Abstract: Federation policy exchange is provided in response to receiving a sharing query from an Access Point (AP) indicating that an associated wireless network supports federated identities with data sharing, determining whether the sharing query is within sharing preferences; and in response to determining that the sharing query is within the sharing preferences, transmitting, to the AP, a positive response for identity sharing that authorizes collection and sharing of identity data with at least one entity identified in a sharing policy for the associated wireless network. In various embodiments, federation policy exchange includes transmitting a support notification, via an AP, indicating support for federated identities with data sharing within a wireless network associated with the AP; and in response to receiving a first identify sharing preference from a User Equipment (UE) that indicates that negotiation is preferred, transmitting a sharing policy for the wireless network to the UE.

Abstract: A system to improve a product based on a relaxation response includes a memory configured to store relaxation response data of a sample. The relaxation response data includes time data and amplitude data. A processor is operatively coupled to the memory and configured to convert the relaxation response data to linear-amplitude versus log-time data. The processor also performs a least-squares fit of the converted relaxation response data to a heavy-tail function to determine one or more fit parameter values. The processor also updates a design for the sample based at least in part on the one or more fit parameter values.

Abstract: According to certain aspects of the present disclosure, a device is provided. The device includes a thin film of cobalt. A platinum layer is disposed on the thin film of cobalt. An aluminum layer is disposed on the platinum layer. The aluminum layer disposed on the platinum layer encapsulates the thin film of cobalt. A plurality of electrical contacts is in electrical communication with the thin film of cobalt. Two electrical contacts of the plurality of electrical contacts are configured to receive a write-current therebetween. Four electrical contacts of the plurality of contacts are configured for reading a 4-point resistance.

Abstract: Systems and/or methods can provide for solid-state refrigeration below 1 degree Kelvin. By applying a simple sequence of ac electrical signals to a gated semiconductor device, electrons are cooled in a refrigeration sequence that, in turn, provides cooling directly to the heat load of interest. Electrons in a single subband of a semiconductor quantum well are expanded adiabatically into several subbands, resulting in a temperature drop. Repeated application of this cycle at MHz-GHz frequencies results in a significant cooling power. The anticipated cooling powers can compete with today's standard cryogenic system, the dilution refrigerator, which represents the market standard for achieving cryogenic temperatures.

Abstract: Systems and methods include an electrical switch that establishes a first electrical conducting path between terminals of an electrical measurement apparatus through one or more electrical leads and an electrically-conductive sample in a first state, and a second electrical conducting path between the terminals through the one or more electrical leads while bypassing the sample in a second state. A voltage VS+L is measured across all of the sample and the one or more electrical leads in the first state, while a voltage VL is measured across the one or more electrical leads while bypassing the sample in the second state. Calculations according to the equation VS=VS+L?VL are performed to determine a precision DC voltage measurement of a voltage across the sample VS in the absence of Seebeck voltage offsets contributed by the one or more electrical leads.

Abstract: Woven flexible thermoelectric fabrics are provided. The fabric is a woven material that includes a series of longitudinal threads interwoven with a series of transverse threads. Within the longitudinal series, the threads have a repeating thread pattern of an n-type thermoelectric thread, a p-type thermoelectric thread, and an insulating thread. Within the transverse series, the threads have a repeating thread pattern of a first double-sided thread with conducting side down and insulating side up, a second double-sided thread with conducting side down and insulating side up, and a third double-sided thread with conducting side up and insulating side down.

Abstract: Systems and/or methods can provide for solid-state refrigeration below 1 degree Kelvin. By applying a simple sequence of ac electrical signals to a gated semiconductor device, electrons are cooled in a refrigeration sequence that, in turn, provides cooling directly to the heat load of interest. Electrons in a single subband of a semiconductor quantum well are expanded adiabatically into several subbands, resulting in a temperature drop. Repeated application of this cycle at MHz-GHz frequencies results in a significant cooling power. The anticipated cooling powers can compete with today's standard cryogenic system, the dilution refrigerator, which represents the market standard for achieving cryogenic temperatures.

Abstract: Systems and methods include an electrical switch that establishes a first electrical conducting path between terminals of an electrical measurement apparatus through one or more electrical leads and an electrically-conductive sample in a first state, and a second electrical conducting path between the terminals through the one or more electrical leads while bypassing the sample in a second state. A voltage VS+L is measured across all of the sample and the one or more electrical leads in the first state, while a voltage VL is measured across the one or more electrical leads while bypassing the sample in the second state. Calculations according to the equation VS=VS+L?VL are performed to determine a precision DC voltage measurement of a voltage across the sample VS in the absence of Seebeck voltage offsets contributed by the one or more electrical leads.

Abstract: A machine for removing debris from pine straw is described. The machine comprises a conveyor system, a doffer, a debris-pine straw separation zone, and a clean pine straw zone. The conveyor system and doffer thin, spread and fluff the pine straw, as well as control the flow of pine straw to the separation zone. A system of air is directed through the separation zone and engages pine straw and debris discharged into the separation zone and effectively separates the debris from the pine straw, after which the pine straw is directed from the separation zone to the clean pine straw zone.

Abstract: A medical swab includes a hollow tube shaft that has a distal end and a proximal end. A swab tip is mounted to the hollow tube shaft such that a first portion of the swab tip is positioned within the distal end of the hollow tube shaft and a second portion of the swab tip extends out from the distal end of the hollow tube shaft.

Abstract: Woven flexible thermoelectric fabrics are provided. The fabric is a woven material that includes a series of longitudinal threads interwoven with a series of transverse threads. Within the longitudinal series, the threads have a repeating thread pattern of an n-type thermoelectric thread, a p-type thermoelectric thread, and an insulating thread. Within the transverse series, the threads have a repeating thread pattern of a first double-sided thread with conducting side down and insulating side up, a second double-sided thread with conducting side down and insulating side up, and a third double-sided thread with conducting side up and insulating side down.

Abstract: A machine for removing debris from pine straw is described. The machine comprises a conveyor system, a doffer, a debris-pine straw separation zone, and a clean pine straw zone. The conveyor system and doffer thin, spread and fluff the pine straw, as well as control the flow of pine straw to the separation zone. A system of air is directed through the separation zone and engages pine straw and debris discharged into the separation zone and effectively separates the debris from the pine straw, after which the pine straw is directed from the separation zone to the clean pine straw zone.

Abstract: A transverse thermoelectric includes a first array of hole-conducting nanowires and a second array of electron-conducting nanowires positioned orthogonal to the first array of nanowires. A substrate provides structure to the first array of nanowires and the second array of nanowires.

Abstract: Systems and methods provide a device for characterizing a thin film, including a conducting or insulating substrate, an active layer on the conducting or insulating substrate to be characterized, and a plurality of stripline electrodes on the active layer. The plurality of stripline electrodes include a pitch width of a same order as the thickness of the active layer and strip width smaller than the thickness of the active layer.

Abstract: Systems and methods can provide a fast and accurate way to measure conductivity and Hall effect, such that transient conductivities, transient carrier densities or transient mobilities can be measured on millisecond time scales, for example. The systems and methods can also reduce the minimum magnetic field needed to extract carrier density or mobility of a given sample, and reduce the minimum mobility that can be measured with a given magnetic field.

Abstract: A system and a method determine a quality of a doped semiconductor layer in terms of a charge carrier density gradient by measuring two magnetic-field-dependent resistances using four contacts of a specimen.

Abstract: Systems and methods can provide a fast and accurate way to measure conductivity and Hall effect, such that transient conductivities, transient carrier densities or transient mobilities can be measured on millisecond time scales, for example. The systems and methods can also reduce the minimum magnetic field needed to extract carrier density or mobility of a given sample, and reduce the minimum mobility that can be measured with a given magnetic field.

Abstract: Systems and methods provide a device for characterizing a thin film, including a conducting or insulating substrate, an active layer on the conducting or insulating substrate to be characterized, and a plurality of stripline electrodes on the active layer. The plurality of stripline electrodes include a pitch width of a same order as the thickness of the active layer and strip width smaller than the thickness of the active layer.

Abstract: A probe assembly includes plural capacitive contacts that are separate from each other and a conductive depletion gate disposed between and separating the contacts from each other. The depletion gate is configured to receive a direct electric voltage to deplete regions of a sample under test of electrons. The contacts are configured to be placed in close proximity to a buried conducting layer in the sample under test without engaging the buried conducting layer, thereby capacitively coupling to the buried conducting layer. A first subset of the capacitive contacts is configured to apply an alternating electric current to a portion of the sample under test and a second subset of the capacitive contacts is configured to sense an alternating voltage response of the portion of the sample under test to characterize one or more electrical properties of the sample under test without the capacitive contact with the buried conductive layer.

Abstract: A system and a method determine a quality of a doped semiconductor layer in terms of a charge carrier density gradient by measuring two magnetic-field-dependent resistances using four contacts of a specimen.