Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic photosensitive member including: a support; and a photosensitive layer, wherein the support has a surface formed of Al and/or an Al alloy, wherein the surface of the support comprises Al crystal grains having: (?) a plane at ?15° or more and less than +15° with respect to a {001} orientation; (?) a plane at ?15° or more and less than +15° with respect to a {101} orientation; and (?) a plane at ?15° or more and less than +15° with respect to a {111} orientation, and wherein the ratio of an area occupied by the Al crystal grain having the (?) is 10% or less, and the value of the ratio of an area occupied by the Al crystal grain having the (?) to an area occupied by the Al crystal grain having the (?) is more than 4/6 and less than 6/4.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprises: a support having a cylindrical shape; and a photosensitive layer, wherein the support has a surface formed of Al and/or an Al alloy, and includes Al crystal grains having: (?) a plane at ?15° or more and less than +15° with respect to a {001} orientation; (?) a plane at ?15° or more and less than +15° with respect to a {101} orientation; and (?) a plane at ?15° or more and less than +15° with respect to a {111} orientation, and wherein a ratio of an area occupied by the Al crystal grain having the (?) to a total area of the surface of the support is 10% or less, and a ratio of an area occupied by the Al crystal grain having the (?) to the total area of the surface of the support is more than 10%.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic photosensitive member including: a support having a cylindrical shape; and a photosensitive layer, wherein the support has a surface formed of Al and/or an Al alloy, the surface of the support includes Al crystal grains having: (?) a plane at ?15° or more and less than +15° with respect to a {001} orientation; (?) a plane at ?15° or more and less than +15° with respect to a {101} orientation; and (?) a plane at ?15° or more and less than +15° with respect to a {111} orientation, a ratio of an area occupied by the Al crystal grain having the (?) to a total area of the surface of the support is 10% or less, and a ratio of an area occupied by the Al crystal grain having the (?) to the total area of the surface of the support is more than 10%.

Abstract: The electrophotographic photosensitive member includes: a support; and a photosensitive layer, wherein a surface of the support is formed of Al and/or an Al alloy, wherein the surface of the support includes Al crystal grains having: (?) a plane at ?15° or more and less than +15° with respect to a {001} orientation; (?) a plane at ?15° or more and less than +15° with respect to a {101} orientation; and (?) a plane at ?15° or more and less than +15° with respect to a {111} orientation, and wherein a ratio of an area occupied by Al crystal grains each having the (?) to a total area of the surface of the support is more than 10% and 50% or less, and a ratio of an area occupied by Al crystal grains each having the (?) or the (?) to the remaining area is 80% or more.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic photosensitive member that suppresses an image defect resulting from its support and is reduced in long-term potential fluctuation. The electrophotographic photosensitive member is an electrophotographic photosensitive member including a support having a cylindrical shape and a photosensitive layer formed on the support, wherein the support has a surface formed of Al and/or an Al alloy, and wherein the IR peak area ratio A of the surface of the support determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy satisfies the following condition: A?0.50 where the IR peak area ratio A represents a ratio a/z of a peak area “a” in the range of from 1,016 cm?1 or more to 1,130 cm?1 or less to a peak area “z” in the range of from 650 cm?1 or more to 1,130 cm?1 or less.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member having: a support with a cylindrical shape; and a photosensitive layer, in which the support has a surface formed of Al and/or an Al alloy, and the surface of the support includes Al crystal grains having (?) plane having {001} orientation of ?15° or more and less than +15°, (?) plane having {101} orientation of ?15° or more and less than +15°, and (?) plane having {111} orientation of ?15° or more and less than +15°, a ratio of an area occupied by Al crystal grains having (?) to the total area of the surface of the support is 10% or less, and a ratio of an area occupied by any one of Al crystal grains having (?) and Al crystal grains having (?) is 60% or more.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic photosensitive member that can suppress the surface direction unevenness of an output image throughout repeated image formation. The electrophotographic photosensitive member is an electrophotographic photosensitive member including a support having a cylindrical shape and a photosensitive layer formed on the support, wherein the support contains at least one of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and wherein when an area at the maximum frequency calculated from the area distribution curve of the aluminum crystal grains of the surface of the support is represented by A (?m2) and the half-width of the highest peak in the area distribution curve is represented by B (?m2), the support satisfies the following formula (1): B/A?1.0 ??(1).