Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes an electrolyte membrane containing an ionic conductor. The ionic conductor includes: (a) a cation expressed by one of Formulae (1) and (2): R1R2R3HX+??(1) where, in Formula (1), X indicates any one of N and P, and R1, R2 and R3 each indicate any one of alkyl groups C1 to C18 except a structure in which R1?R2?R3, R1R2HS+??(2) where, in Formula (2), R1 and R2 each indicate any one of alkyl groups C1 to C18 except a structure in which R1?R2; and (b) an anion expressed by Formula (3): R4YOm(OH)n?1O???(3) where, in Formula (3), Y indicates any one of S, C, N and P, R4 indicates any one of an alkyl group and a fluoroalkyl group, and m and n each indicate any one of 1 and 2.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes an electrolyte membrane containing an ionic conductor. The ionic conductor includes: (a) a cation expressed by one of Formulae (1) and (2): R1R2R3HX+??(1) where, in Formula (1), X indicates any one of N and P, and R1, R2 and R3 each indicate any one of alkyl groups C1 to C18 except a structure in which R1?R2?R3, R1R2HS+??(2) where, in Formula (2), R1 and R2 each indicate any one of alkyl groups C1 to C18 except a structure in which R1?R2; and (b) an anion expressed by Formula (3): R4YOm(OH)n?1O???(3) where, in Formula (3), Y indicates any one of S, C, N and P, R4 indicates any one of an alkyl group and a fluoroalkyl group, and m and n each indicate any one of 1 and 2.

Abstract: An electrolyte composition is in solid form, and includes a polymer compound containing a cation structure selected from a group consisting of ammonium, phosphonium and sulfonium structures in either the principal chain or a side chain of the polymer, and a halide ion and/or a polyhalide as a counter anion.

Abstract: An electrolyte composition is in solid form, and includes a polymer compound containing a cation structure selected from a group consisting of ammonium, phosphonium and sulfonium structures in either the principal chain or a side chain of the polymer, and a halide ion and/or a polyhalide as a counter anion.

Abstract: A polymer electrolyte which comprises an ionic liquid (A) and a block copolymer (B) as essential ingredients, which block copolymer (B) comprises one or more of polymer block(s) (P) being compatible with (A) and one or more of polymer block(s) (Q) being incompatible with (A). (A) and (P) mutually dissolve each other to form one phase (X), and (Q) forms a phase (Y) being incompatible with phase (X), and phase (X) and phase (Y) are mutually micro phase separated. The polymer electrolyte of the present invention shows practical ion conductivity, is excellent in retention of ionic liquid, and moreover, is also excellent in heat resistance and mechanical strength.

Abstract: To improve the reliability to an environmental temperature change of an optical pickup, an optical pickup 7 has a semiconductor laser 711 for generating a laser beam. An objective lens drive leads the laser beam to a predetermined position of a disk. The semiconductor laser and objective lens drive are mounted on a pickup hosing 70. The objective lens drive has a movable portion 74 and the movable portion has an objective lens 716 for condensing the laser beam on the recording face of the disk. A fixed portion 72 holds the movable portion through a support member. The fixed portion has a magnetic yoke 75. An extended portion formed by extending a part of the yoke to the fixed portion side and the upside 72b of a cutout formed at the intermediate portion of the fixed portion in the tracking direction are adhered and fixed.

Abstract: In order to improve reliability of an optical disk drive apparatus at low cost, a flexible substrate for making connection between an optical pick-up device incorporated in the optical disk drive apparatus and a drive side is divided into a first flexible substrate fixed to the optical pick-up body (for example, upper surface), and a second flexible substrate connected to the first flexible substrate and extending to the drive, wiring conductors formed on a connection end portion of the first flexible substrate and wiring conductors formed on a connection end portion of the second flexible substrate are superposed at a region adjacent an end of the case of the optical pick-up device body, and connected to each other by joining material, and a connection section between the wiring conductors is held down by a cover for protecting the optical pick-up device body.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes an electrolyte membrane containing an ionic conductor. The ionic conductor includes: (a) a cation expressed by one of Formulae (1) and (2): R1R2R3HX+ ??(1) where, in Formula (1), X indicates any one of N and P, and R1, R2 and R3 each indicate any one of alkyl groups C1 to C18 except a structure in which R1?R2?R3, R1R2HS+ ??(2) where, in Formula (2), R1 and R2 each indicate any one of alkyl groups C1 to C18 except a structure in which R1?R2; and (b) an anion expressed by Formula (3): R4YOm(OH)n?1O? ??(3) where, in Formula (3), Y indicates any one of S, C, N and P, R4 indicates any one of an alkyl group and a fluoroalkyl group, and m and n each indicate any one of 1 and 2.

Abstract: An electrolyte composition containing an ionic liquid having dicyanoamide anions as anions. Examples of cations of the ionic liquid, may include, for example, cations having a quaternized nitrogen atom. This electrolyte composition may contain a halogen-based oxidized/reduced pair. This electrolyte composition is used as an electrolyte of a photoelectric conversion element.

Abstract: In order to improve reliability of an optical disk drive apparatus at low cost, a flexible substrate for making connection between an optical pick-up device incorporated in the optical disk drive apparatus and a drive side is divided into a first flexible substrate fixed to the optical pick-up body (for example, upper surface), and a second flexible substrate connected to the first flexible substrate and extending to the drive, wiring conductors formed on a connection end portion of the first flexible substrate and wiring conductors formed on a connection end portion of the second flexible substrate are superposed at a region adjacent an end of the case of the optical pick-up device body, and connected to each other by joining material, and a connection section between the wiring conductors is held down by a cover for protecting the optical pick-up device body.

Abstract: Polymeric compounds are provided the use of which expedites dissociation of an electrolytic salt. The polymeric compounds have a trivalent boron atom which is a Lewis acid. Transport rates of charge carrier ions can be controlled by trapping counter ions of charge carrier ions in the polymeric chain.

Abstract: To improve the reliability to an environmental temperature change of an optical pickup, an optical pickup 7 has a semiconductor laser 711 for generating a laser beam. An objective lens drive leads the laser beam to a predetermined position of a disk. The semiconductor laser and objective lens drive are mounted on a pickup hosing 70. The objective lens drive has a movable portion 74 and the movable portion has an objective lens 716 for condensing the laser beam on the recording face of the disk. A fixed portion 72 holds the movable portion through a support member. The fixed portion has a magnetic yoke 75. An extended portion formed by extending a part of the yoke to the fixed portion side and the upside 72b of a cutout formed at the intermediate portion of the fixed portion in the tracking direction are adhered and fixed.

Abstract: An electrolyte composition is in solid form, and includes a polymer compound containing a cation structure selected from a group consisting of ammonium, phosphonium and sulfonium structures in either the principal chain or a side chain of the polymer, and a halide ion and/or a polyhalide as a counter anion.

Abstract: An atomic lithography apparatus for depositing atoms included in an atomic beam on a substrate to manufacture an periodic atomic structure, comprising an atomic oven having a pin hole, a collimator for collimating an atom gas effused from the atomic oven to generate an atomic beam, four lasers for irradiating laser beams on the atomic beam to control the spreading angle of the atomic beam, two lasers for forming an optical standing wave at a part of a space in which the atomic beam is propagated, an electro-optic element for controlling the phases of the optical standing wave for controlling the propagation direction of the atomic beam, an electro-optic element drive device for controlling a voltage applied to the electro-optic element to control a refraction index of the electro-optic element, and a control device for controlling the electro-optic element drive device.

Abstract: A moderately resistive rubber composition including an unvulcanized rubber base and at least one ionic liquid contained in the rubber base. In the composition, the ionic liquid serves as an electrically conductive material. Also disclosed is a moderately resistive rubber member formed of a rubber-like elastic material prepared through vulcanization of the moderately resistive rubber composition.

Abstract: An atomic lithography apparatus for depositing atoms included in an atomic beam on a substrate to manufacture an periodic atomic structure, comprising an atomic oven having a pin hole, a collimator for collimating an atom gas effused from the atomic oven to generate an atomic beam, four lasers for irradiating laser beams on the atomic beam to control the spreading angle of the atomic beam, two lasers for forming an optical standing wave at a part of a space in which the atomic beam is propagated, an electro-optic element for controlling the phases of the optical standing wave for controlling the propagation direction of the atomic beam, an electro-optic element drive device for controlling a voltage applied to the electro-optic element to control a refraction index of the electro-optic element, and a control device for controlling the electro-optic element drive device.

Abstract: Polymeric compounds are provided the use of which expedites dissociation of an electrolytic salt. The polymeric compounds have a trivalent boron atom which is a Lewis acid. Transport rates of charge carrier ions can be controlled by trapping counter ions of charge carrier ions in the polymeric chain.

Abstract: An atomic beam control apparatus controls a position of an atomic beam that passes through a multi-pole magnetic field by irradiating the atomic beam with a light beam. The apparatus includes a probe light generator to generate probe light to detect a position of the atomic beam, a light sensor to receive the probe light, and a current control section to control a current flowing in multi-pole magnetic field generating electrodes controlling the position of the atomic beam. The light beam irradiates the atomic beam so that the atomic beam interacts with both the light beam and the magnetic field, and the position of the atomic beam is controlled by controlling currents fed to the multiple-pole magnetic field generating electrodes based on output values of the light sensor receiving the probe light.

Abstract: Provided are a polymeric electrolyte or a nonaqueous electrolyte that can improve a transport rate of charge carrier ions by adding a compound having boron atoms in the structure, preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following general formulas (1) to (4), and an electric device such as a cell or the like using the same. wherein R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, R16, R21, R22, R23, R24, R25, R26, R27, R28, R31, R32, R33, R34, R35, R36, R37, R38, R39, R310, R41, R42, R43, R44, R45, R46, R47, R48, R49, R410, R411 and R412 each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a monovalent group, or represent groups bound to each other to form a ring, and Ra, Rb, Rc and Rd each represent a group having a site capable of being bound to boron atoms which are the same or different.

Abstract: Provided are a polymeric electrolyte or a nonaqueous electrolyte that can improve a transport rate of charge carrier ions by adding a compound having boron atoms in the structure, preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following general formulas (1) to (4), and an electric device such as a cell or the like using the same. wherein R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, R16, R21, R22, R23, R24, R25, R26, R27, R28, R31, R32, R33, R34, R35, R36, R37, R38, R39, R310, R41, R42, R43, R44, R45, R46, R47, R48, R49, R410, R411 and R412 each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a monovalent group, or represent groups bound to each other to form a ring, and Ra, Rb, Rc and Rd each represent a group having a site capable of being bound to boron atoms which are the same or different.