Abstract: A vehicle brake system includes a switching valve switchable between a first state allowing communication between a first fluid pressure generating device and a frictional brake and a second state allowing communication between a second fluid pressure generating device and the frictional brake. The second fluid pressure generating device generates a fluid pressure by moving a piston with an electric actuator, and has a fluid pressure supply port connected to the switching valve and an atmosphere opening port connected to a reservoir tank. When, due to a failure, the switching valve becomes a third state in which the switching valve makes each of the first fluid pressure generating device and the second fluid pressure generating device communicate with the frictional brake, a control device controls the second fluid pressure generating device to close the atmosphere opening port with the piston.

Abstract: A vehicle brake system includes a first fluid pressure generating device for generating a fluid pressure according to a brake operating amount, a second fluid pressure generating device for generating a fluid pressure by moving a piston with an electric actuator, and a switching valve switchable between a first state allowing communication between the first fluid pressure generating device and a vehicle behavior stabilizing device and a second state allowing communication between the second fluid pressure generating device and the vehicle behavior stabilizing device. A control device places the switching valve in the second state during execution of automatic brake control, and places the switching valve in the first state when a predetermined abnormality occurs in the vehicle, except that the control device places the switching valve in the second state when an abnormality including inability of the second fluid pressure generating device to generate the fluid pressure occurs.

Abstract: The continuous liquid separation is a continuous liquid separating apparatus that separates a first liquid and a second liquid that is immiscible to the first liquid and has a higher specific gravity than the first liquid, and includes: a liquid separating tank configured to contain a liquid, and be supplied with a liquid mixture of the first liquid and the second liquid, and including a first discharge portion on a lower side thereof and a second discharge portion disposed at a position higher than the first discharge portion, a valve configured to open/close the first discharge portion, a first sensor configured to detect a first water level of the liquid mixture contained in the liquid separating tank, the first water level being lower than the second discharge portion, and a second sensor configured to detect a second water level of the liquid mixture contained in the liquid separating tank.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of providing a cylinder liner or a cylinder bore, which can reduce not only friction on a sliding surface but also oil consumption. In a piston sliding direction of the cylinder bore, grooves of a second sliding region positioned on the side of crankcase have a higher groove area ratio at a depth of 0.3 ?m than grooves of a first sliding region positioned on the side of combustion chamber, and the groove area ratio is in a specific range, whereby friction and oil consumption can be reduced.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of providing a cylinder liner or a cylinder bore, which can reduce not only friction on a sliding surface but also oil consumption. In a piston sliding direction of the cylinder bore, grooves of a second sliding region positioned on the side of crankcase have a higher groove area ratio at a depth of 0.3 ?m than grooves of a first sliding region positioned on the side of combustion chamber, and the groove area ratio is in a specific range, whereby friction and oil consumption can be reduced.