Abstract: Methods and apparatus for implementing a playback system capable of operating as a virtual or augmented reality device are described. In various embodiment one or more environmental triggers are detected and an action is taken based on the detected trigger, user input and/or other environmental conditions. The methods allow a user who is subject to an immersive experience to smoothly transition in/or out of the virtual environment and respond to environmental triggers which may require a user to take an action.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for determining if a urine sample comprises synthetic urine, methods for matching a urine sample to a subject, and methods for amplifying DNA. Also provided are kits that include a set of at least 3 pairs of a pre-amplification forward and reverse primer, where each pair of pre-amplification forward and reverse primers is designed to amplify 250 to 300 nucleotides of genomic DNA that contains one of at least 3 SNPs, where the pre-amplification forward and reverse primers in each of the three or more pairs of pre-amplification primers contains (i) a sequence of about 17 to about 25 contiguous nucleotides that is complementary to a sequence in the genomic DNA and (i) a tag sequence of about 17 to about 25 contiguous nucleotides that is not complementary to a sequence in the genomic DNA.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of matching a urine sample to a subject that include enriching a urine sample for mammalian cells, isolating any genomic DNA from the enriched sample to form an isolated genomic DNA sample, contacting a set of two or more oligonucleotide probes to the genomic DNA in the isolated genomic DNA test sample, where each of the two or more oligonucleotide probes hybridizes to a sequence of genomic DNA that is one nucleotide upstream of a different target single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), elongating the two or more oligonucleotide probes to generate a set of two or more SNP amplification products; determining the mass distribution of the set of two or more SNP amplification products; and comparing the determined mass distribution of the set of SNP products to a control mass distribution.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for determining if a urine sample comprises synthetic urine, methods for matching a urine sample to a subject, and methods for amplifying DNA. Also provided are kits that include a set of at least 3 pairs of a pre-amplification forward and reverse primer, where each pair of pre-amplification forward and reverse primers is designed to amplify 250 to 300 nucleotides of genomic DNA that contains one of at least 3 SNPs, where the pre-amplification forward and reverse primers in each of the three or more pairs of pre-amplification primers contains (i) a sequence of about 17 to about 25 contiguous nucleotides that is complementary to a sequence in the genomic DNA and (i) a tag sequence of about 17 to about 25 contiguous nucleotides that is not complementary to a sequence in the genomic DNA.