Abstract: Methods of treating developmental disorders such as Angelman syndrome, Fragile X syndrome, Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS), Autistic Spectrum Disorder, Autism, Asperger's syndrome, pervasive developmental disorder, Childhood Disintegrative Disorder, Rett syndrome, Landau-Kleffner Syndrome, Prader-Willi Syndrome, Tardive Dyskinesia, a seizure disorder and/or Williams Syndrome with a biguanide such as metformin, buformin, phenformin or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are provided. The methods provide therapeutic compositions that may be used to improve one or more symptoms of the developmental disorder.

Abstract: Methods of sedating a patient undergoing critical care treatment using intravenous gaboxadol are provided.

Abstract: Methods of increasing tonic inhibition in a subject in need thereof, for example a subject with Fragile X syndrome or Angelman syndrome are disclosed. Methods of treating secondary insomnia in a subject with a neurodegenerative disease or disorder are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods of treating tinnitus with gaboxadol or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are provided. Also provided are therapeutic compositions that may be used to improve one or more symptoms of tinnitus. Methods of treating acute sensorineural hearing loss or Meniere's disease with gaboxadol or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are provided. Also provided are therapeutic compositions that may be used to improve one or more symptoms of acute sensorineural hearing loss or Meniere's disease.

Abstract: Methods of treating developmental disorders by administering a pharmaceutical composition of pipradrol or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are provided. The methods may be used to treat conditions such as epilepsy, Landau-Kleffner Syndrome, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) and Dravet syndrome.

Abstract: Methods of treating behavioral syndromes by administering a pharmaceutical composition of pipradrol or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are provided. The methods may be used to treat Attention-Deficit Disorder (ADD) and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).

Abstract: Methods of increasing tonic inhibition in a subject in need thereof, for example a subject with Fragile X syndrome or Angelman syndrome are disclosed. Methods of treating secondary insomnia in a subject with a neurodegenerative disease or disorder are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods of increasing tonic inhibition in a subject in need thereof, for example a subject with Fragile X syndrome or Angelman syndrome are disclosed. Methods of treating secondary insomnia in a subject with a neurodegenerative disease or disorder are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods of sedating a patient undergoing critical care treatment using intravenous gaboxadol are provided.

Abstract: Methods of treating a developmental disorder such as Dravet syndrome by administering a pharmaceutical composition of gaboxadol or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are provided.

Abstract: Methods of treating Prader-Willi syndrome in a subject in need of treatment are provided. The methods include administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R, R?, X, Y and Z are defined as set forth in the specification. In embodiments, an effective amount of captodiamine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered to the subject.

Abstract: Methods of increasing tonic inhibition in a subject in need thereof, for example a subject with Fragile X syndrome or Angelman syndrome are disclosed. Methods of treating secondary insomnia in a subject with a neurodegenerative disease or disorder are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods of sedating a patient undergoing critical care treatment using intravenous gaboxadol are provided.

Abstract: Methods of treating developmental disorders by administering a pharmaceutical composition of pipradrol or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are provided. The methods may be used to treat conditions such as epilepsy, Landau-Kleffner Syndrome, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) and Dravet syndrome.

Abstract: Methods of increasing tonic inhibition in a subject in need thereof, for example a subject with Fragile X syndrome or Angelman syndrome are disclosed. Methods of treating secondary insomnia in a subject with a neurodegenerative disease or disorder are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods of increasing tonic inhibition in a subject in need thereof, for example a subject with Fragile X syndrome or Angelman syndrome are disclosed. Methods of treating secondary insomnia in a subject with a neurodegenerative disease or disorder are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods of treating cognitive impairment, and/or reducing or preventing one or more neuropsychiatric morbidities in a subject with a neurodegenerative disease or disorder are disclosed. The methods can include administering the subject an effective amount of a (1-piperidinylalkyl)pyrimidinone derivative, preferably ritanserin, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, to increase slow wave sleep; to increase dopamine signaling, preferably in the brain, more preferably in the prefrontal cortex; to increase the expression of BDNF preferably in the brain, more preferably in the hippocampus; or a combination thereof. Typically, the compound is administered in a pharmaceutical composition including a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. In some embodiments, the subject has not been clinically diagnosed with neurodegenerative disease based on physical symptoms.

Abstract: Methods for increasing the amount of brown adipose tissue in a subject, of increasing the ratio of brown fat to white fat in a subject, or for effecting a change in white adipose tissue to become brown adipose tissue in a subject include the administration of one or more agents. The agent can increase or induce hypothalamic expression of BDNF, can be a TrkB receptor agonist or a beta-3 adrenergic receptor agonist, or encode an agonist that modulates a hypothalamic-adipocyte axis.

Abstract: The invention provide methods and compositions for localized delivery of a vector comprising a therapeutic agent to a specific region of the brain that is overstimulated in neurodegenerative diseases. In particular, the invention provides methods and compositions used to deliver an adeno-associated virus vector (AAV) comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) to cells in the hippocampus, subthalamic nucleus of the basal ganglia, mesaphilia and thalamus.

Abstract: The invention provide methods and compositions for localized delivery of a vector comprising a therapeutic agent to a specific region of the brain that is overstimulated in neurodegenerative diseases. In particular, the invention provides methods and compositions used to deliver an adeno-associated virus vector (AAV) comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) to cells in the hippocampus, subthalamic nucleus of the basal ganglia, mesaphilia and thalamus.