Abstract: This invention provides an engine cleaning composition for removing sediment formed in an engine. Such engine cleaning composition comprises: a dispersant containing a carboxylic acid and an amine; a chelating agent; a glycol solvent; and a naphthenic oil.

Abstract: This invention provides an engine cleaning composition for removing sediment formed in an engine. Such engine cleaning composition comprises: a dispersant containing a carboxylic acid and an amine; a chelating agent; a glycol solvent; and a naphthenic oil.

Abstract: Light emitters and substrates for light emitters are provided to improve light-emitting efficiency and achieve improvement in crystal quality. A light emitter includes a single-crystal substrate, an oriented microcrystal layer, and a light-emitting layer. The light-emitting layer is made of a nitride semiconductor by means of a vapor-phase growth method. In the oriented microcrystal layer, the proportion of crystals, in which one of crystal axes is oriented with respect to the single-crystal substrate, is 5-9 out of 10 crystals. An average diameter of the crystal grains of the respective crystals, contained in the oriented microcrystal layer, is 1-1,000 nm. A light emitter may be equipped with an intermediate layer, a light-emitting layer, and a clad layer. These layers are formed on the oriented microcrystal layer by a vapor-phase growth method. The light-emitting layer contains microcrystal grains whose average grain diameter is 1-1,000 nm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a metallic oxide film which exhibits a high hardness and is good in terms of the transparency, and which exhibits a hydrophilic property, a defogging and dirtproof property and a self-cleaning property over a long period of time, a production process for the same, and a hydrophilic mirror comprising this hydrophilic metallic oxide film. The present invention is characterized in that the superficial shapes of a metallic oxide film formed on a substrate surface is such that the superficial shapes of the metallic oxide film are such that an arithmetic average roughness Ra is 4-8 nm, a maximum roughness (maximum irregularity difference) Rz is 40-70 nm, a 10-point average roughness RzJIS is 20-60 nm, and pitches between irregularities are 10-300 nm, the Ra, Rz, RzJIS and pitches measured by an atomic force microscope. The metallic oxide film of such superficial shapes is useful as a hydrophilic mirror, and can be used appropriately as automotive outer mirrors.

Abstract: To also intend the improvement of light-emitting efficiency by microcrystallizing light-emitting layer while utilizing vapor-phase growth method that is advantageous for improving crystal quality, and the like. 4 for forming light-emitting layer comprises a substrate single-crystal substrate 1, and an oriented fine crystal layer 3 being formed on the single-crystal substrate 4. One of the crystal axes of respective crystals, which constitute the oriented microcrystal layer 3, is oriented in a specific direction with respect to the single-crystal substrate 1, and an average of the crystal grain diameters of the respective crystals, which constitute the oriented microcrystal layer 3, is adapted to being 1-1,000 nm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a metallic oxide film which exhibits a high hardness and is good in terms of the transparency, and which exhibits a hydrophilic property, a defogging and dirtproof property and a self-cleaning property over a long period of time, a production process for the same, and a hydrophilic mirror comprising this hydrophilic metallic oxide film. The present invention is characterized in that the superficial shapes of a metallic oxide film formed on a substrate surface is such that the superficial shapes of the metallic oxide film are such that an arithmetic average roughness Ra is 4-8 nm, a maximum roughness (maximum irregularity difference) Rz is 40-70 nm, a 10-point average roughness RzJIS is 20-60 nm, and pitches between irregularities are 10-300 nm, the Ra, Rz, RzJIS and pitches measured by an atomic force microscope. The metallic oxide film of such superficial shapes is useful as a hydrophilic mirror, and can be used appropriately as automotive outer mirrors.