Abstract: Provided are a sensor device which can be made small-sized, a catheter, and a system provided with the sensor device. A sensor device (1) is provided with a pipe-shaped distal-end-side member (23), a pressure sensor (4) and a temperature sensor (5) which are integrated and accommodated in an inner space of the distal-end-side member (23), and lead wires (6) connected to the pressure sensor (4) and the temperature sensor (5) and led out to the rear-end side. In the pressure sensor (4) and the temperature sensor (5), sensor elements (41), (51) are formed on one surface side of respective substrates (42), (52) thereof, and are disposed and integrated so that the other-surface sides of the substrates (42), (52) face each other.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a magnetic recording medium comprising a magnetic layer comprising a ferromagnetic powder and a binder on one surface of a nonmagnetic support and a backcoat layer comprising a granular material and a binder on the other surface of the nonmagnetic support, wherein the backcoat layer has an average surface roughness ranging from 15 to 25 nm, as measured by an atomic force microscope, and a density of protrusions equal to or greater than 50 nm in height ranges from 1 to 50/mm2 on the backcoat layer surface, as measured by a three-dimensional surface roughness meter with a contact needle. The present invention further relates to a method of reproducing magnetic signals and a magnetic signal reproduction system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a magnetic recording medium comprising a magnetic layer comprising a ferromagnetic powder and a binder on one surface of a nonmagnetic support and a backcoat layer comprising a granular material and a binder on the other surface of the nonmagnetic support, wherein the backcoat layer has an average surface roughness ranging from 15 to 25 nm, as measured by an atomic force microscope, and a density of protrusions equal to or greater than 50 nm in height ranges from 1 to 50/mm2 on the backcoat layer surface, as measured by a three-dimensional surface roughness meter with a contact needle. The present invention further relates to a method of reproducing magnetic signals and a magnetic signal reproduction system.

Abstract: An error factor estimating method estimates a factor of an error occurring when information recorded on a digital recording medium is reproduced by a digital recording and reproducing apparatus. The error factor estimating method includes the steps of: recording error factor estimation data on a digital recording medium; reproducing the error factor estimation data from the digital recording medium to obtain an error factor estimation signal; and estimating the factor of the error based on the factor estimation. The error factor estimating method can estimate the factor of occurrence of the error based on a factor estimation signal obtained by reproducing the error factor estimation data from the recording medium by the digital recording and reproducing device without affecting user data recorded on the recording medium at all.

Abstract: On manufacturing a low voltage electron beam excitation phosphor display apparatus (10) which includes an anode (6) having a principal surface and enclosed in a vacuum chamber (1, 2, and 3), a phosphor film (7) formed on the principal surface, and a cathode (9) enclosed in the vacuum chamber opposite to the phosphor film, a phosphor is prepared which consists essentially of an oxisulfide and an oxide which is inevitably formed on a surface of the oxisulfide on preparing the phosphor. The oxisulfide is represented by Ln.sub.2 O.sub.2 S:R, where Ln is at least one selected from a group consisting of Gd, La, Y, and Lu and where R is a rare-earth element. The oxide is removed from the phosphor to produce an oxide-removed phosphor. A pasts comprising a mixture of the oxide-removed phosphor, a conductive material, and an autolytic type binder is coated on the principal surface of the anode which is formed on an insulating substrate (1) constituting the vacuum chamber.

Abstract: An optical information processing apparatus and method of correcting an offset of a tracking error signal.

Abstract: An optical information processing apparatus includes an optical head for irradiating a light beam onto an optical recording medium, an objective lens, mounted on the optical head, for condensing the light beam onto the recording medium, a photodetector for receiving a light beam from the recording medium and for generating a tracking error signal indicative of a positional deviation between a light beam irradiated position and a track, a tracking actuator for moving the objective lens in a direction intersecting tracks of the recording medium, a tracking controller for driving the tracking actuator in accordance with the tracking error signal so as to correct the positional deviation, a position detector for detecting a relative position of the objective lens with respect to the optical head in the direction intersecting the tracks, a measuring device for measuring a relationship between an offset of the tracking error signal and a position of the objective lens from the tracking error signal and an output of

Abstract: An optical information processing apparatus includes a unit for scanning a track formed on an optical recording medium with a light beam, a tracking control unit for correcting a position shift between a radiation position of the light beam on the medium and the track, and an offset correction unit for automatically correcting an offset of the tracking control unit.

Abstract: An optical information processing apparatus includes a light source for radiating a light beam onto an optical information recording medium. A first photosensor is provided for partially receiving the light beam emitted from the light source and generating an output, and a second photosensor is provided for receiving either a light beam reflected by the recording medium or a light beam transmitted through the recording medium and generating an output. A control circuit controls power of the light beam emitted from the light source using the output from the first photosensor, and a correction circuit automatically corrects linearity of the output of the first photosensor with respect to the power of the light beam emitted from the light source in accordance with the output from the second photosensor.

Abstract: The information recording method of the present invention comprises steps of recording information on a recording medium by a recording head during forward movement, reading the information recorded during the forward movement in the opposite sequence to the recording sequence during backward movement, and checking if the information has been correctly written or not based on the information read during the backward movement.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device for reproducing information from an information recording medium having, on its information recording surface, a surface layer transmitting light therethrough. The information reproducing device includes a light source generating an illuminating light beam, a photodetector for receiving light from the information recording medium illuminated by the light beam from the light source, information reproduction being effected by the result of the detection by the photodetector, and an illuminating optical system for condensing the light beam from the light source and for directing it onto the information recording medium, the position of the condensing point by the illuminating optical system being spaced apart from the information recording surface of the information recording medium during the information reproduction by the detection by the photodetector.

Abstract: An information recording and reproducing apparatus includes a head unit for recording information on and reproducing information from an information recording medium having a plurality of linear tracks arranged in parallel, a device for moving the head unit relative to the recording medium, and a detector for detecting whether the record medium has been loaded into the apparatus in a normal state. The detector includes a photo-detection unit having a light projector for projecting a light beam to the recording medium and a photo-detector for detecting a light beam from the recording medium. The photo-detection unit is arranged such that when the recording medium is inserted in the normal state, the light beam from the light projector illuminates a track of the recording medium and the photo-detector detects high-order diffracted light from the illuminated track.

Abstract: In an optical information recording medium of the type wherein information is recorded or reproduced when a light beam scans each of a plurality of mutually parallel tracking tracks, an auxiliary track is extended between the adjacent tracking tracks and has at least one portion in parallel with the tracking tracks. In a method of recording or reproducing information by scanning a light beam on each of a plurality of mutually parallel tracking tracks on the recording medium, the recording medium has an auxiliary track which is extended between the adjacent tracking tracks and which has at least one portion in parallel with the tracking tracks and the light beam is kicked in the parallel portion of the auxiliary track.

Abstract: There is disclosed an optical card recorder-reader, in which erroneous signal recording, caused by a low-level light beam when it is stopped at a position for a prolonged period between writing and/or reading operation, either by interruping the irradiation, or by reducing the power of irradiation, or by placing the light beam outside the recording area, when the recording or reading operation is not in progress.

Abstract: An optical information recording and reproducing apparatus comprises, an optical head for recording and reproducing information on and from a card-shaped optical recording medium, first means for relatively reciprocally moving said optical head to said card-shaped optical recording medium, and control means for controlling a relative speed between said optical head and said optical recording medium, said control means keeping a constant relative speed between said optical head and said optical recording medium in a record area of said optical recording medium and changing the relative speed between said optical head and said optical recording medium and reversing the direction of the relative movement between said optical head and said optical recording medium in areas outside of the record area.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for recording information on a card-shaped optical information recording medium with a light beam and/or for reproducing information recorded on the medium. The apparatus includes a device for irradiating the medium with a light beam, a device for causing relative reciprocal movement between the medium and the light beam, and a device for terminating or displacing the light beam on the medium, after the lapse of a predetermined period of time from a moment when the relative speed of the medium and the light beam is reduced below a predetermined speed. The method includes the steps carried out by the apparatus.

Abstract: An optical element whose focal length is variable comprises a medium whose refractive index is variable by temperature, a heating device for imparting heat to the medium to cause an index gradient resulting from a temperature distribution to be created in the medium, and a device for controlling the amount of heat imparted to the medium by the heating device to vary the shape of the index gradient formed in the medium.

Abstract: A variable aberration imaging optical system comprises an imaging optical system and an optical device disposed in the optical system and capable of controlling the imaging characteristic of the imaging optical system. The optical device has a medium for forming an index gradient therein by heat, and a device for imparting heat to a desired position on the medium.

Abstract: This specification discloses a light modulating device comprising a liquid medium whose physical properties are variable by heat, and a heat-generating element for heating the liquid medium to such a degree that boiling does not occur to the liquid medium. The specification also discloses a light modulation apparatus comprising a liquid medium whose physical properties are variable by heat, a heat-generating element for heating the liquid medium to such a degree that boiling does not occur to the liquid medium, and a optical system for taking out one of a light flux modulated by the variation in physical properties of the liquid medium and a light flux not modulated by said variation from a state in which the light fluxes are mixedly present.

Abstract: An optical information recording medium in the form of a card having tracking tracks for obtaining a tracking signal and clock tracks for obtaining a clock signal arranged alternately and record zones for recording information between each of the tracking tracks and each of the clock tracks, and apparatus for recording/reproducing information using the recording medium.