Abstract: A domain name is received from a customer. DNS is queried for multiple possible subdomains of the domain. For each subdomain that resolves, information about that subdomain's corresponding resource record is stored in a zone file that also includes a resource record for the domain name. The zone file is presented to the customer. A designation from the customer of which of the resource records are to point to an IP address of a proxy server is received. The resource records are modified according to the input of the customer and the zone file is propagated including the modified resource records.

Abstract: A proxy server in a cloud-based proxy service receives a secure session request from a client device for a secure session. The secure session request is received at the proxy server as a result of a Domain Name System (DNS) request for a domain resolving to the proxy server. The proxy server participates in a secure session negotiation with the client device including transmitting a digital certificate to the client device that is bound to domain and multiple other domains. The proxy server receives an encrypted request from the client device for an action to be performed on a resource that is hosted at an origin server corresponding to the domain. The proxy server decrypts the request and participates in a secure session negotiation with the origin server including receiving a digital certificate from the origin server. The proxy server encrypts the decrypted request using the digital certificate from the origin server and transmits the encrypted request to the origin server.

Abstract: A proxy server for limiting Internet connection speed of visitors that pose a threat. The proxy server receives from a client device a request to perform an action on an identified resource that is hosted at an origin server for a domain. The proxy server receives the request as a result of a DNS request for the domain resolving to the proxy server. The origin server is one of multiple origin servers that belong to different domains that resolve to the proxy server and are owned by different entities. The proxy server analyzes the request to determine whether a visitor belonging to the request poses a threat. If the proxy server determines that the visitor poses a threat, the proxy server reduces the speed at which the proxy server processes the request while keeping a connection to the client device open.

Abstract: A server establishes a secure session with a client device where a private key used in the handshake when establishing the secure session is stored in a different server. During the handshake procedure, the server receives a premaster secret that has been encrypted using a public key bound with a domain for which the client device is attempting to establish a secure session with. The server transmits the encrypted premaster secret to the different server for decryption along with other information necessary to compute a master secret. The different server decrypts the encrypted premaster secret, generates the master secret, and transmits the master secret to the server. The server receives the master secret and continues with the handshake procedure including generating one or more session keys that are used in the secure session for encrypting and decrypting communication between the client device and the server.

Abstract: A server establishes a secure session with a client device where a private key used in the handshake when establishing the secure session is stored in a different server. During the handshake procedure, the server proxies messages to/from the different server including a set of signed cryptographic parameters signed using the private key on the different server. The different server generates the master secret, and generates and transmits the session keys to the server that are to be used in the secure session for encrypting and decrypting communication between the client device and the server.

Abstract: A proxy server receives from a client device a request for a network resource that is hosted at an origin server for a domain. The request is received at the proxy server as a result of a DNS request for the domain resolving to the proxy server. The origin server is one of multiple origin servers that belong to different domains that resolve to the proxy server and are owned by different entities. The proxy server retrieves the requested network resource. The proxy server determines that the requested resource is an HTML page. The proxy server scans the HTML page to locate one or more modification tokens that each indicates content that is subject to being modified. For at least one of the located modification tokens, the proxy server automatically modifies at least a portion of the content of the HTML page that corresponds to that modification token. The proxy server then transmits the modified HTML page to the client device.

Abstract: A proxy server receives from a client device a request for a network resource that is hosted at an origin server for a domain. The request is received at the proxy server as a result of a DNS request for the domain resolving to the proxy server. The origin server is one of multiple origin servers that belong to different domains that resolve to the proxy server and are owned by different entities. The proxy server retrieves the requested network resource. The proxy server determines that the requested resource is an HTML page, automatically modifies the HTML page, and transmits the modified HTML page to the client device.

Abstract: A proxy server for limiting Internet connection speed of visitors that pose a threat. The proxy server receives from a client device a request to perform an action on an identified resource that is hosted at an origin server for a domain. The proxy server receives the request as a result of a DNS request for the domain resolving to the proxy server. The origin server is one of multiple origin servers that belong to different domains that resolve to the proxy server and are owned by different entities. The proxy server analyzes the request to determine whether a visitor belonging to the request poses a threat. If the proxy server determines that the visitor poses a threat, the proxy server reduces the speed at which the proxy server processes the request while keeping a connection to the client device open.

Abstract: A proxy server receives from a client device a request to perform an action on an identified resource that is hosted at an origin server for a domain. The proxy server receives the request as a result of a DNS request for the domain resolving to the proxy server. The origin server is one of multiple origin servers that belong to different domains that resolve to the proxy server and are owned by different entities. The proxy server and the origin servers are owned by different entities. The proxy server analyzes the request to determine whether a visitor belonging to that request poses a threat. If the proxy server determines that the visitor poses a threat, the proxy server blocks the request and transmits a block page to the client device that indicates that the request has been blocked.

Abstract: A proxy server in a cloud-based proxy service receives a message that indicates that a domain, whose traffic passes through the proxy server, may be under a denial-of-service (DoS) attack. The proxy server enables a rule for the domain that specifies that future requests for resources at that domain are subject to at least initially passing a set of one or more challenges. In response to receiving a request for a resource of that domain from a visitor, the proxy server presents the set of challenges that, if not passed, are an indication that that the visitor is part of the DoS attack. If the set of challenges are passed, the request may be processed. If the set of challenges are not passed, the request may be dropped.

Abstract: A proxy server automatically includes web applications in web pages at the network level. The proxy server receives, from a client device, a request for a network resource at a domain and is hosted at an origin server. The proxy server retrieves the requested network resource. The retrieved network resource does not include the web applications. The proxy server determines that the web applications are to be installed within the network resource. The proxy server automatically modifies the retrieved network resource to include the web applications. The proxy server transmits a response to the client device that includes the modified network resource. The network resource may remain unchanged at the origin server.

Abstract: A server establishes a secure session with a client device where a private key used in the handshake when establishing the secure session is stored in a different server. During the handshake procedure, the server receives a premaster secret that has been encrypted using a public key bound with a domain for which the client device is attempting to establish a secure session with. The server transmits the encrypted premaster secret to another server for decryption. The server receives the decrypted premaster secret and continues with the handshake procedure including generating a master secret from the decrypted premaster secret and generating one or more session keys that are used in the secure session for encrypting and decrypting communication between the client device and the server.

Abstract: A proxy server in a cloud-based proxy service receives a message that indicates that a domain, whose traffic passes through the proxy server, may be under a denial-of-service (DoS) attack. The proxy server enables a rule for the domain that specifies that future requests for resources at that domain are subject to at least initially passing a set of one or more challenges. In response to receiving a request for a resource of that domain from a visitor, the proxy server presents the set of challenges that, if not passed, are an indication that that the visitor is part of the DoS attack. If the set of challenges are passed, the request may be processed. If the set of challenges are not passed, the request may be dropped.

Abstract: A proxy server automatically includes web applications in web pages at the network level. The proxy server receives, from a client device, a request for a network resource at a domain and is hosted at an origin server. The proxy server retrieves the requested network resource. The retrieved network resource does not include the web applications. The proxy server determines that the web applications are to be installed within the network resource. The proxy server automatically modifies the retrieved network resource to include the web applications. The proxy server transmits a response to the client device that includes the modified network resource. The network resource may remain unchanged at the origin server.

Abstract: A validating server receives from a client device a first request that does not include a cookie for a validating domain that resolves to the validating sever. The first request is received at the validating server as a result of a proxy server redirecting the client device to the validating domain upon a determination that a visitor belonging to the client device is a potential threat based on an IP (Internet Protocol) address assigned to the client device used for a second request to perform an action on an identified resource hosted on an origin server for an origin domain. The validating server sets a cookie for the client device, determines a set of characteristics associated with the first client device, and transmits the cookie and a block page to the client device that has been customized based on the set of characteristics, the block page indicating that the second request has been blocked.

Abstract: A server establishes a secure session with a client device where a private key used in the handshake when establishing the secure session is stored in a different server. During the handshake procedure, the server receives a premaster secret that has been encrypted using a public key bound with a domain for which the client device is attempting to establish a secure session with. The server transmits the encrypted premaster secret to another server for decryption. The server receives the decrypted premaster secret and continues with the handshake procedure including generating a master secret from the decrypted premaster secret and generating one or more session keys that are used in the secure session for encrypting and decrypting communication between the client device and the server.

Abstract: An Internet-based proxy service server accesses a set of visitor characteristics for multiple visitors to a set of one or more domains operated by a customer. The set of visitor characteristics are reported from a set of one or more proxy servers that are situated between client devices and a set of one or more origin servers for the set of domains. The service server causes the set of visitor characteristics to be displayed through a threat reporting interface that allows the customer to report visitors as posing an Internet security threat. The service server receives input from the customer through the threat reporting interface that at least one of the visitors poses an Internet security threat, and records that visitor as an Internet security threat in one or more threat databases that are used by the proxy servers when determining whether to allow visitors to access network resources hosted at a set of one or more origin servers.

Abstract: Message(s) are received from each one of multiple proxy servers, which are anycasted to the same IP address, that indicate source IP addresses of packets that are received that are directed to that same IP address. These proxy servers receive the packets as result of domain(s) resolving to that same IP address, and a particular one of the proxy servers receives the packets as a result of an anycast protocol implementation selecting that proxy server. Based on these message(s) from each of the proxy servers, a determination of the likelihood of a packet having a particular source IP address being legitimately received at each of the proxy servers is determined. A message is transmitted to each of the proxy servers that indicates which source IP addresses of packets are not likely to be legitimately received at that proxy server.

Abstract: A first packet of a first protocol version type that includes an incoming request for an action to be performed on an identified resource is received from a client at a proxy server as a result of a DNS request resolving to a network address of the proxy server. The proxy server transmits an outgoing request for the action to be performed on the identified resource to a network address of the destination origin server in a second packet that is of the second protocol version type. The proxy server receives a third packet that includes an incoming response from the destination origin server, the third packet being of the second protocol version type. The proxy server transmits a fourth packet to the client, the fourth packet being of the first protocol version type, wherein the fourth packet includes an outgoing response that is based on the incoming response.

Abstract: A cloud-based proxy service identifies a denial-of-service (DoS) attack including determining that there is a potential DoS attack being directed to an IP address of the cloud-based proxy service; and responsive to determining that there are a plurality of domains that resolve to that IP address, identifying the one of the plurality of domains that is the target of the DoS attack. The domain that is under attack is identified by scattering the plurality of domains to resolve to different IP addresses, where a result of the scattering is that each of those domains resolves to a different IP address, and identifying one of those plurality of domains as the target of the DoS attack by determining that there is an abnormally high amount of traffic being directed to the IP address in which that domain resolves.