Abstract: To provide a turning tool capable of realizing high-precise sphericity processing for a high-hardness material and a high-precise sphericity processing method using the tool. Sphericity processing is performed by a circular tip in which a cutting edge has a circular shape and a radius of the circular shape is 2 to 5 mm and desirably 2 to 3 mm. As a holder, a shoulder formed between a front end of a shank and the tip is provided only at one side surface of the shank, the other holder side surface is formed in a straight shape, and a clamping portion of the front end of the shank is not provided with a protrusion portion provided in a cutting-off bite holder of the related art.

Abstract: A time synchronization system includes: a master including: a main processor to which a first IP address is assigned; and a time synchronization processor to which a second IP address is assigned; a plurality of slaves configured to send a first packet whose destination is the first IP address and a second packet whose destination is the second IP address to the master; and a relay configured to send the first packet to the main processor and to send the second packet to the time synchronization processor. The main processor receives the first packet from the relay and performs a certain process on the first packet. The time synchronization processor receives the second packet from the relay and performs a time synchronization process between the master and said one of the slaves based on the second packet.

Abstract: A desalting method for raw water with at least a water-soluble salt contained therein comprises the following first and second steps: (1) removing water from said raw water to concentrate said raw water; and (2) removing at least a part of said water-soluble salt from the resulting concentrated rawwater. This method can conduct the desalting of raw water, which contains at least a water-soluble salt, industrially and economically.

Abstract: A module in a module-type tester has a trigger bus for trigger signals and sub-modules; at least one of the sub-modules has a terminal for receiving trigger signals from the trigger bus and a terminal for outputting trigger signals to the trigger bus; and at least one of the sub-modules receives trigger signals from outside the module at a terminal for measurement signals or a terminal for signals under test and outputs the received trigger signals to the trigger bus via the output terminal.

Abstract: An apparatus that transmits digital data between ground-isolated apparatuses at a high speed. Also, a method for transmitting digital data and a clock from a first apparatus to a second apparatus ground-isolated from the first apparatus comprising a step whereby reference signals are generated from the power source voltage of the first apparatus and a ground of the first apparatus; a step whereby a multiphase clock having the same base frequency as the maximum base frequency of this digital data is generated from this clock; a step whereby these digital data and these reference signals are compared and these comparison results are output; and a step whereby these comparison results are latched using this multiphase clock.