Abstract: A non-intrusive inspection system, including apparatuses and methods, for non-intrusively inspecting containers such as, without limitation, those employed to transport items in international commerce. The non-intrusive inspection system is configured to generate and scan a container with multiple bremsstrahlung, or x-ray, beams having multiple spectra and directed at the container in multiple directions and planes separated by one or more angle(s). Using data collected from such scanning, software of the non-intrusive inspection system generates three-dimensional images of the items present in a container, calculates the volumes and densities of such items, computes effective “Z” numbers, and distinguishes between multiple materials, or elements, of such items.

Abstract: A cryptographic container security system for enabling the secure transportation of a container from a sender site to a receiver site. The system includes, in the exemplary embodiment, apparatuses and methods for generating pre-transportation and post-transportation fingerprints of a container being transported, for encrypting and decrypting the pre-transportation fingerprint, and for comparing pre-transportation and post-transportation fingerprints, and for comparing the decrypted pre-transportation fingerprint and the pre-transportation fingerprint. The pre-transportation and post-transportation fingerprints are generated from fingerprint data, including, without limitation, the aggregate gamma flux and aggregate effective Z-number determined for the container by multi-energy scanning systems located, respectively, at sender and receiver sites.

Abstract: A non-intrusive inspection system, including apparatuses and methods, for non-intrusively inspecting containers such as, without limitation, those employed to transport items in international commerce. The non-intrusive inspection system is configured to generate and scan a container with multiple bremsstrahlung, or x-ray, beams having multiple spectra and directed at the container in multiple directions and planes separated by one or more angle(s). Using data collected from such scanning, software of the non-intrusive inspection system generates three-dimensional images of the items present in a container, calculates the volumes and densities of such items, computes effective “Z” numbers, and distinguishes between multiple materials, or elements, of such items.