Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for implementing a parametric down-conversion (PDC)-based calibration comprising calibrating a measuring instrument; disposing a pinhole at a position of a light-emitting sample for which the measuring instrument needs to be calibrated; irradiating a nonlinear crystal with a light source; setting the nonlinear crystal by ensuring a phase-matching wavelength of the nonlinear crystal is set at one boundary of a desired bandwidth; acquiring one or more PDC spectrums by the measuring instrument; obtaining peak values and their corresponding wavelengths from each acquired spectrum; and obtaining a response function based on the peak values and corresponding wavelengths.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for implementing a parametric down-conversion (PDC)-based calibration comprising calibrating a measuring instrument; disposing a pinhole at a position of a light-emitting sample for which the measuring instrument needs to be calibrated; irradiating a nonlinear crystal with a light source; setting the nonlinear crystal by ensuring a phase-matching wavelength of the nonlinear crystal is set at one boundary of a desired bandwidth; acquiring one or more PDC spectrums by the measuring instrument; obtaining peak values and their corresponding wavelengths from each acquired spectrum; and obtaining a response function based on the peak values and corresponding wavelengths.

Abstract: A modified diene elastomer comprises: at least 55% by weight of entity coupled by a functional group bearing a function of formula —SiOR, in which R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical, and optionally bearing another function capable of interacting with a reinforcing filler, from 5% by weight to 30% by weight of star-branched entity having three elastomeric branches connected to one and the same silicon atom belonging to a functional group bearing or not bearing a function capable of interacting with a reinforcing filler, less than or equal to 15% by weight of entity functionalized at the chain end by a functional group bearing a function —Si(OR)2, in which R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical, and optionally bearing another function capable of interacting with a reinforcing filler, and a content of less than or equal to 15% by weight of non-functional diene elastomer.

Abstract: A system for the continuous synthesis of a modified diene elastomer is provided. The system comprises a device for modifying a living diene elastomer resulting from an anionic polymerization step, modelled on one of the following models: 1. a tubular reactor with axial dispersion, 2. a tubular reactor with axial dispersion, in series with at least one continuous stirred reactor, presumed to be perfectly stirred, 3. at least one tubular reactor with axial dispersion, in series with a continuous stirred reactor, presumed to be perfectly stirred, 4. several tubular reactors with axial dispersion, in series with several continuous stirred reactors, presumed to be perfectly stirred, 5. at least two continuous stirred reactors, presumed to be perfectly stirred, in series.

Abstract: A continuous method for synthesizing a diene elastomer includes modifying the diene elastomer in a functionalizing device by: a kinetic model according to which the ratio of the rate constants is greater than 1, and a flow represented by a residence time distribution in the functionalizing device that is expressed according to equations 1 or 3: (i) in a functionalizing device having at least one tubular continuous reactor or having at least one cascade of at least two stirred reactors, E 1 ? ( t ) = 1 2 ? ( P ?? 1 ? t ) 1 2 ? e - P ? ( ? 1 - t ) 2 4 ? ? 1 ? t Eq ? ? 1 (ii) in a functionalizing device that is a combination of the device (i) and of a device having at least one continuous stirred reactor, having a residence time distribution characterized by the following equation: E 2 ? ( t ) = e ( - t ? 2 ) ? 2 Eq ? ? 2 the device (ii) having a residence time distribution characterized by the

Abstract: The present invention relates to a modified diene elastomer predominantly comprising a species coupled via a group bearing a function comprising a silicon atom predominantly hydrolysed into silanol and a tertiary amine function, linked to the diene elastomer via the silicon atom, and to the process for synthesizing the modified diene elastomer. This elastomer has the particular feature of not undergoing any change in Mooney viscosity during its storage.

Abstract: A continuous method for synthesizing a diene includes modifying the diene elastomer in a functionalizing device by: a kinetic model according to which the ratio of the rate constants is greater than 1, and a flow represented by a residence time distribution in the functionalizing device that is expressed according to equations 1 or 3: (i) in a functionalizing device having at least one tubular continuous reactor or having at least one cascade of at least two stirred reactors, E 1 ? ( t ) = 1 2 ? ( P ?? 1 ? t ) 1 2 ? ? - P ? ( ? 1 - t ) 2 4 ? ? 1 ? t Eq ? ? 1 (ii) in a functionalizing device that is a combination of the device (i) and of a device having at least one continuous stirred reactor, having a residence time distribution characterized by the following equation: E 2 ? ( t ) = ? ( - t ? 2 ) ? 2 Eq ? ? 2 the device (ii) having a residence time distribution characterized by the e

Abstract: A modified diene elastomer comprises: at least 55% by weight of entity coupled by a functional group bearing a function of formula —SiOR, in which R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical, and optionally bearing another function capable of interacting with a reinforcing filler, from 5% by weight to 30% by weight of star-branched entity having three elastomeric branches connected to one and the same silicon atom belonging to a functional group bearing or not bearing a function capable of interacting with a reinforcing filler, less than or equal to 15% by weight of entity functionalized at the chain end by a functional group bearing a function —Si(OR)2, in which R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical, and optionally bearing another function capable of interacting with a reinforcing filler, and a content of less than or equal to 15% by weight of non-functional diene elastomer.

Abstract: Rubber composition, which can be used for the manufacture of tires, based on at least one diene elastomer, one reinforcing filler, one vulcanization system and one maleimide compound, characterized in that the said maleimide compound is a polymaleimide of formula: in which: R1, R2, R3 and R4 are identical or different hydrocarbon radicals, n is equal to 0 or 1 with X being a nitrogen atom if n=0 and X being a carbon or silicon atom if n=1. Use of such a composition for the manufacture of a finished article or of a semi-finished product made of rubber intended for a motor vehicle ground-contact system, in particular of a tire.

Abstract: Rubber composition, which can be used for the manufacture of tyres, based on at least one diene elastomer, one reinforcing filler, one vulcanization system and one maleimide compound, characterized in that the said maleimide compound is a polymaleimide of formula: in which: R1, R2, R3 and R4 are identical or different hydrocarbon radicals, n is equal to 0 or 1 with X being a nitrogen atom if n=0 and X being a carbon or silicon atom if n=1. Use of such a composition for the manufacture of a finished article or of a semi-finished product made of rubber intended for a motor vehicle ground-contact system, in particular of a tyre.