Abstract: A conversion method for converting luminance of a video, including a luminance value in a first luminance range, to be displayed on a display apparatus includes: acquiring a first luminance signal indicating a code value obtained by quantization of the luminance value of the video; and converting the code value indicated by the acquired first luminance signal into a second luminance value determined based on a luminance range of the display apparatus, the second luminance value being compatible with a second luminance range with a maximum value smaller than a maximum value of the first luminance range and larger than 100 nit. This provides the conversion method capable of achieving further improvement.

Abstract: A display system includes a conversion apparatus converting video luminance including a luminance value in a first luminance range and a display apparatus connected thereto and displaying the video. The conversion apparatus includes a first acquisition unit, a first luminance converter, a second luminance converter, a quantization converter, and an output unit outputting a third luminance signal to the display apparatus.

Abstract: A needle-shaped body protrudes from a cantilever made of Si. Furthermore, the rear face of the cantilever is coated with aluminum (first metal) having a Fermi level higher than that of Si. The cantilever is dipped into an aqueous silver nitride solution containing the ions of Ag serving as a second metal. The electrons of Si flow out to the aqueous silver nitride solution due to the existence of the aluminum, and Ag nanostructures are precipitated at the tip end of the needle-shaped body. A probe for tip-enhanced Raman scattering in which the Ag nanostructures are fixed to the tip end of the needle-shaped body is manufactured. The sizes and shapes of the Ag nanostructures can be controlled properly by adjusting the concentration of the aqueous silver nitride solution and the time during which the cantilever is dipped into the aqueous silver nitride solution.

Abstract: A needle-shaped body protrudes from a cantilever made of Si. Furthermore, the rear face of the cantilever is coated with aluminum having a Fermi level higher than that of Si. The cantilever is dipped into an aqueous silver nitride solution containing the ions of Ag serving as a second metal. The electrons of Si flow out to the aqueous silver nitride solution due to the existence of the aluminum, and Ag nanostructures are precipitated at the tip end of the needle-shaped body. A probe for tip-enhanced Raman scattering in which the Ag nanostructures are fixed to the tip end of the needle-shaped body is manufactured. The sizes and shapes of the Ag nanostructures can be controlled properly by adjusting the concentration of the aqueous silver nitride solution and the time during which the cantilever is dipped into the aqueous silver nitride solution.

Abstract: The present invention provides a plasma treatment detection indicator including a color-changing layer that changes color by plasma treatment, exhibiting excellent heat resistance, with the gasification of the color-changing layer or the scattering of the fine debris of the color-changing layer caused by the plasma treatment being suppressed to such a degree as to not affect the electronic device properties. Specifically, the present invention provides a plasma treatment detection indicator including a color-changing layer that changes color by plasma treatment, the color-changing layer containing at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of Mo, W, Sn, V, Ce, Te, and Bi in the form of a simple substance and/or an inorganic compound containing at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of Mo, W, Sn, V, Ce, Te, and Bi.

Abstract: The present invention provides a plasma treatment detection indicator including a color-changing layer that changes color by plasma treatment, exhibiting excellent heat resistance, with the gasification of the color-changing layer or the scattering of the fine debris of the color-changing layer caused by the plasma treatment being suppressed to such a degree as to not affect the electronic device properties. Specifically, the present invention provides a plasma treatment detection indicator including a color-changing layer that changes color by plasma treatment, the color-changing layer containing at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of Mo, W, Sn, V, Ce, Te, and Bi in the form of a simple substance and/or an inorganic compound containing at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of Mo, W, Sn, V, Ce, Te, and Bi.

Abstract: In a rotary type image developing apparatus that has a rotary rack accommodating a plurality of developer units and drives the rotary rack to rotate in a predetermined rotational direction so as to bring a targeted one of the developer units to a developing position, each developer unit includes a toner storage in which a first slope is disposed. As the rotary rack rotates, toner that remains upstream of a toner supply opening in a toner flowing direction in the toner storage is guided by a slope surface of the first slope, which enables the toner to be smoothly supplied to a developing chamber. Thus, even when the toner gets low, the toner can be efficiently supplied from the toner storage to the developing chamber with the aid of the first slope.

Abstract: A developing device used for forming a toner image by developing the electrostatic latent image on an electrostatic latent image carrier in an image forming device, comprises a developer carrier roller which is rotationally driven, and a toner thin layer forming member which is brought into contact with the developer carrier roller, wherein the developer carrier roller is formed in the shape of an inverted crown which is concave at the central portion in the direction of the rotation axis, and a starting point of the shape of the inverted crown is positioned further outside in the direction of the rotation axis than toner thin layer region formed by the toner thin layer forming member.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus provided with a rotary type image developing apparatus, during monochrome print job processing, it is judged whether the amount of toner remaining in the developing chamber of the black developer unit is equal to or less than a predetermined amount M. If the judgement is affirmative, (i) the monochrome print job is suspended, (ii) the rotary rack is rotated to stop the black developer unit at the toner supply position temporarily, and is moved to the developing position again, and (iii) the monochrome print job is resumed. With the stated structure, the toner can be steadily supplied even when the amount of toner remaining in the developing chamber gets low during executing monochrome print jobs.

Abstract: A developing device used for forming a toner image by developing the electrostatic latent image on an electrostatic latent image carrier in an image forming device, comprises a developer carrier roller which is rotationally driven, and a toner thin layer forming member which is brought into contact with the developer carrier roller, wherein the developer carrier roller is formed in the shape of an inverted crown which is concave at the central portion in the direction of the rotation axis, and a starting point of the shape of the inverted crown is positioned further outside in the direction of the rotation axis than toner thin layer region formed by the toner thin layer forming member.

Abstract: In a rotary type image developing apparatus that has a rotary rack accommodating a plurality of developer units and drives the rotary rack to rotate in a predetermined rotational direction so as to bring a targeted one of the developer units to a developing position, each developer unit includes a toner storage in which a first slope is disposed. As the rotary rack rotates, toner that remains upstream of a toner supply opening in a toner flowing direction in the toner storage is guided by a slope surface of the first slope, which enables the toner to be smoothly supplied to a developing chamber. Thus, even when the toner gets low, the toner can be efficiently supplied from the toner storage to the developing chamber with the aid of the first slope.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus provided with a rotary type image developing apparatus, during monochrome print job processing, it is judged whether the amount of toner remaining in the developing chamber of the black developer unit is equal to or less than a predetermined amount M. If the judgement is affirmative, (i) the monochrome print job is suspended, (ii) the rotary rack is rotated to stop the black developer unit at the toner supply position temporarily, and is moved to the developing position again, and (iii) the monochrome print job is resumed. With the stated structure, the toner can be steadily supplied even when the amount of toner remaining in the developing chamber gets low during executing monochrome print jobs.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an inclination setting rotational laser apparatus and so on for use with a laser surveying instrument. According to the present invention, there is provided an arrangement in which a laser projector projects a laser beam, tilting means tilts the laser projector in at least one direction, a first optical system of inclination detecting means directs the light from a light source toward a liquid member having a free surface, light receiving means receives the light reflected on the liquid member, a second optical system guides the light reflected on the liquid member to the light receiving means, and arithmetic operation means calculates the inclination based on the received signal of the light receiving means, whereby the laser projector can be settled to have an inclination by driving the tilting means based on the inclination.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a laser surveying apparatus capable of forming a measuring reference line and a reference plane by laser light. Particularly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a laser surveying apparatus capable of forming a reference line and a reference plane each inclined a predetermined angle toward a horizontal plane as well as a horizontal reference line and a reference plane. According to the present invention, a mount unit is rotated about a vertical axis and a light source provided in the mount unit applies laser light in a direction parallel to a horizontal axis. A laser projection unit supported by the mount unit is rotated about the horizontal axis and a rotating irradiator provided in the laser projection unit turnably applies laser light onto a reference plane.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus employs an image carrier (photoreceptor) cartridge having protective covers of which surface is coated with conductive shield in order to prevent frictional charging that will bring on sparking between a photoreceptor and covers. Further, the photoreceptor cartridge is equipped on its surface with an elastic member which is a foam body having a plurality of foam cells for catching foreign matter such as paper particles in order to prevent the foreign matter from damaging the surface of the photoreceptor. Moreover, the photoreceptor cartridge is also equipped with a flick member for flicking off toner deposited on a conductive brush in order to prevent the brush from becoming dirty. Owing to the above-mentioned construction, the image forming apparatus can avoid degradation in image quality.

Abstract: A rotary laser irradiating system, comprising a laser projector for performing rotary irradiation of a laser beam, a collimating telescope having a collimation axis in a projecting direction of the laser beam, and a rotation base where the collimating telescope can be rotated around an axial line running perpendicularly to the collimation axis and can be fixed at a predetermined position, whereby the collimating telescope is used for the setting of a tilting direction, and the collimating telescope is rotated when necessary, and collimation can be performed at least in two directions.