Abstract: A method for determining whether an electric insulation of a conductor is sufficient, comprising switching on or off a resistive load between the conductor and ground, measuring a first voltage value u, of a resulting voltage Um between the conductor and ground at a first point in time t, after switching on or off the load, determining if the first voltage value u, fulfils a first condition, and/or determining an initial rate of change of the resulting voltage Um between the conductor and ground based on the first voltage value ui, and determining if the initial rate of change fulfils a second condition, determining that the electric insulation is sufficient when at least one of the first and second conditions is fulfilled.

Abstract: A power system (100, 200) for a vehicle, the power system comprising: a hazardous voltage interlock loop (HVIL) circuit (106) configured to disconnect a high-voltage energy source (102) from a high-voltage system (104); a low-voltage energy source (108) coupled to the HVIL-circuit for supplying operational power to the HVIL-circuit; and a circuit breaker (110) operable to break a connection between the low-voltage energy source and the HVIL circuit, wherein the HVIL-circuit is configured to disconnect the high-voltage energy source from the high-voltage system if the low-voltage energy source is disconnected from the HVIL-circuit.

Abstract: A measurement system for determining safe operating conditions of a high-voltage power system of a vehicle, the measurement system comprising: a first voltage measurement unit arranged to measure a first voltage between a positive pole and a negative pole of the power system; a second voltage measurement unit arranged to measure a second voltage between the positive pole and ground of the power system; a third voltage measurement unit arranged to measure a third voltage between a negative pole and ground of the power system; and a measurement system control unit connected to the first, second and third voltage measurement units and configured to compare each of the first, second and third voltage with a corresponding first, second and third voltage threshold value, and if any of the first second or third voltages exceed the corresponding threshold value, provide an indication that a threshold voltage is exceeded.

Abstract: A measurement system for determining a status of a high-voltage power system in a vehicle, the measurement system comprising: a first voltage measurement unit and a second voltage measurement unit, each of the first and second voltage measurement units being connected between a positive pole and a negative pole of the power system; a measurement system control unit connected to the first and second voltage measurement unit and configured to: control the first and second voltage measurement unit to simultaneously measure a voltage to determine a respective first and second pole-to-pole voltage; compare the first pole-to-pole voltage with the second pole-to-pole voltage, and if a voltage difference is higher than a voltage threshold value, provide an indication that the voltage measurement is not reliable.

Abstract: A safety circuit (100) for a power system (102) of a vehicle (300), the safety circuit comprising: a hazardous voltage interlock loop (HVIL) circuit (104) configured to disconnect a high-voltage energy source (106) from a high-voltage system (108), the HVIL-circuit comprising a contactor (110) and a HVIL control unit (111); a current meter (112) arranged to measure a current; a fuse (114); a switching circuit (116) controlling the contactor of the HVIL-circuit; and a safety circuit control unit (118) connected to the current meter and to the switching circuit for controlling the contactor, wherein the safety circuit control unit is configured to: if the HVIL control unit provides a control signal to the switching circuit to open the contactor, and if the current measurement exceeds a first threshold current value, control the switching circuit to delay the opening of the contactor by a controllable time period.

Abstract: A power system (100, 200) for a vehicle, the power system comprising: a hazardous voltage interlock loop (HVIL) circuit (106) configured to disconnect a high-voltage energy source (102) from a high-voltage system (104); a low-voltage energy source (108) coupled to the HVIL-circuit for supplying operational power to the HVIL-circuit; and a circuit breaker (110) operable to break a connection between the low-voltage energy source and the HVIL circuit, wherein the HVIL-circuit is configured to disconnect the high-voltage energy source from the high-voltage system if the low-voltage energy source is disconnected from the HVIL-circuit.

Abstract: An electric insulation monitoring arrangement (10) for monitoring electric insulation in an electric system (2), in particular of a vehicle, comprising a first conductor (11) and a second conductor (12), the electric insulation monitoring arrangement comprising: an insulation monitoring device (15) comprising a primary measuring unit (13) configured to monitor a first voltage (V1) between the first conductor and ground, and a second voltage (V2) between the second conductor and ground, the insulation monitoring device being configured to determine an electric insulation of the electric system based on measurement data from the primary measuring unit, at least one secondary measuring unit (14) configured to monitor the first voltage and the second voltage with respect to ground, wherein the at least one secondary measuring unit is provided separately from the insulation monitoring device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for production of hydrogen peroxide according to the anthraquinone process including alternate hydrogenation and oxidation of one or more quinones selected from anthraquinones and/or tetrahydro anthraquinones in a working solution comprising at least one quinone solvent and at least one hydroquinone solvent, wherein said at least one quinone solvent comprises isodurene in an amount from 15 to 100 wt %. The invention also relates to a composition useful as a working solution at production of hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: The invention concerns a catalyst carrier comprising a fibre paper impregnated with a slurry comprising silica sol, micro fibres and a filler, wherein said micro fibres have an equivalent average particle size, measured with sedigraph method, from about 200 nm to about 30000 nm and said filler has an average equivalent particle size, measured with sedigraph method, from about 300 to about 10000 nm. The invention further concerns a method of its preparation, a slurry useful therefore, a catalyst comprising such a catalyst carrier and use of the catalyst.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for production of hydrogen peroxide according to the anthraquinone process comprising the steps of alternate hydrogenation and oxidation of anthraquinones and tetrahydro anthraquinones in a working solution comprising a mixture of alkyl-substituted anthraquinones and alkyl-substituted tetrahydro anthraquinones dissolved in at least one organic solvent, wherein from 10 to 55 mole % of the anthraquinones and the tetrahydro anthraquinones are substituted with one amyl group, and the molar ratio of alkyl-substituted tetrahydro anthraquinones to alkyl-substituted anthraquinones is at least 1:1. The invention also concerns a composition useful as a working solution in said process.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process of continuously producing hydrogen peroxide by direct reaction between hydrogen and oxygen in a gaseous reaction mixture in contact with a catalyst maintained in a reactor, wherein a gaseous reaction mixture containing hydrogen and oxygen is supplied to the reactor through an inlet and hydrogen peroxide enriched gas is withdrawn from the reactor through an outlet. According to the invention the temperature difference in the gaseous reaction mixture in contact with the catalyst between a position just after the inlet to the reactor and a position at the outlet of the reactor is maintained below about 40° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for continuously producing hydrogen peroxide comprising the steps of feeding hydrogen and oxygen containing gas to a reactor provided with a catalyst; contacting the hydrogen and oxygen gas with the catalyst and thereby forming hydrogen peroxide, and; withdrawing hydrogen peroxide containing gas from the reactor; wherein the catalyst comprises a solid catalytically active material at least partially covered with a layer of a stationary phase different from the catalytically active material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of producing a catalyst comprising a porous support and a catalytically active metal deposited thereon comprising the steps of treating the porous support with a solution of a salt of the catalytically active metal and a reducing agent to achieve electroless deposition of the catalytically active metal on the support. The invention also relates to a catalyst obtainable by the method and a process of producing hydrogen peroxide.