Abstract: Disclosed are methods for detecting demineralization of a surface of a tooth, comprising a) contacting the tooth of a subject with an orally acceptable, binding composition comprising a binding agent that binds to a demineralized surface of the tooth; b) removing unbound binding compound; c) contacting the tooth with an orally acceptable, detector composition comprising a probe compound that reacts with the binding agent to form a visually detectable reaction product; and d) detecting formation of the reaction product as an indication of the presence or extent of surface demineralization of the tooth. Systems, kits, and compositions for practicing the methods are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for detecting demineralization of a surface of a tooth, comprising a) contacting the tooth of a subject with an orally acceptable, binding composition comprising a binding agent that binds to a demineralized surface of the tooth; b) removing unbound binding compound; c) contacting the tooth with an orally acceptable, detector composition comprising a probe compound that reacts with the binding agent to form a visually detectable reaction product; and d) detecting formation of the reaction product as an indication of the presence or extent of surface demineralization of the tooth. Systems, kits, and compositions for practicing the methods are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for detecting demineralization of a surface of a tooth, comprising a) contacting the tooth of a subject with an orally acceptable, binding composition comprising a binding agent that binds to a demineralized surface of the tooth; b) removing unbound binding compound; c) contacting the tooth with an orally acceptable, detector composition comprising a probe compound that reacts with the binding agent to form a visually detectable reaction product; and d) detecting formation of the reaction product as an indication of the presence or extent of surface demineralization of the tooth. Systems, kits, and compositions for practicing the methods are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a compound comprising a bis[thiohydrazide amide] or a deprotonated form thereof, complexed to a transition metal cation, wherein the bis[thiohydrazide amide] is represented by Structural Formula (I), or a prodrug, isomer, ester, salt, hydrate, solvate, polymorph or a deprotonated form thereof. In one embodiment, the compound is represented by Structural Formula (II), or a prodrug, isomer, ester, salt, hydrate, solvate or polymorph thereof. The present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of the invention and method of use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a compound comprising a bis[thiohydrazide amide] or a deprotonated form thereof, complexed to a transition metal cation, wherein the bis[thiohydrazide amide] is represented by Structural Formula (I): or a prodrug, isomer, ester, salt, hydrate, solvate, polymorph or a deprotonated form thereof. The present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of the invention and method of use thereof.

Abstract: Certain bis[thio-hydrazide amide]-related compounds are found to be surprisingly effective at treating with leukemia, e.g., acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methods of treating a subject with AML including administering bis[thio-hydrazide amide]-related compounds described herein, are disclosed.

Abstract: Compositions and kits are provided having a peptide having an amino acid sequence that binds to eukaryotic cells and effects differentiation and support growth of the cells. Peptide-scaffold compositions containing at least one peptide or combinations of peptides are therapeutic agents for stimulating and promoting osteogenic activity and osteoinduction activity for cells. The scaffold is for example apatite, natural cancellous bone, demineralized natural cancellous bone, collagen, calcium phosphate, or hydroxyapatite.

Abstract: Improved cancer treatments with bis[thiohydrazide amide] compounds such as elesclomol, in particular for identifying patient populations that would benefit from such treatments.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a compound comprising a bis[thiohydrazide amide] or a deprotonated form thereof, complexed to a transition metal cation, wherein the bis[thiohydrazide amide] is represented by Structural Formula (I): or a prodrug, isomer, ester, salt, hydrate, solvate, polymorph or a deprotonated form thereof. The present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of the invention and method of use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a compound comprising a bis[thiohydrazide amide] or a deprotonated form thereof, complexed to a transition metal cation, wherein the bis[thiohydrazide amide] is represented by Structural Formula (I): or a prodrug, isomer, ester, salt, hydrate, solvate, polymorph or a deprotonated form thereof. The present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of the invention and method of use thereof.

Abstract: Improved cancer treatments with bis[thiohydrazide amide] compounds such as elesclomol, in particular for identifying patient populations that would benefit from such treatments.

Abstract: Certain bis[thio-hydrazide amide]-related compounds are found to be surprisingly effective at treating with leukemia, e.g., acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methods of treating a subject with AML including administering bis[thio-hydrazide amide]-related compounds described herein, are disclosed.

Abstract: Compositions and kits are provided having a peptide having an amino acid sequence that binds to eukaryotic cells and effects differentiation and support growth of the cells. Peptide-scaffold compositions containing at least one peptide or combinations of peptides are therapeutic agents for stimulating and promoting osteogenic activity and osteoinduction activity for cells. The scaffold is for example apatite, natural cancellous bone, demineralized natural cancellous bone, collagen, calcium phosphate, or hydroxyapatite.

Abstract: This invention relates to pyrimidine compounds of formula (I), formula (I?), and formula (I?): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, clathrates, and prodrugs thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, U, V, W, X, Y, Z, and n are defined herein. This invention also relates to compositions comprising these compounds and methods for using them. The compounds and compositions of this invention are useful to treat or prevent disorders associated with excessive bone loss, including, without limitation periodontal disease, non-malignant bone disorders (such as osteoporosis, Pagers-disease of bone, osteogenesis imperfecta, fibrous dysplasia, and primary hyperparathyroidism) estrogen deficiency, inflammatory bone loss, bone malignancy, arthritis, osteopetrosis, and certain cancer-related disorders (such as hypercalcemia of malignancy (HCM), osteolytic bone lesions of multiple myeloma and osteolytic bone metastases of breast cancer and other metastatic cancers).

Abstract: This invention relates to pyrimidine compounds of formula (I), formula (I?), and formula (I?): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, clathrates, and prodrugs thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, U, V, W, X, Y, Z, and n are defined herein. This invention also relates to compositions comprising these compounds and methods for using them. The compounds and compositions of this invention are useful to treat or prevent disorders associated with excessive bone loss, including, without limitation periodontal disease, non-malignant bone disorders (such as osteoporosis, Pagers-disease of bone, osteogenesis imperfecta, fibrous dysplasia, and primary hyperparathyroidism) estrogen deficiency, inflammatory bone loss, bone malignancy, arthritis, osteopetrosis, and certain cancer-related disorders (such as hypercalcemia of malignancy (HCM), osteolytic bone lesions of multiple myeloma and osteolytic bone metastases of breast cancer and other metastatic cancers).

Abstract: A method for producing a fluoroalkyl ether, which comprises reacting a fluoroalkyl alcohol with a fluorinated olefin in the presence of a solvent and a catalyst, wherein the fluoroalkyl alcohol and the fluorinated olefin are continuously supplied into a reactor, a reaction product containing the fluoroalkyl ether is continuously withdrawn from the reactor, and the reaction is carried out while the concentration of the fluoroalkyl alcohol present in the reactor is maintained to be at most 7 mass % based on the total organic component present in the reactor. According to the present invention, a fluoroalkyl ether having a high purity can be produced in an industrial scale and at a high reaction rate.

Abstract: To provide a process for producing a fluorinated alkyl ether, whereby a sufficient reaction rate can be attained even under mild reaction conditions, and a post-process such as distillation after the reaction can be efficiently carried out. A process for producing a fluorinated alkyl ether, which comprises introducing an aprotic polar solvent, a fluorinated ether, a catalyst, a fluorinated alkyl alcohol and a fluorinated olefin into a reactor, and then, reacting the fluorinated alkyl alcohol with the fluorinated olefin, characterized in that the ratio of the two components of the aprotic polar solvent and the fluorinated ether introduced into the reactor is the aprotic polar solvent/the fluorinated ether=5/95 to 80/20 by mass ratio.

Abstract: To provide a process for producing a fluorinated alkyl ether, whereby a sufficient reaction rate can be attained even under mild reaction conditions, and a post-process such as distillation after the reaction can be efficiently carried out. A process for producing a fluorinated alkyl ether, which comprises introducing an aprotic polar solvent, a fluorinated ether, a catalyst, a fluorinated alkyl alcohol and a fluorinated olefin into a reactor, and then, reacting the fluorinated alkyl alcohol with the fluorinated olefin, characterized in that the ratio of the two components of the aprotic polar solvent and the fluorinated ether introduced into the reactor is the aprotic polar solvent/the fluorinated ether=5/95 to 80/20 by mass ratio.

Abstract: A method for producing a fluoroalkyl ether, which comprises reacting a fluoroalkyl alcohol with a fluorinated olefin in the presence of a solvent and a catalyst, wherein the fluoroalkyl alcohol and the fluorinated olefin are continuously supplied into a reactor, a reaction product containing the fluoroalkyl ether is continuously withdrawn from the reactor, and the reaction is carried out while the concentration of the fluoroalkyl alcohol present in the reactor is maintained to be at most 7 mass % based on the total organic component present in the reactor. According to the present invention, a fluoroalkyl ether having a high purity can be produced in an industrial scale and at a high reaction rate.

Abstract: This invention relates to fused pyrrole compounds of Formula (I): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof, wherein V1, V2, V3, V4, R1, R2, R3, W1 and W2 are as defined herein. The compounds of this invention may be used to prevent or treat cancer, inflammatory disorders, autoimmune diseasesand other conditions involving PDE4 or elevated levels of cytokines. The invention also provides methods of using the compounds to treat or prevent such disorders and pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds.