Abstract: Provided are: a fiber-containing material which has improved strength in an out-of-plane direction without a decrease in strength in an in-plane direction; a method for inserting out-of-plane reinforcement threads; and a method for producing the fiber-containing material. The fiber-containing material contains a base material and out-of-plane reinforcement threads. The base material contains reinforcement fibers extending in a direction along a plane. The out-of-plane reinforcement threads are formed in the base material so as to extend in a direction intersecting the direction along the plane.

Abstract: A pultrusion material that is a composite material member comprises: a plurality of fiber sheets that extend along a lengthwise direction; and a reinforcement material that is provided to an interior of a corner section formed by the plurality of fiber sheets, wherein the thickness of the corner section where the reinforcement material is provided is comparatively thicker than the thickness of flat sections that are continuous with the corner section. A fiber sheet that is provided to an inner surface of the corner section is provided continuously within the inner surface, and a fiber sheet that is provided to an outer surface of the corner section is provided continuously within the outer surface.

Abstract: Provided are: a fiber-containing material which has improved strength in an out-of-plane direction without a decrease in strength in an in-plane direction; a method for inserting out-of-plane reinforcement threads; and a method for producing the fiber-containing material. The fiber-containing material contains a base material and out-of-plane reinforcement threads. The base material contains reinforcement fibers extending in a direction along a plane. The out-of-plane reinforcement threads are formed in the base material so as to extend in a direction intersecting the direction along the plane.

Abstract: This pultrusion material that is a composite material member comprises: a plurality of fiber sheets that extend along a lengthwise direction; and a gap material that is provided to a gap formed by the plurality of fiber sheets, wherein the gap material has a gap fiber sheet including reinforcement fibers that are oriented in a different fiber direction than the lengthwise direction, and has gap reinforcement fibers that are oriented in the same fiber direction as the lengthwise direction. Additionally, the gap reinforcement fibers are provided evenly distributed in a cross-section of the gap material, said cross-section being perpendicular to the lengthwise direction.

Abstract: A controlling apparatus for an engine, includes: an auto-ignition index calculating unit that is configured to calculate, based on a cylinder temperature and a cylinder pressure in a combustion chamber, an auto-ignition index which indicates easiness of occurrence of auto-ignition of fuel at a crank angle before an ignition timing in a compression stroke; a first correction coefficient calculating unit that is configured to calculate, based on an amount of fuel adhering to a wall surface of the combustion chamber at the crank angle, a wall-adhering fuel correction coefficient for correcting the auto-ignition index; and a low-speed pre-ignition predicting unit that is configured to predict, based on the auto-ignition index and the wall-adhering fuel correction coefficient, occurrence of low-speed pre-ignition.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an improved partial discharge-resistant electrical insulating resin composition that can inhibit deterioration of an insulator due to partial discharge. The partial discharge-resistant electrical insulating resin composition of the present invention comprises boehmite alumina and a resin.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an improved partial discharge-resistant electrical insulating resin composition that can inhibit deterioration of an insulator due to partial discharge. The partial discharge-resistant electrical insulating resin composition of the present invention comprises a layered double hydroxide and a resin.

Abstract: A fuel tank in which it is possible to reduce working hours or cost in a manufacturing process and prevent an increase in weight in, a main wing, an aircraft fuselage, an aircraft, and a mobile body. The fuel tank is provided with a structural member using carbon fiber reinforced plastic in which a reinforcing material includes carbon fibers and a matrix includes plastic, wherein the matrix has electrical conductivity applied thereto. Furthermore, a cut surface of the structural member, which is formed by cutting the structural member, may be exposed to the inside in which fuel is accommodated, of a fuel tank.

Abstract: An engine control device is provided which includes a first fuel injection valve; a second injection valve provided at such a position that the amount of fuel injected by the second fuel injection valve and adhering to the inner peripheral wall of a cylinder is smaller; a cooling water temperature detector for detecting the temperature of cooling water for cooling an engine; and an injection ratio determining arrangement for determining the ratio between the amount of fuel injected by the first fuel injection valve and the amount of fuel injected by the second fuel injection valve based on the temperature of cooling water. The injection ratio determining arrangement stores an injection amount adjustment operation range in which the injection ratio determining arrangement is configured to increase the fuel injection ratio of the amount of fuel injected by the second fuel injection valve, when the temperature of cooling water falls.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide: a structural material for structures which is capable of attaining reductions in working time and cost in production steps and of preventing an increase in weight; a fuel tank; a main wing; and an aircraft. A rib (11) as the structural material for structures is characterized by comprising a carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic wherein the reinforcement comprises carbon fibers and the matrix comprises a plastic, and the surface of the carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic was coated with a low-viscosity surface-protective material (18) having conductivity imparted thereto.

Abstract: A controlling apparatus for an engine, includes: an auto-ignition index calculating unit that is configured to calculate, based on a cylinder temperature and a cylinder pressure in a combustion chamber, an auto-ignition index which indicates easiness of occurrence of auto-ignition of fuel at a crank angle before an ignition timing in a compression stroke; a first correction coefficient calculating unit that is configured to calculate, based on an amount of fuel adhering to a wall surface of the combustion chamber at the crank angle, a wall-adhering fuel correction coefficient for correcting the auto-ignition index; and a low-speed pre-ignition predicting unit that is configured to predict, based on the auto-ignition index and the wall-adhering fuel correction coefficient, occurrence of low-speed pre-ignition.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide: a structural material for structures which is capable of attaining reductions in working time and cost in production steps and of preventing an increase in weight; a fuel tank; a main wing; and an aircraft. A rib (11) as the structural material for structures is characterized by comprising a carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic wherein the reinforcement comprises carbon fibers and the matrix comprises a plastic, and the surface of the carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic was coated with a low-viscosity surface-protective material (18) having conductivity imparted thereto.

Abstract: A fuel tank in which it is possible to reduce working hours or cost in a manufacturing process and prevent an increase in weight in, a main wing, an aircraft fuselage, an aircraft, and a mobile body. The fuel tank is provided with a structural member using carbon fiber reinforced plastic in which a reinforcing material includes carbon fibers and a matrix includes plastic, wherein the matrix has electrical conductivity applied thereto. Furthermore, a cut surface of the structural member, which is formed by cutting the structural member, may be exposed to the inside in which fuel is accommodated, of a fuel tank.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a structural material for a structure which enables a reduction in weight, while reducing the time and effort required during production and ensuring favorable lightning resistance performance. The structural material for a structure comprises a carbon fiber reinforced plastic in which the reinforcing material comprises a carbon fiber, the matrix comprises a plastic, and the resistivity in the sheet thickness direction is at least 1 ?cm but not more than 200 ?cm. The carbon fiber reinforced plastic may have a resistivity in the thickness direction of not more than 100 ?cm, and a metal foil or a metal mesh may be provided on the surface of the carbon fiber reinforced plastic.

Abstract: A composition for a heat insulator, a heat insulator, and a spacecraft equipped with the heat insulator are provided which are able to satisfy a desired level of heat insulation performance while suppressing recession. The composition for a heat insulator comprises a fibrous substance, inorganic foam particles, a thermosetting resin and a foaming agent, wherein the fibrous substance includes at least a first fibrous substance, and a second fibrous substance composed of a material different from the first fibrous substance, the melting point of the first fibrous substance is higher than the melting point of the second fibrous substance, and the thermal conductivity of the second fibrous substance is lower than the thermal conductivity of the first fibrous substance.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound represented by the formula (I): wherein each symbol is as defined in the description, or a salt thereof. The compound or a salt thereof or a prodrug thereof has a GPR40 receptor function modulating action and is useful as an insulin secretagogue or an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetes and the like.

Abstract: Provided is a composition for a lightweight heat-insulating material having high heat-insulating properties. The composition for a heat-insulating material contains a fibrous material, inorganic foamed particles, a thermosetting resin, and a foaming agent. Since the composition for a heat-insulating material contains the inorganic foamed particles and the foaming agent in addition to the fibrous material and the thermosetting resin, the weight can be reduced and the thermal conductivity can be lowered due to the inorganic foamed particles having low specific gravity. Further, the thermosetting resin is caused to foam by the foaming agent, and the weight can be reduced and the thermal conductivity can be lowered. A lightweight heat-insulating material having high-insulating properties can be obtained.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound represented by the formula (I): wherein each symbol is as defined in the description, or a salt thereof. The compound or a salt thereof or a prodrug thereof has a GPR40 receptor function modulating action and is useful as an insulin secretagogue or an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetes and the like.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound represented by the formula (I): wherein each symbol is as defined in the description, or a salt thereof. The compound or a salt thereof or a prodrug thereof has a GPR40 receptor function modulating action and is useful as an insulin secretagogue or an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetes and the like.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound represented by the formula (I): wherein each symbol is as defined in the description, or a salt thereof. The compound or a salt thereof or a prodrug thereof has a GPR40 receptor function modulating action and is useful as an insulin secretagogue or an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetes and the like.