylene having a helical main chain, and a pair of electrodes for applying a voltage or electric current to the structure, wherein the molecule of the helical substituted polyacetylene has a length larger than the distance between the pair of the electrodes.

Abstract: The invention provides an optically active polymer which is a product obtained by polymerizing a chiral alkoxy-substituted phenylacetylene such as p-(2-methylbutoxy)phenylacetylene, of which the 2-methylbutoxy group has chirality, in an organic solvent such as triethylamine in the presence of a rhodium complex compound as a polymerization catalyst. The optically active polymer exhibits a much larger optical rotation than the monomeric compound per se and is colored in different colors of, e.g., yellow and black, depending on the organic solvent used for polymerization. The yellow polymer turns to black by exposure to the vapor of a specific organic solvent such as chloroform and returns to yellow by re-precipitation from a chloroform solution with addition of methyl alcohol as a precipitant.

Abstract: Provided is a polymer represented by the structural formula, —(HC?CR)n—, (n in the formula is an integer of 30 or larger and R is —C6H4—OCxH2x+1, —C6H4—N?NCOCxH2x+1, —C6H4—NHCOCxH2x+1, o-trifluoromethylphenyl or o-(2-thienyl)phenyl, x being a positive integer and —C6H4— being o-, m- or p-phenylene group) which is a polymer having a regular spiral structure of the molecular chains and subject to reversible changes in the shapes and peak wavelengths of the absorption and emission spectra by means-of the reversible changes in the pitch of the spiral structure by impartment of a stimulation or by a solvent treatment or alteration thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides an optically active polymer which is a product obtained by polymerizing a chiral alkoxy-substituted phenylacetylene such as p-(2-methylbutoxy)phenylacetylene, of which the 2-methylbutoxy group has chirality, in an organic solvent such as triethylamine in the presence of a rhodium complex compound as a polymerization catalyst. The optically active polymer exhibits a much larger optical rotation than the monomeric compound per se and is colored in different colors of, e.g., yellow and black, depending on the organic solvent used for polymerization. The yellow polymer turns to black by exposure to the vapor of a specific organic solvent such as chloroform and returns to yellow by re-precipitation from a chloroform solution with addition of methyl alcohol as a precipitant.

Abstract: An organic magnetic member comprises repetition units represented by the following general formula [I]: ##STR1## having at least one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 which is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic ring, and being spontaneously magnetized.

Abstract: A polymer of vinyl-biphenyl derivative comprising recurring units of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is Cl or Br; a is an integer of 0-4; Y is --CH.sub.3, --OH, --OR, --SR, --SOR, --SO.sub.2 R, --SeR, --SeOR, --SeO.sub.2 R, --TeR, --TeOR, or --TeO.sub.2 R, wherein R is alkyl capable of having a substituent, aryl capable of having a substituent, or ##STR2## and Z is --CH.sub.2 --, --C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --, --O--, --S--, --SO--, --SeO.sub.2 --, --Te--, --TeO--, or --TeO.sub.2 --; b and c are integers giving the sum of 1 to 5, and c is 1 or more. The polymer has a high refractive index and an excellent transparency. Further, the polymer can have a variable refractive index at a constant Abbe's number.