Abstract: A system and method to decode data is disclosed. A process to decode data rendered as localized position features is applied. The process to decode includes stages. A feature location parameter is adjusted. A stage of the process is reapplied.

Abstract: Examples of methods for fiducial location are described herein. In some examples, a method may include estimating a first location of an unidentified fiducial based on image coordinates and grid coordinates of a set of contiguous fiducials. In some examples, the method may include determining that a candidate fiducial is a fiducial based on comparing the first location with a second location of the candidate fiducial.

Abstract: Examples of methods for fiducial pattern detection are described herein. In some examples, a method may include detecting fiducial pattern subsets in image subsets of an image of an object. In some examples, the method may also include selecting a first image subset that includes a largest first fiducial pattern subset. In some examples, the method may further include extending the first fiducial pattern subset from the first image subset to a neighboring second image subset.

Abstract: An example non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions to generate a linear pattern of contrasting elements. The linear pattern encodes scannable information. The instructions are further to generate shifted instances of the linear pattern, a shifted instance being shifted with respect to the linear pattern along a length of the linear pattern. The instructions are further to form an array of the shifted instances of the linear pattern orthogonal to the length of the linear pattern to generate a two-dimensional pattern of the contrasting elements. The two-dimensional pattern repeatedly encodes the scannable information.

Abstract: In some examples, a method for recovering an alignment grid comprising multiple fiducial dots, the alignment grid for resolving multiple data dots, comprises determining a respective local structure within a local region around each fiducial dot and each data dot, and generating a connected subset of local structures to form a candidate alignment grid.

Abstract: Examples of methods for three-dimensional object marking are described herein. In some examples, a method may include determining a set of volumes based on a one-dimensional (1D) barcode. In some examples, the method may include overlapping the set of volumes with a voxel representation of a three-dimensional (3D) object. In some examples, the method may include marking voxels of the 3D object that are within the set of volumes.

Abstract: In an example method, a first dot pattern of shadow dots and second dot pattern of highlight dots is generated. The first dot pattern and second dot pattern include information to be encoded across the image. The first dot pattern and the second dot pattern are mapped to a corresponding subset of the greyscale source pixels, the greyscale source pixels corresponding to an image to be printed. A value of a greyscale pixel in the subset of the greyscale source pixels is modified based on a predetermined threshold pixel value. The value of the greyscale pixel is set to a highlight dot value in response to detecting that the predetermined threshold pixel value is exceeded or set to a shadow dot value in response to detecting that the predetermined threshold value is not exceeded. The image including the subset of pixels with modified values is printed.

Abstract: In an example method, a visually significant marking scheme is generated including a pattern of data marks and reference marks based on a received image to be printed, data information, and reference information. Data marks are generated based on the data information and the reference marks are generated based on the reference information. The image is printed including the data marks and the reference marks arranged based on the visually significant marking scheme onto the surface of the object.

Abstract: In an example method, a first dot pattern of shadow dots and second dot pattern of highlight dots is generated. The first dot pattern and second dot pattern include information to be encoded across the image. The first dot pattern and the second dot pattern are mapped to a corresponding subset of the greyscale source pixels, the greyscale source pixels corresponding to an image to be printed. A value of a greyscale pixel in the subset of the greyscale source pixels is modified based on a predetermined threshold pixel value. The value of the greyscale pixel is set to a highlight dot value in response to detecting that the predetermined threshold pixel value is exceeded or set to a shadow dot value in response to detecting that the predetermined threshold value is not exceeded. The image including the subset of pixels with modified values is printed.

Abstract: A data-bearing medium is disclosed. The data-bearing medium includes a section of cells having a set of opposite-shifted clusters. The cells include a combination of opposite shifts of the set of opposite-shifted clusters, which represent a single value.

Abstract: An example system in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure includes a halftone engine and a gray value engine. The halftone engine is to apply halftoning to an image recursively across a plurality of levels of image scales and spatial resolutions, to generate a pattern that is at least quasi-periodic across the plurality of levels. The gray value engine is to substitute gray values recursively for at least a portion of the halftoning.

Abstract: In an example method, a set of source pixels corresponding to an image to be printed and a dot pattern of pixels including information to be encoded across the image are received. The dot pattern of pixels is mapped to a corresponding subset of the source pixels. A value of a clipping channel color in the subset of the source pixels is modified based on an original value of the clipping channel color for each pixel in the subset. The clipping channel color is used to detect the dot pattern of pixels. The image including the subset of pixels with modified clipping channel colors is printed.

Abstract: In one example in accordance with the present disclosure, a method is described. According to the method, a computing device acquires data related to a variable data component. The computing device then authenticates at least one of the computing device and the proper user of the computing device. Upon authentication of the computing device and/or proper user of the computing device, a downstream workflow is authorized. The downstream workflow is defined by the data associated with the variable data component and enabled via the authentication of the computing device and/or proper user of the computing device.

Abstract: An omnidirectional barcode may include a graphical representation of a one-dimensional barcode wherein the graphical representation of the one-dimensional barcode is extended circumferentially around a three-dimensional (3D) object. A method of forming an omnidirectional barcode may include creating a graphical representation of a one-dimensional barcode and extending the one-dimensional representation in at least one dimension.

Abstract: In example implementations, an apparatus is provided. The apparatus comprises a processor and a non-transitory computer readable storage medium encoded with instructions executable by a processor, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium includes instructions to receive a plurality of data having N bits, wherein each of the N bits is binary, select a set of code words for each one of the plurality of data, wherein the code words have M bits, wherein each of the M bits is binary having an approximately equal number of ones and zeros, wherein a value of M is greater than N, and print a reflection and inversion invariant code based on the set of code words to represent data of the plurality of data.

Abstract: An example system to represent data with multi-dimensional cyclic symbols is provided. The system includes a representation engine, a symbol engine, and a translation engine. The representation engine is to provide a plurality of display symbols. Display symbols are selected from a set of multi-dimensional cyclic symbols. The symbol engine is to receive a plurality of received symbols. The translation engine is to convert the plurality of received symbols into a plurality of display symbols.

Abstract: An example method is described in which a processor receives a first plurality of symbols selected from a first set of symbols, translates the first plurality of symbols into a second plurality of symbols selected from an M-ary cyclic symbol set, and writes the second plurality of symbols to a surface. An additional example method is described in which a processor captures an image of at least a portion of a surface, detects a first plurality of symbols from the image, where the first plurality of symbols comprises symbols selected from an M-ary cyclic symbol set, translates the first plurality of symbols into a second plurality of symbols selected from a second set of symbols, and performs at least one task responsive to the second plurality of symbols.

Abstract: In an example method, a set of source pixels corresponding to an image to be printed and a dot pattern of pixels including information to be encoded across the image are received. The dot pattern of pixels is mapped to a corresponding subset of the source pixels. A value of a clipping channel color in the subset of the source pixels is modified based on an original value of the clipping channel color for each pixel in the subset. The clipping channel color is used to detect the dot pattern of pixels. The image including the subset of pixels with modified clipping channel colors is printed.

Abstract: In an example method, a dot pattern of pixels including information to be encoded across an image is mapped to a corresponding subset of the grayscale source pixels corresponding to the image to be printed. A value of a grayscale pixel in the subset of the grayscale source pixels is modified based on based on a predetermined threshold pixel value. The value of the grayscale pixel is decreased in response to detecting that the predetermined threshold pixel value is exceeded. The clipping channel color is used to detect the dot pattern of pixels. The image including the subset of pixels with modified values is printed.

Abstract: An omnidirectional barcode may include a graphical representation of a one-dimensional barcode wherein the graphical representation of the one-dimensional barcode is extended circumferentially around a three-dimensional (3D) object. A method of forming an omnidirectional barcode may include creating a graphical representation of a one-dimensional barcode and extending the one-dimensional representation in at least one dimension.