Abstract: The present invention concerns, in particular, a method for obtaining a product with magnetocaloric effect from a single piece of material having a magnetic phase transition, the method comprising irradiation of at least one part of the material with ions, the irradiation being carried out with a suitable flux so that, after the irradiation, the material has various magnetic phase transition temperatures in the various parts of the material.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of modifying the direction of magnetization of an upper layer (2) comprising a ferromagnetic material, the method being characterized by: a) placing the upper layer (2) above a lower layer (3) that is not magnetically coupled with the upper layer (2), the lower layer (3) comprising a material suitable for acting or not acting, depending on whether the temperature of said material is greater than or less than a threshold value, to produce a radiated magnetic field suitable for modifying the direction of magnetization or the upper layer (2), the magnetic field radiated by the material of the lower layer (3) being greater than the coercive field of the ferromagnetic material of the upper layer (2); and in that the method comprises: b) a step consisting in causing the temperature of the lower layer (3) to pass from a first value in which the directions of magnetization of the upper layer (2) and of the lower layer (3) are in a stable relative configuration and in which the material