Abstract: A process for preparing a polyester having 2,5-furandicarboxylate units includes subjecting a starting composition including 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and an aliphatic diol to esterification conditions to produce an ester composition and contacting the ester composition with a germanium containing solution at polycondensation conditions to produce a polyester including 2,5-furandicarboxylate units, and polyester including 2,5-furandicarboxylate units including of from 5 to 100 ppm of germanium and having a number average molecular weight of at least 30 kg/mol.

Abstract: A process for producing a polyester having 2,5-furandicarboxylate units includes: a) providing or producing a starting composition including 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, an aliphatic diol and a suppressant for suppressing ether formation between the aliphatic diol molecules, b) subjecting the starting composition to esterification conditions to produce an ester composition, and c) contacting the ester composition with a germanium containing catalyst at polycondensation conditions to produce a polyester including 2,5-furandicarboxylate units, where the suppressant includes amines and lithium hydroxide.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a polyester comprising 5-furandicarboxylic acid moieties (A); ethylene glycol moieties (B); 1,4:3,6-dianhydrohexitol moieties (C); alicyclic diol moieties other than the 1,4:3,6-dianhydrohexitol moieties (D); wherein the molar ratio (B)/[(B)+(C)+(D)] is greater than 0.2. The invention aloes relates to a process of preparing the polyester and to its use.

Abstract: A polyester including at least one furandicarboxylate unit, at least one saturated, linear or branched, diol unit including from 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and at least one bicyclic diol unit, the said bicyclic diol being chosen from: isosorbide, isoidide, isomannide, 2,3:4,5-di-O-methylene-galactitol, and 2,4:3,5-di-O-methylene-D-mannitol. The glass transition temperature of the polyester is greater than or equal to 90° C. Processes for preparing this polyester are also described.

Abstract: Disclosed are a tire fiber having high adhesion to other members, a rubber/fiber composite having improved adhesion between rubber and fiber, and a tire having high hydraulic durability. The tire fiber comprises a polyethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate (PEF) raw yarn, wherein the PEF raw yarn comprises as a raw material PEF having a terminal carboxylic acid amount of 1 to 100 mmol/kg.

Abstract: The molecular weight of a semi-crystalline starting polyester comprising ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate units is enhanced by heating the semi-crystalline starting polyester, having a melting point Tm, at a temperature in the range of (Tm-40° C.) to Tm to obtain a solid stated polyester, where the semi-crystalline starting polyester has an intrinsic viscosity of at least 0.45 dL/g, and an amount of carboxylic acid end groups in the range of 15 to 122 meq/kg.

Abstract: A polyester-containing object, such as an injection stretch blow molded bottle, a biaxially oriented film or a drawn fiber, is made from melt-processing poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate). The poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) has a number average molecular weight of at least 25,000, as determined by GPC based on polystyrene standards, and includes an antimony catalyst.

Abstract: Polyamides are made from the polycondensation of monomers including from 15 to 80 mol % of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), from 20 to 85 mol % of at least one aromatic dicarboxylic acid and from 50 to 100 mol % of at least one aliphatic diamine selected from those including 6 and 7 carbon atoms. A process allowing the synthesis of high molecular weight polyamides made from the above mentioned monomers is also described. Finally, compositions and articles including the same polyamides are also disclosed.

Abstract: A furan-based polyamide is prepared by the following steps: (1) preparing a furan-based oligomer of formula (1) H2N—R—(NH—CO—F—CO—NH—R)n—NH2 (1) where R is a hydrocarbon moiety and F is a furan (cyclo-C4H2O) moiety and n represents the average degree of oligomerization, and where n is within the range of 1 to 10 by reacting 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid or its derivative with a diamine at a temperature of at most 100° C.; (2) contacting the oligomer of step (1) with a bifunctional linker selected from an acid or a derivative thereof where the acid is furandicarboxylic acid or a non-aromatic dicarboxylic acid; provided that if the hydrocarbon moiety R is aromatic, then the bifunctional linker is an aromatic dicarboxylic acid or a derivative thereof, at a mole ratio of the oligomer to the difunctional linker within the range of 0.8 to 1.5 at polycondensation conditions, and (3) isolating the resulting polyamide.

Abstract: An acid composition comprising 2-formyl-furan-5-carboxylic acid and 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid is purified in a process which comprises; contacting the acid composition with an alcohol to obtain an esterified composition; and separating the ester of 2-formyl-furan-5-carboxylic acid from the esterified composition to obtain a purified esterified product; and contacting the purified esterified composition with water for saponification or hydrolysis, to obtain a product composition, comprising 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and a reduced amount of 2-formyl-furan-5-carboxylic acid.

Abstract: A polyester, including ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate units, has an intrinsic viscosity of at least 0.45 d L/g, and has a relative content of carboxylic acid end groups, expressed as the fraction of the molar amount of carboxylic acid end groups divided by the sum of the molar amounts of hydroxyl end groups and carboxylic acid end groups in the range of 0.10 to 0.70. The polyester can be prepared with a method wherein a starting mixture comprising 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and ethylene glycol is subjected to esterification and subsequent polycondensation at reduced pressure when the molar ratio of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid to ethylene glycol in the starting mixture is 1:1.01 to 1:1.15, where water, that is formed during the reaction between 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and ethylene glycol, and some ethylene glycol are removed in a distillation system, and where ethylene glycol that is removed with water, is separated from water and at least partly recycled.

Abstract: A polyester including poly(ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate is prepared by esterification of a starting mixture including 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and ethylene glycol to form an ester composition, and by subjecting the ester composition thus obtained to polycondensation at reduced pressure in the presence of a polycondensation catalyst to obtain a polycondensate. The mixture is reacted under conditions such that the esterification potential as defined by Esterification Potential (EsPo)=(MR?1)2*PH2O(T), where MR represents the molar ratio of ethylene glycol over 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, MR being greater than 1; PH2O(T) represents the pure component vapor pressure (in bar) of water at temperature T, which is the final reaction temperature in the esterification mixture before the pressure is reduced to effect the polycondensation, is less than 0.8.

Abstract: A polyester including at least one furandicarboxylate unit, at least one saturated, linear or branched, diol unit including from 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and at least one bicyclic diol unit, the said bicyclic diol being chosen from: isosorbide, isoidide, isomannide, 2,3:4,5-di-O-methylene-galactitol, and 2,4:3,5-di-O-methylene-D-mannitol. The glass transition temperature of the polyester is greater than or equal to 90° C. Processes for preparing this polyester are also described.

Abstract: Benzene derivatives of the formula (I); wherein R1 and R2, are the same or different and independently are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, aralkyl, —CHO, —CH2OR3, —CH(OR4)(OR5) and —COOR6, wherein R3, R4 and R5 are the same or different and are selected from hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl, alkylcarbonyl or arylcarbonyl, or wherein R4 and R5 together form an alkylene group and wherein R6 is selected from hydrogen, alkyl and aryl, are prepared in a process, which comprises: reacting a furan derivative of formula (II): wherein R1 and R2 have the meanings above, with ethylene under cycloaddition reaction conditions in the presence of an acid solvent to produce the benzene derivative, wherein the acid solvent is a carboxylic acid and is present in a weight ratio acid solvent to furan derivative from 1:1 to 250:1.

Abstract: A polyester including poly(ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate is prepared by esterification of a starting mixture including 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and ethylene glycol to form an ester composition, and by subjecting the ester composition thus obtained to polycondensation at reduced pressure in the presence of a polycondensation catalyst to obtain a polycondensate. The mixture is reacted under conditions such that the esterification potential as defined by Esterification Potential (EsPo)=(MR?1)2*PH2O(T), where MR represents the molar ratio of ethylene glycol over 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, MR being greater than 1; PH2O(T) represents the pure component vapor pressure (in bar) of water at temperature T, which is the final reaction temperature in the esterification mixture before the pressure is reduced to effect the polycondensation, is less than 0.8.

Abstract: A polyester, including ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate units, has an intrinsic viscosity of at least 0.45 d L/g, and has a relative content of carboxylic acid end groups, expressed as the fraction of the molar amount of carboxylic acid end groups divided by the sum of the molar amounts of hydroxyl end groups and carboxylic acid end groups in the range of 0.10 to 0.70. The polyester can be prepared with a method wherein a starting mixture comprising 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and ethylene glycol is subjected to esterification and subsequent polycondensation at reduced pressure when the molar ratio of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid to ethylene glycol in the starting mixture is 1:1.01 to 1:1.15, where water, that is formed during the reaction between 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and ethylene glycol, and some ethylene glycol are removed in a distillation system, and where ethylene glycol that is removed with water, is separated from water and at least partly recycled.

Abstract: A polyester-containing object, such as an injection stretch blow moulded bottle, a biaxially oriented film or a drawn fibre, is made from melt-processing poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate). The poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) has a number average molecular weight of at least 25,000, as determined by GPC based on polystyrene standards, and includes an antimony catalyst.

Abstract: The molecular weight of a semi-crystalline starting polyester comprising ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate units is enhanced by heating the semi-crystalline starting polyester, having a melting point Tm, at a temperature in the range of (Tm-40° C.) to Tm to obtain a solid stated polyester, where the semi-crystalline starting polyester has an intrinsic viscosity of at least 0.45 dL/g, and an amount of carboxylic acid end groups in the range of 15 to 122 meq/kg.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polymer having a 2,5-furandicarboxylate moiety within the polymer backbone, and having a number average molecular weight of at least 25,000, includes a transesterification step, a polycondensation step, a drying and/or crystallizing step, and a step where the polymer is subjected to post condensation conditions, and to a polyester-containing bottle or film or fiber-containing woven or non-woven object made from melt-processing poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate), where the poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) is obtainable by the process of the invention.

Abstract: Polyamides are made from the polycondensation of monomers including from 15 to 80 mol % of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), from 20 to 85 mol % of at least one aromatic dicarboxylic acid and from 50 to 100 mol % of at least one aliphatic diamine selected from those including 6 and 7 carbon atoms. A process allowing the synthesis of high molecular weight polyamides made from the above mentioned monomers is also described. Finally, compositions and articles including the same polyamides are also disclosed.