Abstract: The present invention suppresses leakage of combustion gas from a contact surface. A cylinder head (20) is attached to a cylinder block. The surface (26) of the side of the cylinder head (20) that is attached to the cylinder block includes a first region (AH1) and a second region (AH2) that has higher hardness than the first region (AH1).

Abstract: The method of forming a nitride semiconductor film includes intermittently sputtering a target of gallium nitride inside a vacuum chamber containing nitrogen and argon, and depositing sputtered particles of the gallium nitride that are scattered from the target inside the vacuum chamber, on a substrate having a temperature of 560 degrees C. or higher and 650 degrees C. or lower. A ratio of a flow rate of the nitrogen to a sum of the flow rate of the nitrogen and a flow rate of the argon supplied to the vacuum chamber is 6% or higher and 18% or lower.

Abstract: Provided a method for supplying a resin by which appropriate replacement of a cartridge enables resin supply to be performed appropriately. The method for supplying a resin includes: a primary resin supplying step of supplying a liquid resin contained in a first cartridge to a supply target, the first cartridge having a remaining amount of liquid resin smaller than a target supply amount appropriate for one-time resin supply to the supply target; a cartridge replacing step of replacing, after the primary resin supplying step, the first cartridge with a second cartridge already subjected to dripping out; and a secondary resin supplying step of supplying a liquid resin contained in the second cartridge to the supply target after the cartridge replacing step.

Abstract: Provided a method for supplying a resin by which appropriate replacement of a cartridge enables resin supply to be performed appropriately. The method for supplying a resin includes: a primary resin supplying step of supplying a liquid resin contained in a first cartridge to a supply target, the first cartridge having a remaining amount of liquid resin smaller than a target supply amount appropriate for one-time resin supply to the supply target; a cartridge replacing step of replacing, after the primary resin supplying step, the first cartridge with a second cartridge already subjected to dripping out; and a secondary resin supplying step of supplying a liquid resin contained in the second cartridge to the supply target after the cartridge replacing step.

Abstract: The organic electroluminescence display device has a laminated portion on a base substrate. The device may have a cavernous portion formed by exploding a part of the laminated portion in a screening processing. A protective layer is formed to cover a whole surface of a wall defining the cavernous portion. Therefore, substances contained in the air are prevented from contacting to an organic electroluminescence layer at least partially defining the cavernous portion. Therefore, even if moisture is contained in the air, it is possible to prevent moisture from being absorbed by the organic electroluminescence layer. Moreover, since moisture is not absorbed by the organic electroluminescence layer, it is possible to reduce irregular spot on the device. In addition, it is possible to reduce a short circuit at an open defective portion.

Abstract: The organic electroluminescence display device has a laminated portion on a base substrate. The device may have a cavernous portion formed by exploding a part of the laminated portion in a screening processing. A protective layer is formed to cover a whole surface of a wall defining the cavernous portion. Therefore, substances contained in the air are prevented from contacting to an organic electroluminescence layer at least partially defining the cavernous portion. Therefore, even if moisture is contained in the air, it is possible to prevent moisture from being absorbed by the organic electroluminescence layer. Moreover, since moisture is not absorbed by the organic electroluminescence layer, it is possible to reduce irregular spot on the device. In addition, it is possible to reduce a short circuit at an open defective portion.

Abstract: There is provided a polymer or low-molecular-weight compound multilayer type organic EL device configured such that a light-emitting layer formed on a hole transport layer includes a mixture of a polymer material and a low-molecular weight material. With such a configuration, the low-molecular-weight material added to the polymer material serves as a binder filling the gap of the steric hindrance to form entanglement of the polymer material and the low-molecular-weight material. This results in that the interface between the hole transport layer and the light-emitting layer is an interface high in adhesion and also high in carrier injectability. Further, optimization of the formation conditions and materials can achieve still higher reliability and longer lifetime.

Abstract: There is provided a polymer or low-molecular-weight compound multilayer type organic EL device configured such that a light-emitting layer formed on a hole transport layer includes a mixture of a polymer material and a low-molecular weight material. With such a configuration, the low-molecular-weight material added to the polymer material serves as a binder filling the gap of the steric hindrance to form entanglement of the polymer material and the low-molecular-weight material. This results in that the interface between the hole transport layer and the light-emitting layer is an interface high in adhesion and also high in carrier injectability. Further, optimization of the formation conditions and materials can achieve still higher reliability and longer lifetime.

Abstract: An analyzing method of a blood coagulation reaction by detecting an optical change of a blood sample with an elapse of time, the method includes: setting at least one checkpoint or check region between a starting point of the blood coagulation reaction and the endpoint thereof; and monitoring a reaction state of the blood coagulation reaction at the checkpoint or in the check region to detect an abnormality of the blood coagulation reaction.

Abstract: An EL element includes a first electrode, a first insulating layer, a luminous layer, a second insulating layer, and a second electrode, which are laminated on an insulating substrate in this order. At least one of the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer is an HfO2/TiO2 film in which a plurality of HfO2 films and a plurality of TiO2 films are layered alternately.

Abstract: An EL device includes a control unit that controls a driving circuit so that a plurality of EL elements emits light several times per driving cycle. Specifically, when a driving voltage is applied to the plurality of EL elements, the plurality of EL elements emits several times per driving cycle. As a result, since the amount of light integrated per time increases, the plurality of EL elements obtains high luminous power even if a plurality of El elements having a very short emission decay time is used.

Abstract: An EL element including a first electrode, a luminescent layer, an insulation layer, and a second electrode is laminated so that a short circuit between the first electrode and the second electrode at a defect of the insulation layer between the luminescent layer and the second electrode is prevented. A cavity 41 is formed in the layer 4 under an area 51 at which the second insulation layer 5 is missing. The second electrode 6 is separated by the cavity 41 from the first insulation layer 3 located under the luminescent layer 4 to prevent a short circuit.

Abstract: An EL device is constructed of an insulating substrate, and a first electrode, a first insulating layer, a luminescent layer, a second insulating layer and a second electrode, which are laminated on the insulating substrate in this order. The insulating layer is made by a method other than ALE, for example, sputtering or vapor deposition. The second insulating layer includes alternating layers of Al2O3 and TiO2, which are formed by ALE. The second insulating layer covers the luminescent layer and an end surface of the first insulating layer. Since the first insulating layer is not formed by ALE, the device can be manufactured with high productivity, and there is no less of performance compared to a device having two ALE insulation layers.

Abstract: An EL device includes a control unit that controls a driving circuit so that a plurality of EL elements emits light several times per driving cycle. Specifically, when a driving voltage is applied to the plurality of EL elements, the plurality of EL elements emits several times per driving cycle. As a result, since the amount of light integrated per time increases, the plurality of EL elements obtains high luminous power even if a plurality of El elements having a very short emission decay time is used.

Abstract: An analyzing method of a blood coagulation reaction by detecting an optical change of a blood sample with an elapse of time, the method comprises: setting at least one checkpoint or check region between a starting point of the blood coagulation reaction and the endpoint thereof; and monitoring a reaction state of the blood coagulation reaction at the checkpoint or in the check region to detect an abnormality of the blood coagulation reaction.

Abstract: A particle image analyzer that facilitates display by designating on a distribution an image desired to be displayed from among a large number of recorded images is disclosed. The particle image analyzer is provided with a parameter computation means for computing at least one characterizing parameter for respective particle images obtained by image capture; a storing means for storing correlations between the particle images and the characterizing parameters with regard to the respective particle images; distribution-diagram generation means for generating characteristic-parameter distribution diagram; designation means for designating the area within the distribution diagram; read-out means for reading out from the memory means particle images corresponding to characterizing parameters within the areas designated by the designation means; and display means for displaying the read-out particle images.

Abstract: An EL element including a first electrode, a luminescent layer, an insulation layer, and a second electrode is laminated so that a short circuit between the first electrode and the second electrode at a defect of the insulation layer between the luminescent layer and the second electrode is prevented. A cavity 41 is formed in the layer 4 under an area 51 at which the second insulation layer 5 is missing. The second electrode 6 is separated by the cavity 41 from the first insulation layer 3 located under the luminescent layer 4 to prevent a short circuit.

Abstract: An EL device is constructed of an insulating substrate, and a first electrode, a first insulating layer, a luminescent layer, a second insulating layer and a second electrode, which are laminated on the insulating substrate in this order. The insulating layer is made by a method other than ALE, for example, sputtering or vapor deposition. The second insulating layer includes alternating layers of Al2O3 and TiO2, which are formed by ALE. The second insulating layer covers the luminescent layer and an end surface of the first insulating layer. Since the first insulating layer is not formed by ALE, the device can be manufactured with high productivity, and there is no less of performance compared to a device having two ALE insulation layers.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of producing an electroluminescent (EL) device having a CaGa2S4:Ce luminescent layer. The ratio of the X-ray diffraction peak intensity I2 for the (200) reflection of CaS to the X-ray diffraction peak intensity I1 for the (400) reflection of CaGa2S4 as appearing in the X-ray diffraction spectrum for the luminescent layer, I2/I1, is 0.1 or less. The amount of the impurity CaS in the luminescent layer is reduced. The EL device produces blue emission with high purity.

Abstract: First and second insulating layers in an EL device are respectively composed of Al2O3/TiOx:Ba laminated layers. The Al2O3/TiOx:Ba laminated layers are formed by alternately laminating Al2O3 layers and TiO2 layers added with Ba by an ALE method. Adding Ba into the TiO2 layers mitigates a change in resistivity thereof with respect to a change in temperature. As a result, the EL device provides an excellent voltage withstanding performance which is stable against the changes in the temperature.