Abstract: A ribbed porous carbon material (1) is a one piece molded product containing carbon fibers (5) and having a rib portion ( 2) and a web portion (3), in which the carbon fibers (5) are oriented in the rib portion (2) along the direction of the thickness of the web portion (3), while the carbon fibers (5) are oriented in the web portion (3) along the direction of the plane of the web portion (3) and along the direction perpendicular to the rib portion (2).

Abstract: A ribbed porous carbon material (1) is a one piece molded product containing carbon fibers (5) and having a rib portion (2) and a web portion (3), in which the carbon fibers (5) are oriented in the rib portion (2) along the direction of the thickness of the web portion (3), while the carbon fibers (5) are oriented in the web portion (3) along the direction of the plane of the web portion (3) and along the direction perpendicular to the rib portion (2).

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a carbonaceous composite product produced by joining carbonaceous materials together by melt-adhesion of a tetrafluoroethylene resin or a tetrafluoroethylene resin mixed with a highly electroconductive carbon black interposed between the carbonaceous materials, a composite electrode substrate for a fuel cell comprising the carbonaceous composite product and the process for producing the same.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a process for producing an electrode substrate, which process comprises the steps of kneading a raw material mixture comprising from 30 to 60% by weight of short carbon fibers, from 20 to 50% by weight of a phenol resin binder and from 20 to 50% by weight of a molding additive, extruding the thus kneaded raw material mixture and after press-molding the thus extruded material by rolling or stamping, calcining the thus press-molded material in an inert atmosphere and/or under a reduced pressure and the electrode substrate produced by the above-mentioned process.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an electrode substrate for a fuel cell, wherein at least a part of the electrode substrate comprises a flexible carbon material obtained from a composite material comprising carbon fibers of not less than 1 mm in mean length which have been treated at a temperature of not lower than 1000.degree. C. and a binding agent, the electrode substrate being contacted with flow channels of a reactant gas and the flexible carbon material comprising carbon lumps derived from the binding agent which are dispersed in the matrix of the carbon fibers and restrain a plurality of the carbon fibers and the carbon fibers slidably held to one another by the carbon lumps.

Abstract: A shaped article of collagen having 5 to 20 .mu.m of thickness, the peak maximum temperature of endothermic denaturation thereof being in the range of 62.degree. to 71.degree. C., the wet tensile strength thereof being in the range of 3 to 6 kg/mm.sup.2 and the wet tear strength thereof being in the range of 25 to 150 g.multidot.cm/cm is prepared by a process comprising cross-linking a collagenous material so that the difference of the peak maximum temperatures of endothermic denaturation of the material between before and after the cross-linking falls in the range of 1.0.degree. to 10.degree. C. and the peak maximum temperature after the cross-linking falls in the range of 63.degree. to 74.degree. C., fibrating the cross-linked collagenous material to prepare an aqueous dispersion with the viscosity of 100 to 2000 cP and the spinnability of 30 to 80 mm at the concentration of 1% by weight of collagen fiber and subjecting the dispersion to electrodeposition.

Abstract: A composite material of de-N-acetylated chitin and fibrous collagen, which may be prepared by bringing the de-N-acetylated chitin and the fibrous collagen into mutual contact in an aqueous acidic medium followed by deacidifying the obtained product, the fibrous collagen being able to be partially replaced by gelatin and/or soluble collagen, and a shaped material derived from the composite material is excellent in mechanical strength, heat-resistance and biostability and advantageously employed in the field of medical materials, edibles such as edible casing and base materials for inmobilizing enzyme.

Abstract: Disclosed herein a method for producing shaped articles by electrodeposition utilizing the electrophoretic fibrous substance suspended in an aqueous medium, wherein by deflecting the direction of the flow of the above-mentioned aqueous suspension of the fibrous substance into at least two mutually different direction in the vicinity of the surface of electrode onto which the fibrous substance is deposited electrically in the course of electrodeposition, the thus obtained shaped articles are given a laminated layer-structure of the deposited fibrous substance, in which the direction of orientation of the fibrous substance in the layer is different from layer after layer resulting in a highly raised mechanical strength of the thus shaped articles, and a means for installing the device deflecting the direction of flow of the above-mentioned aqueous suspension into at least two mutually different directions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of removing the nitrogen oxides from the gases containing nitrogen oxides by contacting any such gas with ammonia at a temperature of from 100.degree. C. to 230.degree. C. in the presence of a catalyst so that a reaction takes place between the nitrogen oxides and ammonia. This reaction is conducted in such a manner as to prevent the by-produced ammonium nitrate from depositing on the catalyst. There is also disclosed a specific apparatus for practicing the method.

Abstract: A catalyst having high activity at a low temperature is obtained by heating rhodochrosite in air at a temperature of 300.degree.-500.degree. C. A catalyst having still higher activity at a low temperature is obtained by mixing rhodochrosite with a specific amount of a specific metal compound and heating the resultant mixture in air at a temperature of 300.degree.-500.degree. C.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for removing nitrogen oxides from a nitrogen oxide-containing gas by contacting the gas with ammonia excited by ultraviolet irradiation in the presence of a catalyst to react the nitrogen oxides with the ammonia. According to the method, the reaction of nitrogen oxides with ammonia proceeds more rapidly than in the case of prior art methods.

Abstract: From an exhaust gas containing nitrogen oxides, the nitrogen oxides can be advantageously removed by contacting the exhaust gas with ammonia in the presence of a substance derived from laterite.