Abstract: For realizing a mobile communication network highly compatible with the Internet and improving channel efficiency and battery conservation in a mobile communication system including a plurality of base stations connected to IP network, a plurality of mobile stations locating in a cell formed by base station, and a server, connected to the IP network, for managing location information of the mobile stations, wherein a set of cells constitutes a paging area, whereas the server manages information of a standby mobile station as location information of mobile stations about paging area in which mobile station locates; the server determines whether a mobile station is in standby state or not when a base station transfers to the server a packet addressed to the mobile station and, if the mobile station is in the standby state, copies the packet by the number of the base stations corresponding to the paging area related to the mobile station and multicasts thus copied packets.

Abstract: A mobile communication system in which packets are transferred between network nodes for handing-over is disclosed. The mobile communication system comprises a packet data classifying unit that classifies packets based on a required transferring period; and a transfer controlling unit that transfers the classified packets, classification by classification, from an original network node to a destination network node. The packet data classifying unit classifies packets into a real-time-packet to be transferred in a real time manner or a non-real-time packet to be transferred in a non-real time manner.

Abstract: A mobile station is connectable to a first communication system for managing a service area with a respective first area and to a second communication system for managing a service area with a respective second area. The mobile station includes a first wireless communicator for receiving first notification information capable of specifying a current area and neighboring areas corresponding to the first communication system, a second wireless communicator for receiving second notification information capable of specifying a current area and neighboring areas corresponding to the second communication system, and a communication system selector for selecting the communication system for performing the communication, out of the first communication system and the second communication system, based on the first notification information or the second notification information.

Abstract: Disclosed is a communication system in which appropriate retransmission control operations are respectively performed for two data types including real time data and non-real time data, and the transmitter and the receiver used for this communication system. A data type identifier identifies a data type as real time or non-real time, and based on the identified data type, a controller, and another controller (not shown) adjust parameters used for retransmission control.

Abstract: A mobile communication system for providing mobile communication service by radio to a mobile station is disclosed. The mobile communication system comprises base stations having a function of controlling hand-overs and in-coming and out-going calls necessary for providing the mobile communication service, and a multi-cell controlling station having a function of managing radio resources of plural base stations forming radio cells and selecting an optimum base station, and a function of allocating radio resources to the base stations. When at least one of the base station controls an in-coming or out-going call or controls a hand-over, if its own radio resource usage rate is lower than a threshold, the base station selects a base station to be allocated without communicating with the multi-cell controlling station.

Abstract: A communication system includes a relay apparatus which offers an access link to a mobile terminal, a layer 2 switch which relays data between the relay apparatus and a router on a next hop from a communication destination terminal of the mobile terminal, and a route information notification unit. The route information notification unit notifies, to the relay apparatus and the layer 2 switch in a subnet where the mobile terminal is present, route information including a data link layer unicast address of a packet addressed to the mobile terminal, and a data link layer multicast address thereof in a case where the mobile terminal is activated and in a case where the mobile terminal switches a connection.

Abstract: A system controlling the traffic balance between the paging of incoming calls and a location registration and including a plurality of base and mobile stations and a management server for location information of each mobile station. A set of cells formed by the base stations constitutes a first area group. Each mobile station shifts to a mode periodically receiving signals from the base stations if no signals are transmitted and received for a predetermine period. Each base station forms second to n-th area groups (n?2), each having an area smaller than that of the first area, to be used when the mobile stations are in idle state. Each mobile station selects the area group to register according to the period in which no packet is received and transmitted, and registers its location while specifying an area within this area group with respect to the server.

Abstract: A mobile-communications system is disclosed. The system includes a mobile station, a wireless-base station enabled to communicate with the mobile station, and a location-information management apparatus for managing a state of the mobile station in a network layer upper to a link layer for managing wireless-communications resources. The mobile station is provided with wireless-communications means for transmitting and receiving a signal with the wireless-base station in an active state in the link layer for managing the wireless-communications resources, discontinuous-receiving means for discontinuously receiving a control signal from the wireless-base station in the link layer in a state different from the active state, and state-management means for creating a state-transition signal in response to a paging signal included in the control signal.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to make improvement in the configuration of location registration areas. When a base station 13P is newly installed in a location registration area 30A, the base station 13P recognizes a location of its own with GPS or the like and performs communication with a plurality of surrounding base stations 13Q to select a location registration area 30A to which it should belong, based on the belonging status of the surrounding base stations 13Q and the location of its own.

Abstract: A water treating apparatus is provided which is capable of producing a hypochlorous acid-containing electrolytic water having a satisfactory sterilizing ability in a household. The water treating apparatus is an apparatus for producing hypochlorous acid in for-treatment water containing a salt by use of an electrochemical reaction which occurs in the for-treatment water when a direct current voltage is applied to at least a pair of electrodes oppositely disposed in the for-treatment water, wherein the direct current voltage to be applied to the electrodes is obtained by smoothing an alternating voltage of domestic use power supply into direct current power of a predetermined voltage, an electrode having titanium covered with a coating containing at least palladium or ruthenium is used as an anode, and at most 90% of the salt added to the for-treatment water is converted into hypochlorous acid by the electrochemical reaction.

Abstract: A scramble code allocation method used by mobile communications systems, and a base station and a mobile station that use the method are disclosed. The scramble code allocation method autonomously and optimally sets up a scramble code unique to a target base station. The method includes a step of generating a collection packet for collecting unique information of surrounding base stations, the unique information being used for setting up respective identifiers of the surrounding base stations; a step of broadcasting the collection packet to the surrounding base stations through a network; a step of receiving response packets from the surrounding base stations in response to the collection packet; a step of extracting the unique information of the surrounding base stations inserted in the response packets that are received; a step of storing the extracted unique information; and a step of setting up an identifier of the target base station based on the stored unique information.

Abstract: In a mobile communication system 1 having a radio base station 2, and mobile stations 5, 6 configured to communicate with the base station 2 and segmented into a plurality of mobile station groups, the base station 5 provides a broadcast channel with first instruction information to notify the mobile station 5 of whether or not to receive the broadcast channel, provides a paging channel with second instruction information to notify the mobile station 5 of the presence/absence of paging information, and performs such a channel transmission control as to intermittently transmit the broadcast channel and the paging channel on a control channel.

Abstract: An object is to implement smooth execution of management of location information of a mobile station according to states of the mobile station varying with time. Based on a notification of transition into a sleep state from the mobile station, transmitted upon a timeout of a sleep state determination timer with neither packet transmission nor reception at the mobile station, it is determined that the mobile station has moved into the sleep state, and control processing in the link layer is executed (S12) (the control processing in the link layer carried out when the mobile station moves between cells).

Abstract: Sanitary foot warm bath equipment is provided which prevents or suppresses proliferation of saprophytic bacteria in a foot bath. The foot warm bath equipment is foot warm bath equipment which reserves hot water for foot bathing in a foot bath, the equipment comprising heating means for heating water in the foot bath to produce hot water of setting temperature, electrolytic water producing means for producing electrolytic water containing hypochlorous acid by electrolyzing the water, and control means for controlling the heating means and the electrolytic water producing means, wherein the electrolytic water produced by the electrolytic water producing means is supplied into the foot bath.

Abstract: Sanitary foot warm bath equipment is provided which prevents or suppresses proliferation of saprophytic bacteria in a foot bath. The foot warm bath equipment is foot warm bath equipment which reserves hot water for foot bathing in a foot bath, the equipment comprising heating means for heating water in the foot bath to produce hot water of setting temperature, electrolytic water producing means for producing electrolytic water containing hypochlorous acid by electrolyzing the water, and control means for controlling the heating means and the electrolytic water producing means, wherein the electrolytic water produced by the electrolytic water producing means is supplied into the foot bath.

Abstract: A water treating apparatus is provided which is capable of producing a hypochlorous acid-containing electrolytic water having a satisfactory sterilizing ability in a household. The water treating apparatus is an apparatus for producing hypochlorous acid in for-treatment water containing a salt by use of an electrochemical reaction which occurs in the for-treatment water when a direct current voltage is applied to at least a pair of electrodes oppositely disposed in the for-treatment water, wherein the direct current voltage to be applied to the electrodes is obtained by smoothing an alternating voltage of domestic use power supply into direct current power of a predetermined voltage, an electrode having titanium covered with a coating containing at least palladium or-ruthenium is used as an anode, and at most 90% of the salt added to the for-treatment water is converted into hypochlorous acid by the electrochemical reaction.

Abstract: In a mobile communication system for carrying out packet transmission/reception between a mobile terminal having a power saving mode to reduce a power consumption and a radio base station, a packet type of a packet is judged, and a sleep timer value indicating a time duration since a last packet is transmitted/received until the power saving mode starts is set according to a judgement result. Then, at least one sleep timer for measuring an elapsed time since the packet is transmitted/received is activated, and the mobile terminal is controlled to execute the power saving mode at a timing at which the elapsed time measured by the at least one sleep timer exceeded the sleep timer value.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to make improvement in the configuration of location registration areas. When a base station 13P is newly installed in a location registration area 30A, the base station 13P recognizes a location of its own with GPS or the like and performs communication with a plurality of surrounding base stations 13Q to select a location registration area 30A to which it should belong, based on the belonging status of the surrounding base stations 13Q and the location of its own.

Abstract: For controlling the traffic balance between the paging upon incoming calls and the location registration according to the traffic at the time of transmitting and receiving packets, to realize efficient battery conservation in a mobile station, the present invention provides a system constituted by a plurality of base stations, a plurality of mobile stations, and a management server for location information of each mobile station and the like, in which a set of respective cells formed by the base stations constitutes a first area group, whereas each mobile station shifts to a mode periodically receiving signals from the base stations if no signals are transmitted and received for a predetermined period. Each base station forms second to n-th area groups (n≧2), each having an area smaller than that of the first area, to be included in the first area group used when the mobile stations are in idle state.

Abstract: A heat exchanger used for a refrigerating cycle has a plurality of grooves formed in the inner surface of a pipe thereof in the flowing direction of a refrigerant. At least two types of grooves which differ in width are used. The pipe also has fins which are coated with a hydrophilic paint that is black in color. This design enables the heat exchanger to provide improved performance.