Abstract: A detector system for molecular imaging of a radionuclide comprises a 3D semiconductor detector comprising a plurality of sensor stacks of sensors made of a semiconductor material having an average atomic number Z below 40. A read-out circuitry connected to the pixels is configured to output, for each interaction induced by an incident gamma ray in the detector, a signal representative of a time, a position and an energy of the interaction in the detector. The interactions in the detector belonging to a same event induced by the incident gamma ray are predicted based on the output signals and used to estimate a direction of the incident gamma ray and reconstruct an image based on the estimated directions of incident gamma rays.

Abstract: A detector system for molecular imaging of a radionuclide comprises a 3D semiconductor detector comprising a plurality of sensor stacks of sensors made of a semiconductor material having an average atomic number Z below 40. A read-out circuitry connected to the pixels is configured to output, for each interaction induced by an incident gamma ray in the detector, a signal representative of a time, a position and an energy of the interaction in the detector. The interactions in the detector belonging to a same event induced by the incident gamma ray are predicted based on the output signals and used to estimate a direction of the incident gamma ray and reconstruct an image based on the estimated directions of incident gamma rays.

Abstract: A detector system for molecular imaging of a radionuclide comprises a 3D semiconductor detector comprising a plurality of sensor stacks of sensors made of a semiconductor material having an average atomic number Z below 40. A read-out circuitry connected to the pixels is configured to output, for each interaction induced by an incident gamma ray in the detector, a signal representative of a time, a position and an energy of the interaction in the detector. The interactions in the detector belonging to a same event induced by the incident gamma ray are predicted based on the output signals and used to estimate a direction of the incident gamma ray and reconstruct an image based on the estimated directions of incident gamma rays.

Abstract: A detector system for molecular imaging of a radionuclide comprises a 3D semiconductor detector comprising a plurality of sensor stacks of sensors made of a semiconductor material having an average atomic number Z below 40. A read-out circuitry connected to the pixels is configured to output, for each interaction induced by an incident gamma ray in the detector, a signal representative of a time, a position and an energy of the interaction in the detector. The interactions in the detector belonging to a same event induced by the incident gamma ray are predicted based on the output signals and used to estimate a direction of the incident gamma ray and reconstruct an image based on the estimated directions of incident gamma rays.

Abstract: A detector system for molecular imaging of a radionuclide comprises a 3D semiconductor detector comprising a plurality of sensor stacks of sensors made of a semiconductor material having an average atomic number Z below 40. A read-out circuitry connected to the pixels is configured to output, for each interaction induced by an incident gamma ray in the detector, a signal representative of a time, a position and an energy of the interaction in the detector. The interactions in the detector belonging to a same event induced by the incident gamma ray are predicted based on the output signals and used to estimate a direction of the incident gamma ray and reconstruct an image based on the estimated directions of incident gamma rays.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for downsampling detector data in a computed tomography imaging system. In an example, a method for a photon counting computed tomography (PCCT) system includes, during a scan of an imaging subject, obtaining detector data from a photon counting detector of the PCCT system, the detector data comprising, for each pixel or detector element of the photon counting detector, photon counts partitioned into a plurality of energy bins based on an energy imparted by each photon on the photon counting detector, applying a bin factor to the plurality of energy bins for each pixel to downsample the plurality of energy bins into a reduced number of energy bins, and reconstructing one or more images from the reduced number of energy bins.

Abstract: There is provided a method and system for determining one or more confidence indications for machine learning image reconstruction in Computed Tomography, CT. The method comprises acquiring (S1) energy-resolved x-ray data, and processing (S2) the energy-resolved x-ray data based on at least one machine learning system to generate a representation of a posterior probability distribution of at least one reconstructed basis image or image feature thereof. The method further comprises generating (S3) one or more confidence indications for: the at least one reconstructed basis image, or at least one derivative image originating from the at least one reconstructed basis image, or image feature of the at least one reconstructed basis image or the at least one derivative image, based on the representation of a posterior probability distribution.

Abstract: An aspect of the invention relates to a razor cartridge comprising a housing, a bottom cover comprising multiple steps and multiple razor blade assemblies. Each razor blade assembly is arranged on a respective step of the multiple steps and comprises a blade support and a razor blade attached to the blade support. The blade support comprises a first main surface and an opposite second main surface and at least one upwardly protruding member and at least one downwardly protruding member. The at least one upwardly protruding member of at least one razor blade assembly is configured to engage a second main surface of a blade support of an adjacent razor blade assembly. The at least one downwardly protruding member of at least one razor blade assembly is configured to engage a first main surface of a blade support of an adjacent razor blade assembly.

Abstract: Disclosed is an X-ray sensor having an active detector region including detector diodes on its surface. The X-ray sensor further includes a junction termination surrounding the surface region including the detector diodes. The junction termination includes a guard arranged closest to the end of the surface region, a field stop outside the guard and at least two field limiting rings, FLRs arranged between the guard and the field stop. A first FLR is arranged at a distance ?1 from the guard selected from the interval [4 ?m; 12 ?m], a second FLR is arranged at a distance ?2 from the first FLR selected from the interval [6.5 ?m; 14 ?m], and wherein the distance ?2 is larger than the distance ?1. The proposed technology also provides a method for constructing such an X-ray sensor and an X-ray imaging system including an X-ray detector system that includes such X-ray sensor.

Abstract: An X-ray source (100) comprise a microparticle source (200) configured to generate a particle stream (20) of spatially separated and moving, solid and/or liquid microparticles. The X-ray source (100) also comprises an electron source (300) configured to generate an electron beam (30) of electrons incident onto the particle stream (20) at an interaction region (1) to excite solid and/or liquid microparticles in the interaction region (1) to generate X-rays (10).

Abstract: A method for re-coating a razor blade (30) of a razor cartridge (10) comprises removing the razor blade (30) attached to a blade support (40) from a housing (20) of the razor cartridge (10). The method also comprises inducing a relative movement between a PTFE material and an edge (32) of the razor blade (30) attached to the blade support (40) to deposit PTFE onto at least a portion of a surface of the edge (32) of the razor blade (30) to form a re-coated razor blade (30) attached to the blade support (40). The method further comprises arranging the re-coated razor blade (30) attached to the blade support (40) into a housing (20) of a razor cartridge (10). A device (100, 200) for re-coating a razor blade (30) is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for refurbishment of razor cartridges (10) comprises determining an identity of a consumer based on a consumer identifier associated with a razor cartridge (10) comprising at least one razor blade (20, 22, 24) and received from the consumer. The at least one razor blade is cleaned and at least a portion of the at least one razor blade is re-coated. A quality of the razor cartridge (10) following cleaning and re-coating is verified prior to packaging the razor cartridge (10) for delivery to the consumer. The delivery address for the packaged razor cartridge (10) is determined based on the identity of the consumer as determined based on the consumer identifier associated with the razor cartridge (10).

Abstract: An X-ray source (100) comprise a microparticle source (200) configured to generate a particle stream (20) of spatially separated and moving, solid and/or liquid microparticles. The X-ray source (100) also comprises an electron source (300) configured to generate an electron beam (30) of electrons incident onto the particle stream (20) at an interaction region (1) to excite solid and/or liquid microparticles in the interaction region (1) to generate X-rays (10).

Abstract: Disclosed is an X-ray sensor having an active detector region including detector diodes on its surface. The X-ray sensor further includes a junction termination surrounding the surface region including the detector diodes. The junction termination includes a guard arranged closest to the end of the surface region, a field stop outside the guard and at least two field limiting rings, FLRs arranged between the guard and the field stop. A first FLR is arranged at a distance ?1 from the guard selected from the interval [4 ?m; 12 ?m], a second FLR is arranged at a distance ?2 from the first FLR selected from the interval [6.5 ?m; 14 ?m], and wherein the distance ?2 is larger than the distance ?1. The proposed technology also provides a method for constructing such an X-ray sensor and an X-ray imaging system including an X-ray detector system that includes such X-ray sensor.

Abstract: There is provided an x-ray detector system including a photon-counting x-ray detector for detecting x-ray radiation from an x-ray source, and a coincidence detection system configured to determine and/or obtain information about the radiation incident on the x-ray detector based on information about the time of photon interactions in the x-ray detector and information about the location of the x-ray source in relation to the x-ray detector. There is also provide an x-ray imaging system including such an x-ray detector system, as well as a corresponding coincidence detection system and a corresponding method.

Abstract: There is provided an x-ray detector system including a photon-counting x-ray detector for detecting x-ray radiation from an x-ray source, and a coincidence detection system configured to determine and/or obtain information about the radiation incident on the x-ray detector based on information about the time of photon interactions in the x-ray detector and information about the location of the x-ray source in relation to the x-ray detector. There is also provide an x-ray imaging system including such an x-ray detector system, as well as a corresponding coincidence detection system and a corresponding method.

Abstract: An x-ray imaging system includes an x-ray source and detector. The detector is a photon counting x-ray detector, enabling detection of photon-counting events. The system acquires at least one phase contrast image based on photon-counting events. The detector includes x-ray detector sub-modules, also referred to as wafers, each including detector elements. The sub-modules are oriented in edge-on geometry with their edge directed towards the x-ray source, assuming the x-rays enter through the edge. Each sub-module or wafer has a thickness with two opposite sides of different potentials to enable charge drift towards the side, where the detector elements/pixels, are arranged. The system estimates charge diffusion from a Compton interaction or an interaction through photoeffect related to an incident x-ray photon in a sub-module or wafer of the x-ray detector, and estimates a point of interaction of the x-ray photon sub-module based on the determined estimate of charge diffusion.

Abstract: An x-ray imaging apparatus includes an x-ray source and detector with multiple detector elements. The source and detector are on a support that rotates around a subject, enabling projections at different view angles. The apparatus operates the x-ray source in switched kVp mode for alternately applying different voltages, including lower and higher voltages, during rotation to enable lower-energy and higher-energy exposures over the projections, providing for lower-energy projections and higher-energy projections. The x-ray detector is a photon-counting multi-bin detector allocating photon counts to multiple energy bins, and the apparatus selects counts from at least a subset of the bins to provide corresponding photon count information for both lower- and higher-energy projections.

Abstract: The disclosed method enables estimating an initial point of interaction of an x-ray photon in a photon-counting x-ray detector, based on a number of x-ray detector sub-modules or wafers, each including detector elements. The x-ray detector sub-modules are oriented in edge-on geometry with the edge directed towards the x-ray source, assuming the x-rays enter through the edge. Each detector sub-module or wafer has a thickness with two opposite sides of different potentials to enable charge drift towards the side, where the detector elements, also referred to as pixels, are arranged. Basically, the method includes: determining an estimate of charge diffusion originating from a Compton interaction or an interaction through photoeffect related to the x-ray photon in a detector sub-module or wafer of the x-ray detector; and estimating the initial point of interaction along the thickness of the detector sub-module based on the determined estimate of charge diffusion.

Abstract: An edge-on photon-counting detector includes at least one detector module having a respective edge facing incident X-rays. The at least one detector module includes a semiconductor substrate. The edge-on photon-counting detector also includes a plurality of active integrated pixels arranged in the semiconductor substrate.