Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for preventing or treating skeletal muscle conditions or dis- eases. The present invention also relates to compositions and methods that help to increase NAD+levels in skeletal muscle. Preferably, the present invention relates to compositions and methods that use trigonelline and minerals selected from the group consisting of: calcium, magnesium, sodium and/or potassium for preventing or treating skeletal muscle conditions or diseases. The recipient of the compositions of the invention can be, for example, an elderly individual or an individual with sarcopenia or an individual in need of the compositions and methods of the invention for recovery of skeletal muscles, for example, after exercise, muscle injury or surgery.

Abstract: Compositions consist essentially of trigonelline or consist of trigonelline. The compositions can be used in food or beverage applications, pharmaceutical formulations, or as a dietary supplement. The compositions can be administered to a mammal to promote the increase of intracellular levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (“NAD+”) in cells and tissues for improving cell and tissue survival or overall cell and tissue health. Preferably, NAD+ biosynthesis is increased in one or more cells of a mammal, for example one or more cells that are part of at least one body part selected from the group consisting of a liver, a kidney, a brain, and a skeletal muscle.

Abstract: Compositions consist essentially of trigonelline or consist of trigonelline. The compositions can be used in food or beverage applications, pharmaceutical formulations, or as a dietary supplement. The compositions can be administered to a mammal to treat or prevent a mitochondria-related disease or a condition associated with altered mitochondrial function in an individual in need thereof or at risk thereof. The mitochondria-related disease or condition is selected from the group consisting of deleterious effects of aging, stress (e.g.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for preventing or treating skeletal muscle conditions or diseases. The present invention also relates to compositions and methods that help to increase NAD+ levels in skeletal muscle. Preferably, the present invention relates to compositions and methods that use trigonelline and vitamins selected from the group consisting of: Vitamin D, Vitamin B12, B3, B6, B7, Vitamin C and/or Vitamin E for preventing or treating skeletal muscle conditions or diseases. The recipient of the compositions of the invention can be, for example, an elderly individual or an individual with sarcopenia or an individual in need of the compositions and methods of the invention for recovery of skeletal muscles, for example, after exercise, muscle injury or surgery.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for preventing or treating skeletal muscle conditions or diseases. The present invention also relates to compositions and methods that help to increase levels of NAD+ in skeletal muscle. Preferably, the present invention relates to compositions and methods that use trigonelline, high protein and/or creatine and/or tryptophan for preventing or treating skeletal muscle conditions or diseases. The recipient of the compositions or methods of the invention can be, for example, an elderly individual or an individual with sarcopenia or an individual in need of the compositions and methods of the invention for recovery of skeletal muscles, for example, after exercise, muscle injury or surgery.

Abstract: The present invention relates to predicting the risk of developing hypertriglyceridemia in a subject by quantitating the amount of enterobacteria, e.g., E. coli, in the subject's gastrointestinal system. The invention also relates to treating a subject with hypertriglyceridemia or at risk of having the condition.