Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for reducing redirects. In one aspect, a method includes receiving request data indicating that a user device has requested a content item. The request data specifies other data processing apparatus to which user interactions with the content item are to be reported. The content item includes a reference to a resource that is requested in response to user interaction with the content item. Response data is provided. The response data includes data that cause presentation of the content item. Interaction data is received specifying user interaction with the content item occurred. Redirect data is provided that cause the user device to be redirected to the resource. Reporting data is provided to the other data processing apparatus, specifying user interaction with the content item occurred. The reporting data is provided asynchronously relative to the redirect data.

Abstract: When a client device loads a resource, a request for a first content item for a first content item slot is transmitted to a content item selection system. The content item selection system uses a predictive model to determine a predicted content item slot based on a document object model position of the first content item slot and a URL of the resource or a publisher identifier. Parameters for the predicted content item slot are used to select a subsequent content item for the predicted content item slot. The first content item and the subsequent content item are transmitted to the client device responsive to the request. The subsequent content item includes metadata indicative of the parameters of the predicted content item slot to be matched to a subsequent content item slot of the resource.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for reducing redirects. In one aspect, a method includes receiving request data indicating that a user device has requested a content item. The request data specifies other data processing apparatus to which user interactions with the content item are to be reported. The content item includes a reference to a resource that is requested in response to user interaction with the content item. Response data is provided. The response data includes data that cause presentation of the content item. Interaction data is received specifying user interaction with the content item occurred. Redirect data is provided that cause the user device to be redirected to the resource. Reporting data is provided to the other data processing apparatus, specifying user interaction with the content item occurred. The reporting data is provided asynchronously relative to the redirect data.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for reducing redirects. In one aspect, a method includes receiving request data indicating that a user device has requested a content item. The request data specifies other data processing apparatus to which user interactions with the content item are to be reported. The content item includes a reference to a resource that is requested in response to user interaction with the content item. Response data is provided. The response data includes data that cause presentation of the content item. Interaction data is received specifying user interaction with the content item occurred. Redirect data is provided that cause the user device to be redirected to the resource. Reporting data is provided to the other data processing apparatus, specifying user interaction with the content item occurred. The reporting data is provided asynchronously relative to the redirect data.

Abstract: When a client device loads a resource, a request for a first content item for a first content item slot is transmitted to a content item selection system. The content item selection system uses a predictive model to determine a predicted content item slot based on a document object model position of the first content item slot and a URL of the resource or a publisher identifier. Parameters for the predicted content item slot are used to select a subsequent content item for the predicted content item slot. The first content item and the subsequent content item are transmitted to the client device responsive to the request. The subsequent content item includes metadata indicative of the parameters of the predicted content item slot to be matched to a subsequent content item slot of the resource.

Abstract: When a client device loads a resource, a request for a first content item for a first content item slot is transmitted to a content item selection system. The content item selection system uses a predictive model to determine a predicted content item slot based on a document object model position of the first content item slot and a URL of the resource or a publisher identifier. Parameters for the predicted content item slot are used to select a subsequent content item for the predicted content item slot. The first content item and the subsequent content item are transmitted to the client device responsive to the request. The subsequent content item includes metadata indicative of the parameters of the predicted content item slot to be matched to a subsequent content item slot of the resource.

Abstract: The method for inscribing a waveguide into a media glass substrate generally has the steps of: relatively moving a femtosecond laser beam along a surface of the media glass substrate while maintaining the focus of the laser beam at a depth of less than the surface, wherein the waveguide has a loss of less than 0.2 dB/cm when measured at a wavelength of light signal propagating in the waveguide during normal use of the waveguide. Particularly, the method can have varying writing parameters according to whether the waveguide is single-mode or multi-mode.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing interstitial content are disclosed. A notification of an opportunity for presenting interstitial content on a client device is received at a content server. The content server generates an interstitial configuration object including computer-readable instructions for presenting the interstitial content on the client device and delivers the interstitial configuration object for execution by the client device. The interstitial configuration object causes the client device to render the interstitial content as a hidden element of a first resource while the first resource is presented on the client device and to reveal the rendered interstitial content in response to a user command to navigate away from the first resource.

Abstract: The method for inscribing a waveguide into a glass substrate generally has the steps of: relatively moving a femtosecond laser beam along a surface of the glass substrate while maintaining the focus of the laser beam at a given depth from the surface, wherein the glass substrate is a toughened glass. The optical device generally has: a glass substrate of toughened glass having a waveguide inscribed therein at a given depth from a surface of the glass.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for reducing redirects. In one aspect, a method includes receiving request data indicating that a user device has requested a content item. The request data specifies other data processing apparatus to which user interactions with the content item are to be reported. The content item includes a reference to a resource that is requested in response to user interaction with the content item. Response data is provided. The response data includes data that cause presentation of the content item. Interaction data is received specifying user interaction with the content item occurred. Redirect data is provided that cause the user device to be redirected to the resource. Reporting data is provided to the other data processing apparatus, specifying user interaction with the content item occurred. The reporting data is provided asynchronously relative to the redirect data.

Abstract: A method for selecting an accounting technique for recording interactions with electronic content includes receiving a request for a content item from a user device, selecting a content item in response to the request, and configuring the content item to cause the user device to store a ping identifier in a local memory of the user device. The method further includes distributing the content item to the user device. The distributed content item includes a hyperlink having a ping attribute which causes the user device to send a ping request to one or more servers. The method further includes receiving the ping identifier from the user device, determining whether the ping request was received at the one or more servers, and selecting a ping-based accounting technique or a redirect-based accounting technique based on a result of the determination.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for reducing redirects. In one aspect, a method includes receiving request data indicating that a user device has requested a content item. The request data specifies other data processing apparatus to which user interactions with the content item are to be reported. The content item includes a reference to a resource that is requested in response to user interaction with the content item. Response data is provided. The response data includes data that cause presentation of the content item. Interaction data is received specifying user interaction with the content item occurred. Redirect data is provided that cause the user device to be redirected to the resource. Reporting data is provided to the other data processing apparatus, specifying user interaction with the content item occurred. The reporting data is provided asynchronously relative to the redirect data.

Abstract: A method for reliably using ping to account for interactions with electronic content includes receiving a request for a content item from a user device, selecting a content item in response to the request, determining whether the user device is ping enabled, and generating a hyperlink for inclusion with the selected content item. The hyperlink has a target URL and a ping attribute. At least one of the target URL and the ping attribute is based on a result of the determination whether the user device is ping enabled. The method further includes distributing the content item and the hyperlink to the user device and receiving a ping request from the user device. The ping request includes the target URL and an identifier of the distributed content item. The method further includes accounting for the interaction in response to receiving the ping request from the user device.

Abstract: A method for selecting an accounting technique for recording interactions with electronic content includes receiving a request for a content item from a user device, selecting a content item in response to the request, and configuring the content item to cause the user device to store a ping identifier in a local memory of the user device. The method further includes distributing the content item to the user device. The distributed content item includes a hyperlink having a ping attribute which causes the user device to send a ping request to one or more servers. The method further includes receiving the ping identifier from the user device, determining whether the ping request was received at the one or more servers, and selecting a ping-based accounting technique or a redirect-based accounting technique based on a result of the determination.

Abstract: A method for reliably using ping to account for interactions with electronic content includes receiving a request for a content item from a user device, selecting a content item in response to the request, determining whether the user device is ping enabled, and generating a hyperlink for inclusion with the selected content item. The hyperlink has a target URL and a ping attribute. At least one of the target URL and the ping attribute is based on a result of the determination whether the user device is ping enabled. The method further includes distributing the content item and the hyperlink to the user device and receiving a ping request from the user device. The ping request includes the target URL and an identifier of the distributed content item. The method further includes accounting for the interaction in response to receiving the ping request from the user device.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for reducing redirects. In one aspect, a method includes receiving request data indicating that a user device has requested a content item. The request data specifies other data processing apparatus to which user interactions with the content item are to be reported. The content item includes a reference to a resource that is requested in response to user interaction with the content item. Response data is provided. The response data includes data that cause presentation of the content item. Interaction data is received specifying user interaction with the content item occurred. Redirect data is provided that cause the user device to be redirected to the resource. Reporting data is provided to the other data processing apparatus, specifying user interaction with the content item occurred. The reporting data is provided asynchronously relative to the redirect data.

Abstract: There is described herein a method and system for inscribing gratings in optical waveguides. The waveguides may be hydrogen-free, germanium-free, low germanium, low hydrogen, and a combination thereof. Such gratings written in hydrogen-free fibers are suitable for sensor applications in which the use of hydrogen for photosensitizing fibers is undesirable owing to their increased sensitivity to nuclear radiation. The grating are formed by at least one pulse having a wavelength comprised between about 203 nm and about 240 nm. The laser source may be a Continuous Wave (CW) laser source or a pulsed laser source generating at least one pulse having a width in the order of nanoseconds (109).

Abstract: A data storage facility for transferring data from a data altering apparatus, such as a production data processing site to a remote data receiving site. The data storage facility includes a first data store for recording each change in the data generated by the data altering apparatus. A register set records each change on a track-by-track basis. A second data store has first and second operating modes. During a first operating mode the second data store becomes a mirror of the first data store. During a second operating mode the second data store ceases to act as a mirror and becomes a source for a transfer of data to the data receiving site. Only information that has been altered, i.e., specific tracks that have been altered, are transferred during successive operations in the second operating mode. Commands from the local production site initiate the transfers between the first and second operating modes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for data recovery in a system involving a first data store acting as a standard device and a physical moving mirror data store that operates as moving mirror with a first mode to be synchronized and in a second, isolated mode. In response to a command to establish a third or protected restore operating mode, the data to be transferred in response to that command is identified. A restoration procedure copies data from the second data store to the first store to recover any data that may have been corrupted in the second data store. An update procedure acts on the restored data concurrently with the restoration procedure.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for data recovery in a system involving a first data store acting as a standard volume and a physical moving mirror data store that operates in a first mode to be synchronized and in a second, isolated mode. A third physical mirror data store synchronizes with the second data store in its second operating mode. In response to a command to establish a third or reverse split operating mode, the data to be transferred in response to that command is identified. Copying of the identified data then commences from the third data store to the second data store to recover any data that may have been corrupted in the second data store.