Abstract: The present invention relates to a switch molecule for activating a chimeric antigen receptor effector cell, to a polypeptide or fusion protein binding thereto, and to a chimeric antigen receptor. (i) When a switch molecule of the present invention is used, in order to improve safety of a CAR-T cell, if severe toxicity appears, a switch molecule lacking a targeting moiety can be injected to adjust activation of the CAR-T cell. (ii) When an antigen is mutated, or in order to cure various carcinomas, instead of an existing switch molecule, a switch molecule targeting a new antigen generated due to the mutation or a switch molecule targeting a different tumor associated antigen (TAA) can be injected into a patient to cure cancer more effectively.

Abstract: Disclosed are a mixture comprising at least one internal standard protein, a container comprising the mixture, a method for preparing a container with the mixture, a method for determining the amount of a target protein present in a sample, providing a container comprising the mixture, as well as a kit for carrying out the methods.

Abstract: A composition for use in a therapeutic method of treatment or prevention of hyperuricaemia, gout and/or renal impairment, said composition comprising: A) serine, glycine, betaine, N-acetylglycine, N-acetylserine, dimethylglycine, sarcosine and/or phosphoserine; B) N-acetyl cysteine, cysteine and/or cystine; C) optionally carnitine, deoxycarnitine, gamma-butyrobetaine, 4-trimethylammoniobutanal, 3-hydroxy-N 6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine, N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine and/or lysine; and D) nicotinamide riboside, quinolinate, deamino-NAD+, nicotinate D-ribonucleotide, nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide, nicotinate D-ribonucleoside, nicotinamide and/or nicotinate.

Abstract: There is provided a composition comprising: A) serine, glycine, betaine, N-acetylglycine, N-acetylserine, dimethylglycine, sarcosine and/or phosphoserine; B) N-acetyl cysteine, cysteine and/or cystine; C) optionally carnitine, deoxycarnitine, gamma-butyrobetaine, 4-trimethylammnoniobutanal, 3-hydroxy-N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine, N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine and/or lysine; and D) nicotinamide riboside, quinolinate, deamino-NAD+, nicotinate D-ribonucleotide, nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide, nicotinate D-ribonucleoside, nicotinamide and/or nicotinate, wherein the molar ratio of A) to D) is between 250:1 and 1.5:1 and the molar ratio of A) to B) is between 16:1 and 1:4. The composition may be used in a method of treatment of a medical condition selected from the group consisting of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD), type 2 diabetes, obesity, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia.

Abstract: There is provided a composition for use in a therapeutic method of treatment of a subject suffering from a neurological disorder, said composition comprising: A) serine, glycine, betaine, N-acetylglycine, N-acetylserine, dimethylglycine, sarcosine and/or phosphoserine; B)N-acetyl cysteine, cysteine and/or cystine; C) carnitine, deoxycarnitine, gamma-butyrobetaine, 4-trimethylammoniobutanal, 3-hydroxy-N 6,N6,N 6-trimethyl-L-lysine, N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine and/or lysine; and D) nicotinamide.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for measuring the amount of a target protein in body fluid. The method comprises preparing a sample suspected to comprise a target protein and adding a known amount of an isotope-labelled internal standard protein consisting of a fragment of the target protein. Furthermore, the method comprises bringing the sample into contact with a solid support comprising a binding agent. The target protein and the standard protein are thereafter digested to form a digested sample which is subjected to mass spectrometry, so as to determine the amount of the target protein in the sample by comparing with the standard protein. The disclosure further relates to a kit comprising at least one binding agent, at least one isotope-labelled internal standard protein, and instructions for carrying out the method.

Abstract: There is provided a method of treating a human subject that is or has been infected with a coronavirus, comprising administration to the subject of: A) serine, glycine, betaine, N-acetylglycine, N-acetylserine, dimethylglycine, sarcosine and/or phosphoserine; B) N-acetyl cysteine, cysteine and/or cystine; C) optionally carnitine, deoxycarnitine, gamma-butyrobetaine, 4-trimethylammoniobutanal, 3-hydroxy-N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine, N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine and/or lysine; and D) nicotinamide riboside, quinolinate, deamino-NAD+, nicotinate D-ribonucleotide, nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide, nicotinate D-ribonucleoside, nicotinamide and/or nicotinate.

Abstract: There is provided a composition comprising: A) serine, glycine, betaine, N-acetylglycine, N-acetylserine, dimethylglycine, sarcosine and/or phosphoserine; B) N-acetyl cysteine, cysteine and/or cystine; C) optionally carnitine, deoxycarnitine, gamma-butyrobetaine, 4-trimethylammnoniobutanal, 3-hydroxy-N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine, N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine and/or lysine; and D) nicotinamide riboside, quinolinate, deamino-NAD+, nicotinate D-ribonucleotide, nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide, nicotinate D-ribonucleoside, nicotinamide and/or nicotinate, wherein the molar ratio of A) to D) is between 250:1 and 1.5:1 and the molar ratio of A) to B) is between 16:1 and 1:4. The composition may be used in a method of treatment of a medical condition selected from the group consisting of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD), type 2 diabetes, obesity, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia.

Abstract: There is provided a composition comprising: A) serine, glycine, betaine, N-acetylglycine, N-acetylserine, dimethylglycine, sarcosine and/or phosphoserine; B) N-acetyl cysteine, cysteine and/or cystine; C) optionally carnitine, deoxycarnitine, gamma-butyrobetaine, 4-trimethylammoniobutanal, 3-hydroxy-N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine, N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine and/or lysine; and D) nicotinamide riboside, quinolinate, deamino-NAD+, nicotinate D-ribonucleotide, nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide, nicotinate ribonucleoside, nicotinamide and/or nicotinate, wherein the molar ratio of A) to D) is between 250:1 and 1.5:1 and the molar ratio of A) to B) is between 16:1 and 1:4. The composition may be used in a method of treatment of a medical condition selected from the group consisting of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD), type 2 diabetes, obesity, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a switch molecule for activating a chimeric antigen receptor effector cell, to a polypeptide or fusion protein binding thereto, and to a chimeric antigen receptor. (i) When a switch molecule of the present invention is used, in order to improve safety of a CAR-T cell, if severe toxicity appears, a switch molecule lacking a targeting moiety can be injected to adjust activation of the CAR-T cell. (ii) When an antigen is mutated, or in order to cure various carcinomas, instead of an existing switch molecule, a switch molecule targeting a new antigen generated due to the mutation or a switch molecule targeting a different tumor associated antigen (TAA) can be injected into a patient to cure cancer more effectively.

Abstract: There is provided a composition comprising: A) serine, glycine, betaine, N-acetylglycine, N-acetylserine, dimethylglycine, sarcosine and/or phosphoserine; B) N-acetyl cysteine, cysteine and/or cystine; C) optionally carnitine, deoxycarnitine, gamma-butyrobetaine, 4-trimethylammoniobutanal, 3-hydroxy-N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine, N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine and/or lysine; and D) nicotinamide riboside, quinolinate, deamino-NAD+, nicotinate D-ribonucleotide, nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide, nicotinate ribonucleoside, nicotinamide and/or nicotinate, wherein the molar ratio of A) to D) is between 250:1 and 1.5:1 and the molar ratio of A) to B) is between 16:1 and 1:4. The composition may be used in a method of treatment of a medical condition selected from the group consisting of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD), type 2 diabetes, obesity, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia.

Abstract: The invention provides for the labeling of antibodies with a fluorescent label, using a solid support comprising an affinity for an Fc portion of an antibody. Thus, the invention provides a method for labeling an antibody or fragment thereof with a fluorescent label, comprising the steps of immobilizing an antibody on the solid support and covalently coupling a fluorescent label to the immobilized antibody, as well as a kit for performing such method.

Abstract: The present invention provides means, such as a method, for determining whether a mammalian subject having a colorectal cancer belongs to a first or a second group, wherein the prognosis of subjects of the first group is better than the prognosis of subjects of the second group. The method comprises the steps of: evaluating an amount of RBM3 protein or RBM3 mRNA molecule in at least part of a sample earlier obtained from the subject and determining a sample value corresponding to the evaluated amount; comparing said sample value with a predetermined reference value; and if said sample value is higher than said reference value, concluding that the subject belongs to the first group; and if said sample value is lower than or equal to said reference value, concluding that the subject belongs to the second group.

Abstract: The invention provides for the labeling of antibodies with a fluorescent label, using a solid support comprising an affinity for an Fc portion of an antibody. Thus, the invention provides a method for labeling an antibody or fragment thereof with a fluorescent label, comprising the steps of immobilizing an antibody on the solid support and covalently coupling a fluorescent label to the immobilized antibody, as well as a kit for performing such method.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for determining whether a mammalian subject having a colorectal cancer belongs to a first or a second group, wherein the prognosis of subjects of the first group is better than the prognosis of subjects of the second group, comprising the steps of: a) evaluating an amount of PODXL protein in at least part of a sample earlier obtained from the subject, and determining a sample value corresponding to the evaluated amount; b) comparing said sample value from step a) with a predetermined reference value; and if said sample value is higher than said reference value, c1) concluding that the subject belongs to said second group; and if said sample value is lower than or equal to said reference value, c2) concluding that the subject belongs to said first group. Related uses, means and a method of treatment are also provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of determining the absolute amount of a target polypeptide in a sample using mass spectrometry.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for determining whether a mammalian subject having a colorectal cancer belongs to a first or a second group, wherein the prognosis of subjects of the first group is better than the prognosis of subjects of the second group, comprising the steps of: a) evaluating an amount of PODXL protein in at least part of a sample earlier obtained from the subject, and determining a sample value corresponding to the evaluated amount; b) comparing said sample value from step a) with a predetermined reference value; and if said sample value is higher than said reference value, c1) concluding that the subject belongs to said second group; and if said sample value is lower than or equal to said reference value, c2) concluding that the subject belongs to said first group. Related uses, means and a method of treatment are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for determining whether a mammalian subject having a breast cancer is likely to benefit from an endocrine treatment, comprising the steps of: providing a sample earlier obtained from said subject; evaluating the amount of HMGCR protein or HMGCR mRNA present in at least part of said sample, and determining a sample value corresponding to said amount; comparing the sample value obtained in step b) with a reference value; and, if said sample value is higher than said reference value, concluding that the subject is likely to benefit from an endocrine treatment. Further, a corresponding method of treatment is provided as well as further methods uses and means which may be employed in connection with breast cancer treatment or treatment prediction.

Abstract: The present invention provides means, such as a method, for determining whether a mammalian subject having a colorectal cancer belongs to a first or a second group, wherein the prognosis of subjects of the first group is better than the prognosis of subjects of the second group. The method comprises the steps of: evaluating an amount of RBM3 protein or RBM3 mRNA molecule in at least part of a sample earlier obtained from the subject and determining a sample value corresponding to the evaluated amount; comparing said sample value with a predetermined reference value; and if said sample value is higher than said reference value, concluding that the subject belongs to the first group; and if said sample value is lower than or equal to said reference value, concluding that the subject belongs to the second group.

Abstract: There is provided a method of determining whether a subject belongs to a first or a second group of subjects, wherein the risk of having or developing of a renal impairment is higher in the first group than in the second group, comprising the steps of: a) measuring an amount of fibulin 1 in a sample from the subject to obtain a sample value; b) comparing the sample value to a reference value; and if the sample value is higher than the reference value, c1) concluding that the subject belongs to the first group; and if the sample value is lower than the reference value, c2) concluding that the subject belongs to the second group, wherein the sample is an optionally modified sample derived from urine or blood, such as an optionally diluted serum or plasma sample. Associated means are also provided.