Abstract: An optically-monitored and/or optically-controlled electronic device is described. The device includes at least one of a semiconductor transistor or a semiconductor diode. An optical detector is configured to detect light emitted by the at least one of the semiconductor transistor or the semiconductor diode during operation. A signal processor is configured to communicate with the optical detector to receive information regarding the light detected. The signal processor is further configured to provide information concerning at least one of an electrical current flowing in, a temperature of, or a condition of the at least one of the semiconductor transistor or the semiconductor diode during operation.

Abstract: A scalable healthcare claim resolution and workflow management system is provided which resolves healthcare claim discrepancies and disputes among multiple healthcare payers and providers. The system can also be used to communicate and track claims within a single organization. The claim resolution system facilitates communication between parties while maintaining an inventory and tracking claim disputes within the system. The system standardizes the inefficient and disparate systems found in the art.